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Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Morio Yamazaki, Kotaro Sugimoto, Yo Mabuchi, Rina Yamashita, Naoki Ichikawa-Tomikawa, Tetsuharu Kaneko, Chihiro Akazawa, Hiroshi Hasegawa, Tetsuya Imura, Hideki Chiba
Summary: Junctional adhesion molecules (JAMs) have been found to exhibit a novel mode of interaction and biological activity in adipose-derived stromal/stem cells, with JAM-C playing a significant role in cell adhesion and proliferation. The cleaved form of JAM-C, sJAM-C, can stimulate adhesion and maintenance of ADSCs in conjunction with JAM-B. These findings suggest a unique functional role of sJAM-C in ADSCs, contributing to not only cell-cell adhesion, but also cell-matrix adhesion.
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Jennifer Steens, Lea Klar, Christine Hansel, Alexis Slama, Thomas Hager, Verena Jendrossek, Clemens Aigner, Diana Klein
Summary: Human lungs contain endogenous mesenchymal stem cells, with lung-resident MSCs predominantly located in the vascular stem cell niche of lung arteries. These LR-MSCs bear similarities to MSCs derived from adult human blood vessel walls, expressing a specific HOX code. The identification of LR-MSCs as VW-MSCs has implications for understanding lung physiology, pulmonary diseases, and therapeutic approaches.
STEM CELLS TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Biology
Yanxiao Wang, Nan Tang
Summary: The adult lung, a crucial organ for gas exchange, relies on epithelial stem cells and their interactions with the niche for tissue rejuvenation and regeneration. Advances in single-cell sequencing and other technologies have enhanced our understanding of stem cell characteristics. This review provides an overview of known stem/progenitor cells in different regions of the adult lung and discusses the relationship between dysregulated stem cell function and lung diseases.
SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Lucia de Miguel-Gomez, Sara Lopez-Martinez, Emilio Frances-Herrero, Adolfo Rodriguez-Eguren, Antonio Pellicer, Irene Cervello
Summary: Various types of endogenous stem cells have been identified in the endometrium, with potential involvement of exogenous stem cells from bone marrow. These findings are driving the development of stem cell therapies for endometrial pathologies, as well as proposing promising therapeutic alternatives based on bioengineering.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Emilia Manole, Cristina Niculite, Ioana Maria Lambrescu, Gisela Gaina, Octavian Ioghen, Laura Cristina Ceafalan, Mihail Eugen Hinescu
Summary: Macrophages play a crucial role in maintaining tissue homeostasis and repair, displaying heterogeneity in response to environmental cues. Their diverse functions as M1 and M2 phenotypes contribute to tissue damage and wound healing, emphasizing the importance of understanding their intervention in stem cell behavior and niche regulation for developing novel therapeutic strategies in different diseases.
Article
Cell Biology
Na Yuan, Wen Wei, Li Ji, Jiawei Qian, Zhicong Jin, Hong Liu, Li Xu, Lei Li, Chen Zhao, Xueqin Gao, Yulong He, Mingyuan Wang, Longhai Tang, Yixuan Fang, Jianrong Wang
Summary: The bone marrow niche, responsible for maintaining hematopoietic stem cell homeostasis, declines in function with aging and hematological malignancies. This study reveals that disrupting autophagy in HSCs accelerates niche aging, while transplantation of young donor HSCs repairs the niche environment. Further investigation shows that HSCs transdifferentiate into functional niche cells, including mesenchymal stromal cells and endothelial cells, in an autophagy-dependent manner. These findings provide a clinical solution to rejuvenate an aged or damaged bone marrow hematopoietic niche.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ningbo Wu, Hongxiang Sun, Xiaoyun Zhao, Yao Zhang, Jianmei Tan, Yuanyuan Qi, Qun Wang, Melissa Ng, Zhaoyuan Liu, Lingjuan He, Xiaoyin Niu, Lei Chen, Zhiduo Liu, Hua-Bing Li, Yi Arial Zeng, Manolis Roulis, Dou Liu, Jinke Cheng, Bin Zhou, Lai Guan Ng, Duowu Zou, Youqiong Ye, Richard A. Flavell, Florent Ginhoux, Bing Su
Summary: The study identified a subset of intestinal stromal cells, MRISCs, as the primary cellular source of WNT agonist R-spondin 1 following intestinal injury in mice. These MRISCs are located at the bases of colon crypts, maintain LGR5(+) intestinal stem cells, and protect against acute intestinal damage through enhanced R-spondin 1 production. The mechanism involves a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-MAP3K2-ERK5-KLF2 axis to augment WNT signaling for intestinal regeneration.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sarah Y. T. Robertson, JoAnn S. Roberts, Sophie X. Deng
Summary: Limbal epithelial stem/progenitor cells (LSCs) reside in a niche with finely tuned balances of various signaling pathways, and respond to molecular signals as well as physical structure. Damage to LSCs or their niche leads to limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD), and understanding the molecular regulation of LSCs is crucial for treating LSCD effectively.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Changzhen Wang, Hongmei Ning, Jiao Gao, Teng Xue, Ming Zhao, Xiaoxia Jiang, Xiaoming Zhu, Ximin Guo, Hong Li, Xiaoyan Wang
Summary: This study investigated the impact of hematopoietic cells on MSCs and found that partial deletion of the Pten gene in hematopoietic cells can lead to abnormal differentiation of MSCs. There is a reciprocal relationship between hematopoietic cells and MSCs, with an important role in bone development.
STEM CELL RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Developmental Biology
Phylis Hetie, Margaret de Cuevas, Erika L. Matunis
Summary: The adult Drosophila testis has a niche formed by hub cells that maintain adjacent germline stem cells and somatic cyst stem cells. While hub cells can convert into CySCs after ablation of all CySCs, the conversion of CySCs into hub cells is debated. In this study, the ability of hub cells to replenish was examined, and it was found that the missing hub cells were not replaced after ablation. This suggests that the hub in the adult Drosophila testis lacks a mechanism to regenerate missing hub cells.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Diego Herrero, Guillermo Albericio, Marina Higuera, Maria Herranz-Lopez, Miguel A. Garcia-Brenes, Alejandra Cordero, Enrique Roche, Pilar Sepulveda, Carmen Mora, Antonio Bernad
Summary: Research on the interaction of adult cardiac progenitor cells with other cardiac cell populations can define the vascular cardiac stem cell niche, which is associated with low oxidative stress domains in vasculature, and manipulating this niche may offer new hope in the cardiac regeneration field.
Article
Biology
Leah J. Greenspan, Margaret de Cuevas, Kathy H. Le, Jennifer M. Viveiros, Erika L. Matunis
Summary: Adult stem cells in the Drosophila testis are regulated by signals from somatic hub cells, including the Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathway. After the removal of somatic cyst stem cells (CySCs), the hub cells proliferate and undergo transdifferentiation into new CySCs. EGFR signaling is normally inhibited in hub cells but is activated after CySC ablation to drive stem cell regeneration.
Review
Oncology
Geoffray Monteuuis, Ulf Schmitz, Veronika Petrova, Padraic S. Kearney, John E. J. Rasko
Summary: Intron retention in cancer, previously overlooked as an artifact, is now recognized as a widespread phenomenon contributing to the transcriptional diversity of many cancers. Dysregulation of cellular mechanisms leading to aberrant intron retention has been highlighted in numerous studies in cancer, emphasizing its role in cancer pathogenesis and therapeutic resistance.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nicole Pui-Yu Ho, Hitoshi Takizawa
Summary: This article summarizes the current understanding of how hematopoietic stem cell functions are maintained, damaged, or exhausted during acute, prolonged, and pathological inflammatory conditions. It also highlights the impact of inflammation-altered hematopoietic stem cell niche on escalating the insults on hematopoietic stem cells.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Oncology
David Bakhshinyan, Neil Savage, Sabra Khalid Salim, Chitra Venugopal, Sheila K. Singh
Summary: Studies have found that neural stem cells (NSCs) and glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) in the adult brain overlap in function, but differences in gene expression, transcriptional programs, and external environmental cues influence their divergent behavior.
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(2021)
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