期刊
NATURE PHYSICS
卷 14, 期 12, 页码 1163-+出版社
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/s41567-018-0292-8
关键词
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资金
- Max-Planck-Society
- IMPRS-PTFS
- BMBF (German Federal Ministry for Education and Research) [05P12ODCIA, 05P12HGCI1]
- STFC [ST/L005727, ST/M006433, ST/M006434, ST/L002868/1, ST/L005794/1, ST/P003885/1, ST/H008861/1, ST/H00887X/1]
- Slovak Research and Development Agency [APVV-14-0524]
- European Unions Seventh Framework Programme for Research and Technological Development [267194, 289191]
- FWO-Vlaanderen (Belgium) [GOA/2015/010]
- Belgian Science Policy Office (BriX network) [P7/12]
- European Commission within the Seventh Framework Programme through I3-ENSAR [RII3-CT-2010-262010]
- European Research Council [ERC-2011-AdG-291561-HELIOS]
- Agency for Innovation by Science and Technology in Flanders (IWT)
- Wolfgang-Gentner scholarship
- JSPS under the Japan-Belgium Research Cooperative Program
- FWO under the Japan-Belgium Research Cooperative Program
- Priority Issue on Post-K computer (Elucidation of the Fundamental Laws and Evolution of the Universe) from MEXT
- Priority Issue on Post-K computer (Elucidation of the Fundamental Laws and Evolution of the Universe) from JICFuS
- BIS National E-infrastructure capital grant [ST/K001590/1]
- STFC DiRAC Operations grant [ST/K00333X/1]
- STFC [ST/P003885/1, ST/P004423/1, ST/L005727/1, EP/D075769/1, ST/J000159/1, ST/M006433/1, ST/J004189/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- Science and Technology Facilities Council [ST/M006433/1, EP/D075769/1, ST/P003885/1, ST/J004189/1, ST/L005727/1] Funding Source: researchfish
In rare cases, the removal of a single proton (Z) or neutron (N) from an atomic nucleus leads to a dramatic shape change. These instances are crucial for understanding the components of the nuclear interactions that drive deformation. The mercury isotopes (Z = 80) are a striking example(1,2): their close neighbours, the lead isotopes (Z = 82), are spherical and steadily shrink with decreasing N. The even-mass (A = N + Z) mercury isotopes follow this trend. The odd-mass mercury isotopes Hg-181(,)183(,)185, however, exhibit noticeably larger charge radii. Due to the experimental difficulties of probing extremely neutron-deficient systems, and the computational complexity of modelling such heavy nuclides, the microscopic origin of this unique shape staggering has remained unclear. Here, by applying resonance ionization spectroscopy, mass spectrometry and nuclear spectroscopy as far as Hg-177, we determine Hg-181 as the shape-staggering endpoint. By combining our experimental measurements with Monte Carlo shell model calculations, we conclude that this phenomenon results from the interplay between monopole and quadrupole interactions driving a quantum phase transition, for which we identify the participating orbitals. Although shape staggering in the mercury isotopes is a unique and localized feature in the nuclear chart, it nicely illustrates the concurrence of single-particle and collective degrees of freedom at play in atomic nuclei.
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