Review
Sport Sciences
Malcolm Collins, Alison V. September
Summary: There is currently insufficient evidence to support the use of genetic polymorphisms in commercial genetic tests for musculoskeletal injury susceptibility. More research is needed to determine the specific polymorphisms that are associated with these injuries.
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Hannah G. Kirby, Heidi L. Rehm, Leland E. Hull
Summary: As patient access to lab testing outside the clinic increases, healthcare providers will face more questions about the usefulness and interpretation of consumer-initiated genetic testing for health risks. This study aimed to understand the variety of consumer-initiated germline genetic testing options available in the market. The researchers conducted an environmental scan to identify companies offering germline genetic tests for diagnosable health conditions, which could be purchased by consumers in the US without consulting healthcare providers. They found 21 companies offering 74 distinct test products that met their criteria, and only a minority of them assessed the presence of CDC Tier 1 conditions that have evidence-based guidelines for detection and management.
MAYO CLINIC PROCEEDINGS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Ethan MacLeod, Kaveh Arjomandi
Summary: Dynamic bridge weigh in motion systems use models that simulate the dynamic behaviour of a bridge subjected to moving traffic. Currently available models use complex and computationally expensive Moving Force Identification (MFI) methods that utilize finite element models to estimate the bridge torsional and transverse dynamic behaviour. This paper presents a novel dynamic parametric BWIM method that utilizes the experimentally estimated modal parameters for simulating the response of a bridge structure to moving loads. The proposed dynamic BWIM method offers a novel solution for the development of real-time BWIM systems that is efficient to calibrate and accurate in vehicle identification.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2023)
Review
Plant Sciences
Umer Karamat, Xiaoxue Sun, Na Li, Jianjun Zhao
Summary: Leaf size in Brassica crops is determined by the coordinated regulation of cell proliferation and cell expansion during leaf development, controlled by various integrated signals from the intrinsic regulatory network and the growth environment. Important genetic regulators influencing leaf size in Brassica have been identified, with their mechanisms involving phytohormone biosynthesis and signaling, transcription regulation, small RNAs, and others. These findings provide insights for future molecular breeding and crop improvement research.
HORTICULTURE RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Madej Malgorzata, Sasiadek Maria, Witt Michal
Summary: Direct-to-consumer tests offer individuals the opportunity to access genetic information freely without medical supervision, but they also carry the risk of false results and potential negative health and psychological consequences. European countries and organizations have implemented legal frameworks to regulate the DTC market, focusing on principles such as patient protection, informed consent, and medical information confidentiality.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED GENETICS
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Arturo J. Fernandez
Summary: This study presents an optimal reliability demonstration test plan, which computes the controlled expected risks for both producers and consumers. The device failure times are modeled using Weibull distributions, and the prior information on device reliability is described by limited beta models. By solving mixed integer nonlinear programming problems, the study determines the minimum-cost test durations, sample sizes, and acceptance numbers. The inclusion of substantial prior knowledge enables the reduction of test time, sample size, and cost, leading to improved risk assessments for producers and consumers.
COMPUTERS & INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Environmental Studies
Afees A. Salisu, Ahamuefula E. Ogbonna, Xuan Vinh Vo
Summary: In this study, we analyze the relationship between oil tail risks and inflation volatility in six advanced economies. We estimate oil tail risks using CAViaR method and evaluate its predictive value for in-sample and out-of-sample forecasts. The results show a positive relationship between oil tail risks and inflation volatility in all countries except Germany. Furthermore, the study suggests that oil tail risks contain predictive information for consumer price variance and have implications for businesses and fiscal and monetary authorities.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Eva S. van Walree, Iris E. Jansen, Nathaniel Y. Bell, Jeanne E. Savage, Christiaan de Leeuw, Max Nieuwdorp, Sophie van der Sluis, Danielle Posthuma
Summary: A quarter of the world's population is estimated to have metabolic syndrome (MetS), which is associated with increased risk of coronary artery disease and type 2 diabetes. This study found that the genetic correlations of MetS components can be best captured by a genetic one factor model. A genome-wide association study detected 235 associated loci, with 53 loci overlapping with loci for multiple MetS components. These findings provide insights into the genetics of MetS and suggest potential drug targets.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Janusz Urbanski, Slawomir Bajkowski, Piotr Siwicki, Ryszard Oleszczuk, Andrzej Brandyk, Zbigniew Popek
Summary: Observed changes in hydrological conditions indicate the need for economical use of water. This study focuses on the use of water level regulators for efficient water management. Laboratory tests were conducted to evaluate the hydraulic characteristics and operating conditions of three innovative regulator solutions. The results show that the regulators with different structural designs offer varying levels of effectiveness in controlling water flow and maintaining the desired water level. The U and Z type regulators were found to have higher hydraulic efficiency compared to the S type regulator.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rosette N. Tamaddondoust, Alicia Wong, Megha Chandrashekhar, Edouard I. Azzam, Tommy Alain, Yi Wang
Summary: The biological impact of ionizing radiation on humans depends on both the physical properties and absorbed dose of radiation, as well as the unique susceptibility of the exposed individual. DNA is a critical target of radiation, and the damage response is important for maintaining genomic integrity. Unrepaired DNA lesions can lead to mutations and adverse health effects. Cellular sensitivity to radiation is correlated with the ability to repair DNA lesions, and recent studies have used whole-genome analysis to identify genes that impact individual sensitivity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Luca A. Lotta, Maik Pietzner, Isobel D. Stewart, Laura B. L. Wittemans, Chen Li, Roberto Bonelli, Johannes Raffler, Emma K. Biggs, Clare Oliver-Williams, Victoria P. W. Auyeung, Jian'an Luan, Eleanor Wheeler, Ellie Paige, Praveen Surendran, Gregory A. Michelotti, Robert A. Scott, Stephen Burgess, Verena Zuber, Eleanor Sanderson, Albert Koulman, Fumiaki Imamura, Nita G. Forouhi, Kay-Tee Khaw, Julian L. Griffin, Angela M. Wood, Gabi Kastenmueller, John Danesh, Adam S. Butterworth, Fiona M. Gribble, Frank Reimann, Melanie Bahlo, Eric Fauman, Nicholas J. Wareham, Claudia Langenberg
Summary: By conducting a cross-platform analysis of metabolites, we identified various genetic regulators associated with metabolite levels, including their impact on diseases such as type 2 diabetes and macular telangiectasia type 2.
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Joshua J. Nolan, Elizabeth Ormondroyd
Summary: Direct-to-consumer genetic tests (DTC-GT) provide various genetic health risk information. This study conducted a systematic review to assess the impacts of DTC-GT on consumers and healthcare services. The findings reveal that consumers have high expectations and satisfaction with DTC-GT, but there are challenges in interpreting and utilizing the information for healthcare professionals.
Article
Ethics
Yasmin Haddad
Summary: In this paper, an epistemic evaluation is provided on the harms caused by the widespread marketing of direct-to-consumer (DTC) genetic tests. The author argues that the epistemic harms produced by DTC genetic tests have been overlooked in discussions, and highlights two pertinent epistemic harms: a failure to consider an individual's articulations about their identity and the dismissal of useful hermeneutical resources due to a reductionist framework. The author then proposes ways to mitigate these harms.
MEDICINE HEALTH CARE AND PHILOSOPHY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Zbigniew Popek, Slawomir Bajkowski, Piotr Siwicki, Janusz Urbanski
Summary: The current changes in hydrological conditions necessitate the economical use of water resources. Innovative water level regulators in drainage systems allow for smooth control of water flow and interception of water levels, with laboratory tests confirming their effectiveness in regulating water levels.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Halmat J. Hassan, S. Hashim, N. Z. H. Abu Hanifah, M. S. M. Sanusi, M. R. Fahmi, R. M. Tahar, D. A. Bradley
Summary: Investigation and assessment were conducted on 23 commercially available tourmaline-based healthcare products, revealing varying levels of naturally occurring radioactive material. The radiological risk posed by the use of these products was generally within safe limits, but national screening programs are recommended to mitigate potential radiation exposure.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2022)