Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xian Zhang, Shun Li, Isha Malik, Mytrang H. Do, Liangliang Ji, Chun Chou, Wei Shi, Kristelle J. Capistrano, Jing Zhang, Ting-Wei Hsu, Briana G. Nixon, Ke Xu, Xinxin Wang, Andrea Ballabio, Laura S. Schmidt, W. Marston Linehan, Ming O. O. Li
Summary: In metazoan organisms, cell competition functions as a mechanism to eliminate unfit cells and promote the survival of more robust cells. However, little is known about how environmental factors affect cancer cell competition. This study reveals that tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) can be reprogrammed through diet or genes to outcompete MYC-overexpressing cancer cells. This discovery highlights a novel innate immune tumour suppression pathway that could be targeted for cancer therapy.
Review
Oncology
David Bilder, Katy Ong, Tsai-Ching Hsi, Kavya Adiga, Jung Kim
Summary: The Review discusses how fly tumors interact with the microenvironment and distant organs to influence disease progression and host physiology. The authors argue that the simplicity of flies and the ability to study lethality in this model provide an opportunity to address why patients ultimately die of cancer.
NATURE REVIEWS CANCER
(2021)
Article
Dermatology
Veronica Stolearenco, Trine B. Levring, Helene Myrtue Nielsen, Lise Lindahl, Simon Fredholm, Martin Kongsbak-Wismann, Andreas Willerslev-Olsen, Terkild B. Buus, Claudia Nastasi, Tengpeng Hu, Maria Gluud, Christophe R. M. Come, Thorbjorn Krejsgaard, Lars Iversen, Charlotte Menne Bonefeld, Kirsten Gronbaek, Ozcan Met, Anders Woetmann, Niels Odum, Carsten Geisler
Summary: Low expression of TXNIP protein was found in all CTCL cell lines compared to non-malignant T cells, and forced expression of TXNIP strongly inhibited proliferation of malignant T cells, suggesting TXNIP as a potential tumor suppressor in CTCL.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Helen M. Wise, Adam Harris, Nisha Kriplani, Adam Schofield, Helen Caldwell, Mark J. Arends, Ian M. Overton, Nick R. Leslie
Summary: Loss of PTEN function is a common event in aggressive prostate cancers, and PTEN has both lipid phosphatase and protein phosphatase activities. Loss of PTEN protein phosphatase activity leads to lymphocyte infiltration and an increased immune cell gene expression signature.
Editorial Material
Oncology
Rafael Winograd, Diane M. Simeone, Dafna Bar-Sagi
Summary: Immune checkpoint blockade has shown efficacy in multiple cancers, but further improvements are needed to increase response rates and achieve clinical efficacy in cold tumors. Mechanistic studies of tumor-specific immunosuppressive pathways can uncover biological barriers to immunotherapy and offer new therapeutic insights.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Joo Mi Yi, Tae-Hong Kang, Yu Kyeong Han, Ha Young Park, Ju Hwan Yang, Jin-Han Bae, Jung-Soo Suh, Tae-Jin Kim, Joong-Gook Kim, Yan-Hong Cui, Hiromu Suzuki, Kohei Kumegawa, Sung Joo Kim, Yi Zhao, In Ja Park, Seung-Mo Hong, Joon-Yong Chung, Su-Jae Lee
Summary: This study identifies Neuralized (NEURL) as a novel tumor suppressor gene that targets oncogenic Wnt/beta-catenin signaling in human cancers. NEURL expression is epigenetically regulated and suppressed in colorectal cancer. NEURL acts as an E3 ubiquitin ligase, interacting with oncogenic beta-catenin and reducing its cytoplasmic levels, thereby disrupting the canonical Wnt/beta-catenin pathway.
Article
Immunology
Jiaheng Cheng, Yushan Yuan, Fang Zhao, Jianwei Chen, Peng Chen, Ying Li, Xia Yan, Chenglong Luo, Dingming Shu, Hao Qu, Jian Ji
Summary: Studies have shown the association between gut microbiota and the development of thymic T cells in young chickens. Early antibiotic treatment reduces gut microbiota diversity, leading to a decrease in thymic T cells. Interventions that modify gut microbiota in early life may accelerate humoral immunity maturation and provide anti-inflammatory effects against pathogens.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pierpaolo Ginefra, Helen Carrasco Hope, Mattia Spagna, Alessandra Zecchillo, Nicola Vannini
Summary: T cells play a crucial role in immune-based cancer therapies, but they often exhibit dysfunction in tumors due to metabolic constraints in the tumor microenvironment. Ions are important in regulating the signaling pathways that control T-cell anti-tumor function, suggesting that modulation of ion metabolism could be a potential strategy to enhance immunotherapy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Katarina Lopusna, Pawel Nowialis, Jana Opavska, Ajay Abraham, Alberto Riva, Rene Opavsky
Summary: The study revealed that Dnmt3b's catalytic activity is largely dispensable for mouse development but critical for preventing tumorigenesis by controlling events involved in cellular transformation. The lack of Dnmt3b's catalytic activity promoted fibroblast transformation in vitro and accelerated the development of certain types of leukemia and lymphoma in vivo.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Manpreet K. Semwal, Allison K. Hester, Yangming Xiao, Chioma Udeaja, Sergio Cepeda, John S. Verschelde, Nicholas Jones, Sarah A. Wedemeyer, Simon Emtage, Kymberly Wimberly, Ann V. Griffith
Summary: This study reveals that constitutive autophagy in TSCs is regulated by low expression of catalase, which affects central T cell tolerance and may be associated with the development of autoimmune diseases.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Richard Morgan, Keith Hunter, Hardev S. Pandha
Summary: HOX genes are highly conserved transcription factors with key roles in early development and are also highly expressed in most cancers. Studies have found strong associations between HOX gene expression in tumors and clinical parameters, with high expression levels often associated with worse patient outcomes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Yanan Li, Baijie Xu, Mengmeng Jin, Hui Zhang, Ningxin Ren, Jinhui Hu, Jie He
Summary: Correct cell number generation is important for tissue development. In this study, the roles of coordinated proliferation of neural progenitors and the molecular mechanism were investigated in zebrafish. The results showed that overexpression of p15 led to expanded clones of donor retinal progenitor cells (RPCs) in the host retinae. Further analysis revealed that reduced levels of cell adhesion molecule 3 (cadm3) in p15(+) retinae suppressed clonal expansion, while overexpression of Cadm3 inhibited clonal expansion. The study highlights the importance of Cadm3 in regulating cell number homeostasis during neural tissue development.
JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Hong Xie, Jun Song, Jason Godfrey, Romain Riscal, Nicolas Skuli, Itzhak Nissim, M. Celeste Simon
Summary: The accumulation of glycogen is a consistent feature of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). However, it has been found that glycogen is not essential for tumor cell proliferation and survival in ccRCC, both in vivo and in vitro. This suggests that glycogen build-up in ccRCC tumor cells may be a secondary and seemingly non-essential consequence of HIF-1 alpha signaling.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kheerthana Duraivelan, Dibyendu Samanta
Summary: This review provides a detailed account of the roles of nectin family members in various tumors, highlighting the seemingly opposing roles of some members in tumor-associated pathways where they function as both tumor suppressors and oncogenes. Understanding the functional duality of nectin family in tumors can advance our knowledge of molecular mechanisms regulating tumor development and progression, leading to improved tumor diagnosis and therapy.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-REVIEWS ON CANCER
(2021)
Article
Biology
Sayumi Fujimori, Izumi Ohigashi, Hayato Abe, Yosuke Matsushita, Toyomasa Katagiri, Makoto M. Taketo, Yousuke Takahama, Shinji Takada
Summary: The thymic epithelium plays a crucial role in supporting the development of T cells. This study found that enhanced expression of beta-catenin in thymic epithelial cells leads to thymic dysplasia and T cell deficiency in the embryonic period, while loss of beta-catenin function only slightly reduces cortical thymic epithelial cells and thymocytes in postnatal development.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lino Moehrmann, Maximilian Werner, Malgorzata Oles, Andreas Mock, Sebastian Uhrig, Arne Jahn, Simon Kreutzfeldt, Martina Froehlich, Barbara Hutter, Nagarajan Paramasivam, Daniela Richter, Katja Beck, Ulrike Winter, Katrin Pfuetze, Christoph E. Heilig, Veronica Teleanu, Daniel B. Lipka, Marc Zapatka, Dorothea Hanf, Catrin List, Michael Allgaeuer, Roland Penzel, Gina Ruter, Ivan Jelas, Rainer Hamacher, Johanna Falkenhorst, Sebastian Wagner, Christian H. Brandts, Melanie Boerries, Anna L. Illert, Klaus H. Metzeler, C. Benedikt Westphalen, Alexander Desuki, Thomas Kindler, Gunnar Folprecht, Wilko Weichert, Benedikt Brors, Albrecht Stenzinger, Evelin Schroeck, Daniel Huebschmann, Peter Horak, Christoph Heining, Stefan Froehling, Hanno Glimm
Summary: We conducted comprehensive molecular characterization of 70 patients with cancer of unknown primary and identified substantial mutational heterogeneity and commonly mutated cancer-related genes. Our data demonstrate the clinical value of molecular analysis and recommend off-label therapy for a subset of patients, resulting in improved progression-free survival.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jason A. Carter, Leonie Stroemich, Matthew Peacey, Sarah R. Chapin, Lars Velten, Lars M. Steinmetz, Benedikt Brors, Sheena Pinto, Hannah Meyer
Summary: This study reveals the transcriptomic diversity of mTECs in the thymus and establishes a web portal for querying their transcriptome, which may aid in identifying the drivers of autoimmune diseases.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Damian T. Rieke, Till de Bortoli, Peter Horak, Mario Lamping, Manuela Benary, Ivan Jelas, Gina Rueter, Johannes Berger, Marit Zettwitz, Niklas Kagelmann, Andreas Kind, Falk Fabian, Dieter Beule, Hanno Glimm, Benedikt Brors, Albrecht Stenzinger, Stefan Froehling, Ulrich Keilholz
Summary: The study compared the clinical interpretation of WES and RNA-Seq data by two independent molecular tumor boards, finding that reproducible clinical interpretation of high-dimensional molecular data is feasible. Challenges still exist in interpreting molecular aberrations beyond single nucleotide variants, clinically validated biomarkers, and combination therapies.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dania Riegel, Elena Romero-Fernandez, Malte Simon, Akinbami Raphael Adenugba, Katrin Singer, Roman Mayr, Florian Weber, Mark Kleemann, Charles D. Imbusch, Marina Kreutz, Benedikt Brors, Ines Ugele, Jens M. Werner, Peter J. Siska, Christian Schmidl
Summary: By integrating single-cell chromatin accessibility and RNA-seq data, we identified the heterogeneous functional and dysfunctional states of CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and revealed common chromatin remodeling and key regulatory factors involved in this process.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Thomas Wanek, Severin Mairinger, Marco Raabe, Md Noor A. Alam, Thomas Filip, Johann Stanek, Gordon Winter, Lujuan Xu, Christian Laube, Tanja Weil, Volker Rasche, Claudia Kuntner
Summary: This study evaluated the biokinetics and biodistribution of 68Ga-radiolabelled NDs in a xenograft model. The results showed that the highest accumulation of labeled NDs was in the liver and spleen, while the tumor had a low radioactivity concentration.
NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Cora F. Carmesin, Fabian Port, Samuel Boehringer, Kay-Eberhard Gottschalk, Volker Rasche, Steven Jansen
Summary: This study aims to quantify the stiffness of intervessel pit membranes and found that their material stiffness is lower than previously estimated, and it undergoes an irreversible mechanical aging process with increasing growth rings.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Gordon Winter, Nina Eberhardt, Jessica Loeffler, Marco Raabe, Md. Noor A. Alam, Li Hao, Alireza Abaei, Hendrik Herrmann, Claudia Kuntner, Gerhard Glatting, Christoph Solbach, Fedor Jelezko, Tanja Weil, Ambros J. Beer, Volker Rasche
Summary: In this study, a preclinical PET and MR imaging platform was successfully created to evaluate the biodistribution of surface-modified nanodiamonds (NDs) over different time scales. The results showed that radiolabeled NDs rapidly accumulated in the liver and spleen, with a slight increase over time.
Review
Oncology
Dagmar Fischer, Georg Fluegen, Paul Garcia, Nassim Ghaffari-Tabrizi-Wizsy, Laura Gribaldo, Ruby Yun-Ju Huang, Volker Rasche, Domenico Ribatti, Xavier Rousset, Marta Texeira Pinto, Jean Viallet, Yan Wang, Regine Schneider-Stock
Summary: The chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model is a valuable alternative in vivo test system for studying various aspects of cancer. It can be used to investigate angiogenesis, tumor growth, immune escape, metastasis, and drug resistance. The CAM model is easily accessible due to its location and is a simple, fast, and low-cost tool for studying tumor pathology and treatment responses in vivo.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Martin Gierse, Luca Nagel, Michael Keim, Sebastian Lucas, Tobias Speidel, Tobias Lobmeyer, Gordon Winter, Felix Josten, Senay Karaali, Maximilian Fellermann, Jochen Scheuer, Christoph Mueller, Frits van Heijster, Jason Skinner, Jessica Loeffler, Anna Parker, Jonas Handwerker, Alastair Marshall, Alon Salhov, Bilal El-Kassem, Christophoros Vassiliou, John W. Blanchard, Roman Picazo-Frutos, James Eills, Holger Barth, Fedor Jelezko, Volker Rasche, Franz Schilling, Ilai Schwartz, Stephan Knecht
Summary: We propose a versatile method for preparing hyperpolarized [1-13C]fumarate as a contrast agent for preclinical MRI. We compared this method to a state-of-the-art d-DNP system and found similar polarization levels, but significantly lower preparation effort and faster dosing time for the PHIP process. The in vivo usage of hyperpolarized fumarate as a perfusion agent and the metabolic conversion of fumarate to malate in tumor-bearing mice are demonstrated.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Colmar Hilbrig, Jessica Loeffler, Gabriel Fischer, Ellen Scheidhauer, Christoph Solbach, Markus Huber-Lang, Ambros J. J. Beer, Volker Rasche, Gordon Winter
Summary: The CAM model shows promise as an alternative to mouse models in terms of the 3Rs principles. However, further evaluation is needed to determine its value in noninvasive assessment of radiolabeled macromolecules using PET and MRI. This study analyzed the biodistribution and tumor accumulation of Zr-89-labeled albumin in both CAM and mouse models, and found no significant differences in albumin influx kinetics between the two models. These findings suggest that the CAM model could be a potential alternative for initial PET studies on the characteristics of EPR-dependent target accumulation of radiolabeled macromolecules.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Dagmar Bertsche, Patrick Metze, Leonhard-Moritz Schneider, Ina Vernikouskaya, Volker Rasche
Summary: The purpose of this study is to investigate the potential benefit of motion-compensation in IGS systems. Based on patient data, the accuracy of the IGI system was assessed and it was found that motion synchronization significantly increased the accuracy. The impact of cardiac and respiratory motion on accuracy and precision was also observed.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTER ASSISTED RADIOLOGY AND SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Dagmar Bertsche, Mona Pfisterer, Tillman Dahme, Leonhard-Moritz Schneider, Patrick Metze, Ina Vernikouskaya, Volker Rasche
Summary: This study proposes an MRI-based training model for percutaneous closure of the left atrial appendage (LAA). Patient-specific silicone models of the LAA were generated using MRI data, allowing for assessment of the influence of the transseptal puncture (TSP) site on the access to patient-specific LAA shapes. The model demonstrated its usability through simulation of venous access and correct handling of the deployment catheter.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTER ASSISTED RADIOLOGY AND SURGERY
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
C. Hilbrig, J. Loeffler, H. Herrmann, C. Solbach, M. Huber-Lang, V. Rasche, A. Beer, G. Winter
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
J. Loeffler, C. Hamps, C. Solbach, M. Wirth, G. Glatting, V. Rasche, A. Beer, G. Winter
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Daniel Tews, Julian Roos, Gordon Winter, Ambros Beer, Volker Rasche, Elly Nedivi, Klaus-Michael Debatin, Martin Wabitsch, Pamela Fischer-Posovszky
HORMONE RESEARCH IN PAEDIATRICS
(2022)