Review
Cell Biology
Scott Ayton, Ashley Bush
Summary: Alzheimer's disease is a major disease without preventative or disease modifying therapy, and current drugs targeting amyloid beta have been unsuccessful in slowing cognitive decline. Debate is ongoing about whether to continue anti-A beta therapy or pursue alternative targets. The need for disease modifying AD therapies has become one of the highest priorities in all of medicine due to the growing burden of the disease on patients, families, and healthcare budgets.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2021)
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Karen H. Miga
Summary: Since the publication of the human genome in 2001, advancements in sequencing technology have filled in many of the gaps in the original sequence, leading to a deeper knowledge of genome regulation, structure, and function.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hagai Abeliovich
Summary: Mitophagy, the autophagic breakdown of mitochondria, plays vital roles in respiring eukaryotic cells. It can be categorized into quality control mitophagy and developmentally induced mitophagy. Although more studies have been done on mitophagy in mammalian cells, our understanding of mitophagy in yeast is still limited.
BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Review
Virology
Swechchha Pradhan, Arvind Varsani, Chloe Leff, Carter J. Swanson, Rizal F. Hariadi
Summary: Viral aggregation is a complex phenomenon that can affect viral infectivity. It can both promote and limit viral infections, depending on the context. Understanding viral aggregation is important for understanding the viral infection cycle and developing therapeutic interventions.
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Lauren K. Barron, Marc R. Moon
Summary: This review summarizes the recent evidence and existing recommendations for secondary prevention in patients after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). The recommendations for medical therapy are mainly based on large-scale randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses, but important characteristics of the surgical patients are often omitted, making it challenging to provide universal recommendations for all CABG patients.
CARDIOVASCULAR DRUGS AND THERAPY
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Cuckoo Teresa Jetto, Akshaya Nambiar, Ravi Manjithaya
Summary: Macroautophagy, also known as autophagy, is an evolutionary conserved intracellular pathway that degrades damaged and superfluous cellular contents. It can be selective in choosing intracellular constituents for degradation. Mitophagy, a selective autophagy pathway involved in mitochondrial turnover, is the main focus of this review. It involves a complex interplay of proteins for the selective recognition and degradation of damaged mitochondria. Mitophagy is triggered by signals of mitochondrial damage and can be dysregulated in neurodegenerative disorders.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ilya Kurbatov, Georgii Dolgalev, Viktoriia Arzumanian, Olga Kiseleva, Ekaterina Poverennaya
Summary: Increasing attention has been given to the study of protein-metabolite interactions, which are crucial for regulating protein functions and cellular processes. However, detecting and identifying these interactions is challenging due to their short-lived nature and limitations in current detection assays. Despite advances in mass spectrometry, there is still a need to improve the ability to identify and quantify protein-metabolite interactions for a comprehensive understanding of biological systems.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Ferdiana Hoti, Tanja Perko, Vasiliki Tafili, Roser Sala, Nadja Zeleznik, Yevgeniya Tomkiv, Catrinel Turcanu, Peter Thijssen, Ortwin Renn
Summary: This study examines uncertainties in radiological emergencies, highlighting issues in practical implementation of emergency actions and knowledge gaps among emergency actors. The findings can inform emergency planners on strengthening management practices and improving communication and collaboration among stakeholders.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Peter G. Kennedy, Francois Maillard
Summary: Dead microbial cells, known as necromass, are important sources of carbon and nutrients in soils. Recent studies have focused on the microbial communities associated with decomposing fungal necromass in different terrestrial ecosystems. This article highlights the ecological patterns and research frontiers of the fungal necrobiome, and suggests that combining laboratory assays with field-based surveys and experiments will enhance our understanding of its composition and role in soil biogeochemical cycling.
TRENDS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
W. Henry Boom, Ulrich E. Schaible, Jacqueline M. Achkar
Summary: Humans have been suffering from Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection for thousands of years. While most infected individuals remain asymptomatic, some can clear the infection. Successful control of Mtb infection requires the involvement of various immune mechanisms due to Mtb's ability to evade the immune system.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2021)
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Katharine Sanderson, Miryam Naddaf
Summary: UK researchers have been excluded from the scheme for two years due to disagreements over Brexit.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Massimiliano Ruscica, Cesare R. Sirtori, Alberto Corsini, Gerald F. Watts, Amirhossein Sahebkar
Summary: In the past decade, research has shown the association between high lipoprotein(a) levels and atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD), although the impact of varying molar concentrations, apo(a) isoform size, and gene variants remains controversial. While single nucleotide polymorphisms that raise lipoprotein(a) have not been found to add predictive value for ASCVD beyond lipoprotein(a) concentrations, they are still a significant confounder in identifying familial hypercholesterolemia (FH). The ongoing outcome trial with pelacarsen aims to determine if dramatically lowering lipoprotein(a) levels can reduce the risk of ASCVD.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
A. Cristina Barragan, Detlef Weigel
Summary: Plants and pathogens constantly adapt to each other, leading to a high level of diversity among NLRs in the plant immune system. With comprehensive pan-genome and pan-NLRome studies, our understanding of NLR sequence diversity is rapidly growing, providing a powerful platform for assigning NLR function.
Review
Virology
Kawthar Mohamed, Piotr Rzymski, Md Shahidul Islam, Rangarirai Makuku, Ayesha Mushtaq, Amjad Khan, Mariya Ivanovska, Sara A. Makka, Fareeda Hashem, Leander Marquez, Orsolya Cseprekal, Igor Salerno Filgueiras, Dennyson Leandro M. Fonseca, Essouma Mickael, Irene Ling, Amanuel Godana Arero, Sarah Cuschieri, Kseniia Minakova, Eduardo Rodriguez-Roman, Sunny O. Abarikwu, Attig-Bahar Faten, Giulia Grancini, Otavio Cabral-Marques, Nima Rezaei
Summary: Vaccines have brought hope to the world in controlling the COVID-19 pandemic, despite facing challenges and uncertainties such as longevity, asymptomatic spread, long-term side effects, global access and distribution, compliance with hygiene guidelines, emerging variants, and vaccine resistance. Reports show a significant decrease in the risk of COVID-19-related infection and hospitalizations, indicating the positive impact of vaccination.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
John J. Halperin, Randi Eikeland, John A. Branda, Rick Dersch
Summary: Lyme borreliosis affects the nervous system in various ways, but there are many misunderstandings and misattributions that need to be clarified through further research and diagnosis. Gaps still exist in our understanding of this disease, and basic pathophysiological principles are needed to eliminate controversies.