The ribosome uses two active mechanisms to unwind messenger RNA during translation

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Active and passive mechanisms of helicases

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Triplex structures in an RNA pseudoknot enhance mechanical stability and increase efficiency of -1 ribosomal frameshifting

(2009) G. Chen et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Following translation by single ribosomes one codon at a time

(2008) Jin-Der Wen et al.   NATURE

Non-hexameric DNA helicases and translocases: mechanisms and regulation

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Frameshifting RNA pseudoknots: Structure and mechanism

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