Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Enrico C. Nista, Tommaso Schepis, Marcello Candelli, Lucia Giuli, Giulia Pignataro, Francesco Franceschi, Antonio Gasbarrini, Veronica Ojetti
Summary: IPMN, a subtype of pancreatic cystic lesions, is a potential precursor of pancreatic cancer. Its transformation into cancer is progressive, involving low-grade dysplasia, high-grade dysplasia, and ultimately invasive cancer. High-risk and worrisome features can help predict the development of malignancy in IPMN.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Mengfei Xue, Siyuan Ye, Xiaopeng Ma, Fangfu Ye, Chen Wang, Ling Zhu, Yanlian Yang, Jianing Chen
Summary: This study demonstrates the importance of protein heterogeneity in tumor-derived small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) in cancer diagnosis. Using near-field infrared (nano-FTIR) spectroscopy, researchers were able to analyze the characteristics of individual sEVs and evaluate tumor malignancy and metastasis. The findings suggest that sEV protein heterogeneity can serve as a noninvasive biomarker for cancer diagnosis and contribute to our understanding of cancer development.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Nicolette Jeanblanc, Laurel Jackson, Susan Gawel, Susan Brophy, Shyam Vaidya, Salman Syed, Gerard J. Davis, Jeffrey A. Borgia
Summary: This report focuses on combining patient demographic information with non-invasive biomarkers to predict the risk of malignancy of nodules, providing a useful tool for early detection of lung cancer in high-risk subjects.
CLINICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Jingwen Zhang, Minjie Fu, Mengli Zhang, Jinsen Zhang, Zunguo Du, Hongyi Zhang, Wei Hua, Ying Mao
Summary: DDX60, an interferon-inducible gene, is upregulated in gliomas and may have significant implications for prognosis assessment and immune therapy in glioma patients.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Claudio Gambardella, Federico Maria Mongardini, Maddalena Paolicelli, Davide Bentivoglio, Giovanni Cozzolino, Roberto Ruggiero, Alessandra Pizza, Salvatore Tolone, Gianmattia del Genio, Simona Parisi, Luigi Brusciano, Loredana Cerbara, Ludovico Docimo, Francesco Saverio Lucido
Summary: Indeterminate follicular thyroid lesions (Thyr 3A and 3B) pose a clinical challenge due to their unpredictable behavior. This study analyzes the use of inflammatory biomarkers, specifically the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), to predict malignancy in these nodules. The NLR was found to be a useful prognostic factor for malignancy in Thyr 3B nodules. Overall, the use of NLR improves preoperative prognostication accuracy for malignancy in indeterminate thyroid nodules.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ziyuan Gao, Zhen Wu, Ying Han, Xumin Zhang, Piliang Hao, Mingming Xu, Shan Huang, Shuwei Li, Jun Xia, Junhong Jiang, Shuang Yang
Summary: Aberrant glycosylation is a hallmark of cancer, and it has been found that there are changes in saliva glycosylation in lung cancer patients. Saliva contains highly glycosylated glycoproteins that may be related to various diseases. Studying the glycosylation of saliva glycoproteins can help reveal the unique characteristics of tumor glycosylation for early diagnosis of lung cancer.
Article
Oncology
Kristin J. Lastwika, Wei Wu, Yuzheng Zhang, Ningxin Ma, Mladen Zecevic, Sudhakar N. J. Pipavath, Timothy W. Randolph, A. McGarry Houghton, Viswam S. Nair, Paul D. Lampe, Paul E. Kinahan
Summary: This study comprehensively evaluated noninvasive information to help diagnose lung cancer in patients with indeterminate pulmonary nodules. A malignancy risk prediction model called PSR (plasma, semantic, radiomic) was created, which performed well in two cohorts and against a clinical risk prediction model. Adding known clinical risk factors improved the model's accuracy and revealed novel biomarkers with independent clinical utility.
Article
Oncology
Natasa Prvulovic Bunovic, Olivera Sveljo, Dusko Kozic, Jasmina Boban
Summary: Contemporary MRI of the breast is highly accurate for cancer detection. This study investigated the potential of using 1H-MRS to distinguish between malignant and benign breast lesions, with elevated choline peak serving as a useful imaging biomarker.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Flavia E. Rius, Debora D. Papaiz, Hatylas F. Z. Azevedo, Ana Luisa P. Ayub, Diogo O. Pessoa, Tiago F. Oliveira, Ana Paula M. Loureiro, Fernando Andrade, Andre Fujita, Eduardo M. Reis, Christopher E. Mason, Miriam G. Jasiulionis
Summary: This study identified novel CpG methylation markers associated with malignancy and metastasis in melanoma. These markers were correlated with melanoma prognosis and could improve survival prediction.
CLINICAL EPIGENETICS
(2022)
Article
Geography, Physical
Jonathan D. Phillips
Summary: Hurricane Florence in September 2018 had severe impacts on the lower Neuse River and Neuse estuary in North Carolina, despite being a minor storm in terms of traditional storm intensity indicators. The storm's effects were influenced by recent trends in tropical cyclone activity, geographic settings, and synoptic conditions. Unique geomorphic changes were observed, such as erosion of estuarine shoreline bluffs and transformations of freshwater swamps, mainly due to the unusually high and long duration of storm surge caused by Florence.
Article
Oncology
Jenny Sprooten, Ann Vankerckhoven, Isaure Vanmeerbeek, Daniel M. Borras, Yani Berckmans, Roxanne Wouters, Raquel S. Laureano, Thais Baert, Louis Boon, Chiara Landolfo, Antonia Carla Testa, Daniela Fischerova, Caroline Van Holsbeke, Tom Bourne, Valentina Chiappa, Wouter Froyman, Dominique Schols, Patrizia Agostinis, Dirk Timmerman, Sabine Tejpar, Ignace Vergote, An Coosemans, Abhishek D. Garg
Summary: The study established a novel biomarker resource for serum screening in patients with ovarian cancer to evaluate peripheral immunodynamics, patient survival trends, malignancy risk, and preclinical chemo-immunotherapy strategies. The in silico data-driven framework predicted that analysis of myeloid NF kappa B signaling and interferon-stimulated genes' responses could capture patients' peripheral immunodynamics effectively. Multiparametric serum profiling of patients with ovarian cancer showed that the sFIS assay can decode peripheral immunology, estimate survival trends, and co-estimate malignancy risk.
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Elham Khodayari Moez, Matthew T. Warkentin, Yonathan Brhane, Stephen Lam, John K. Field, Geoffrey Liu, Javier J. Zulueta, Karmele Valencia, Miguel Mesa-Guzman, Andrea Pasquier Nialet, Sukhinder Atkar-Khattra, Michael P. A. Davies, Benjamin Grant, Kiera Murison, Luis M. Montuenga, Christopher Amos, Hilary A. Robbins, Mattias Johansson, Rayjean J. Hung
Summary: The study found that circulating protein markers can help differentiate malignant from benign pulmonary nodules. Using blood samples from international low-dose computed tomography screening studies, 36 potential protein markers were identified. The protein burden scores for overall nodule malignancy and imminent tumors were summarized, with a focus on the significantly higher scores for malignant nodules in LungRADS category 4. However, further validation is needed before clinical implementation.
JNCI-JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Emanuela Fina, Davide Federico, Pierluigi Novellis, Elisa Dieci, Simona Monterisi, Federica Cioffi, Giuseppe Mangiameli, Giovanna Finocchiaro, Marco Alloisio, Giulia Veronesi
Summary: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally. This study focused on analyzing circulating tumor cells in patients with non-small cell lung cancer to develop a blood-based diagnostic test and identify those at risk of disease recurrence. Detection of circulating tumor cells was found to predict the risk of disease recurrence, highlighting the potential of cell-based tests for screening programs.
Article
Oncology
Rhiane Moody, Kirsty Wilson, Nirmala Chandralega Kampan, Orla M. McNally, Thomas W. Jobling, Anthony Jaworowski, Andrew N. Stephens, Magdalena Plebanski
Summary: Autoantibodies recognizing phosphorylated heat shock factor 1 (HSF1-PO4) are proposed as potential new diagnostic biomarkers for early-stage high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC). Specific regions within HSF1 were identified, confirmed as useful biomarkers with comparable diagnostic potential to the full protein. Antibody responses to HSF1-PO4 and corresponding peptides increased post chemotherapy, suggesting these short peptide sequences could support early diagnosis or monitor responses to treatment.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Zhuang-Li Tang, Chao-Cheng Chi, Zhen-Wei Tang, Xia-Wei Li, Xiao-Yong Man
Summary: This study aimed to describe the demographics and phenotypes of malignancies-associated dermatomyositis (MADM) in east China, and establish a predictive model to identify potential factors indicative of malignancies in patients with dermatomyositis. The clinical data of 134 patients with adult-onset dermatomyositis were retrospectively analyzed, and a multivariable multinomial logistic regression model was established to predict cancer risks. The results showed that senior diagnostic age, higher LDH and ferritin levels, and positive anti-TIF1 & gamma; and anti-Mi2 autoantibodies were positive indicators of malignancies. The model had satisfactory sensitivity and specificity in predicting the phenotypes of dermatomyositis.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2023)