Review
Nuclear Science & Technology
Tonni Agustiono Kurniawan, Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan Othman, Deepak Singh, Ram Avtar, Goh Hui Hwang, Tjandra Setiadi, Wai-hung Lo
Summary: Nuclear power is a sustainable energy option, but it generates radioactive waste during electricity production. Various technologies, including vitrification, partitioning and transmutation, pyro-processing, and deep geological repository, are reviewed for long-term storage of partially used nuclear fuel. While deep geological repository may be convenient and economical in the short-term, complete recycling of nuclear waste is considered the best option in the long-term.
ANNALS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Studies
Timothy J. Foley
Summary: This article examines the issues related to nuclear waste disposal, focusing on Finland's Onkalo nuclear fuel repository and its deep-time policy making process. It discusses the impact of progressive and precautionary imaginaries on long-term policy decisions, highlighting the predominance of the precautionary imaginary in Finland's approach to this issue.
ENERGY RESEARCH & SOCIAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
U. M. Leksina, A. Y. Shishov, V. V. Mulloyarova, A. M. Puzyk, P. M. Tolstoy, M. F. Vokuev, E. D. Glushkov, V. G. Petrov, P. I. Matveev
Summary: In this study, a new class of deep eutectic solvents was synthesized and used for efficient extraction of pertechnetate anion from high-level waste imitator and sea water imitator. Diphenyl guanidine was investigated as a hydrogen bond acceptor with high extraction ability. Natural fatty acid and natural terpene were studied as hydrogen bond donors. The structure, properties, viscosity, and stability of the obtained eutectic solvents were characterized. The new solvents demonstrated high radiation resistance and efficient extraction of pertechnetate anion from acidic media, providing a potential solution to technological and radiation safety issues.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Gourav Khullar, Brian Nord, Aleksandra Ciprijanovic, Jason Poh, Fei Xu
Summary: By combining simulation-based inference (SBI) and amortized neural posterior estimation (NPE), we propose an efficient framework for analyzing and inferring galaxy spectral energy distributions (SEDs) with physically interpretable uncertainties. Our study demonstrates the feasibility of SBI and its advantages in terms of speed and uncertainty quantification compared to traditional methods.
MACHINE LEARNING-SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Asmaa Shehata, Mamadou Fall, Christian Detellier, Mohammed Alzamel
Summary: Groundwater chemistry has a significant impact on the swelling characteristics of bentonite-sand material, with the swelling ability significantly decreasing as groundwater chemistry changes. The mineralogical composition of bentonite is altered by the groundwater chemistry in southwestern Ontario, Canada, resulting in decreased swelling capacity.
BULLETIN OF ENGINEERING GEOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lindsay M. Krall, Allison M. Macfarlane, Rodney C. Ewing
Summary: Small modular reactor designs increase the volume of nuclear waste and do not reduce the generation of radioactive elements. The challenges of nuclear waste management and disposal will be exacerbated by neutron leakage in SMRs.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Economics
Pauli Lappi, Jussi Lintunen
Summary: This paper analyzes the socially optimal operation of nuclear plants and management of nuclear waste, deriving two waiting rules for electricity production continuation and waste disposal dates. It also explores various regulatory options and concludes that storing waste in above-ground facilities is optimal for interest rates above one percent.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Lukas M. Keller
Summary: The Opalinus Clay unit in Switzerland was selected as the host rock for a repository for nuclear waste. X-ray images of drill cores were statistically analyzed to understand the compositional variations. To predict the behavior of the repository, effective properties of Opalinus Clay need to be known, but a single sample does not provide a reliable mean composition due to the variation of composition in different layers. Therefore, several handleable samples must be averaged. CT values of X-ray data were calibrated with respect to rock composition, but using data from different rock types can lead to erroneous results.
FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
C. L. Thorpe, R. Crawford, R. J. Hand, J. T. Radford, C. L. Corkhill, C. I. Pearce, J. J. Neeway, A. E. Plymale, A. A. Kruger, K. Morris, C. Boothman, J. R. Lloyd
Summary: The presence of phosphorus in borosilicate and iron-phosphate glasses affects their dissolution rates. Organic carbon breakdown increases dissolution, while microbial reduction of Fe(II) slows it down and interaction of Fe(III) accelerates it. Phosphorus addition has no significant effect on microbial species, but enhances microbial community diversity.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Kunsen Lin, Tao Zhou, Xiaofeng Gao, Zongshen Li, Huabo Duan, Huanyu Wu, Guanyou Lu, Youcai Zhao
Summary: This study develops an efficient method to sort Construction and Demolition (C&D) waste using deep learning and knowledge transfer approach. The CVGGNet-16 model shows excellent performance in various types of C&D waste, paving the way for better waste management.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Kunsen Lin, Youcai Zhao, Xiaofeng Gao, Meilan Zhang, Chunlong Zhao, Lu Peng, Qian Zhang, Tao Zhou
Summary: This study proposes an intelligent and efficient method, RWNet models, based on deep learning for recyclable waste sorting. Results show that the RWNet models have good performance and can automatically sort most of the recyclable waste.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Microbiology
Qichao Zhang, Yishan Jiang, Xin Zhao, Jizhou Duan, Luning Chen, Ying Xu
Summary: The large amount of nuclear waste produced in the process of nuclear energy utilization has always been a key problem to be urgently solved. Deep geological disposal is a feasible method and widely accepted. The corrosion behavior of container materials in the deep geological environment, especially the impact of microorganisms, is a research hotspot.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Guilin Wei, Xiaoyan Shu, Mingfen Wen, Yuexiang Lu, Tao Duan, Shunzhang Chen, Hexi Tang, Jing Chen, Faqin Dong, Yi Xie, Yang He, Xirui Lu
Summary: This study investigates the mechanism of nuclear waste immobilization using Gd2Zr2O7 ceramic, demonstrating that high sintering temperature promotes transformation and increases chemical stability of the matrices for radioactive waste.
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Kunsen Lin, Tao Zhou, Xiaofeng Gao, Zongshen Li, Huabo Duan, Huanyu Wu, Guanyou Lu, Youcai Zhao
Summary: The study introduces the use of CVGGNet models for efficient sorting of Construction and Demolition (C&D) waste, incorporating knowledge transfer and data augmentation techniques for optimal performance. Among the CVGGNet models, CVGGNet-16 exhibits outstanding performance in classifying various types of C&D waste, achieving higher accuracy and overall performance compared to other models.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Nailia Rakhimova
Summary: Since the emergence of nuclear waste conditioning, cementation has become an important part of waste management due to its simplicity and versatility. The development of cementation technique is driven by the improvement and expansion of efficient cementitious materials for nuclear waste solidification. Advances in cement theory and technology have significantly improved nuclear waste cementation, waste forms quality, waste loading rates, and the reliability of the nuclear industry.
