Article
Mathematics, Applied
Rossella Della Marca, Maria da Piedade Machado Ramos, Carolina Ribeiro, Ana Jacinta Soares
Summary: In this study, a mathematical model of cellular interactions in autoimmune diseases exhibiting recurrent dynamics is constructed. The model captures the chronic behavior of many autoimmune diseases.
MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN THE APPLIED SCIENCES
(2022)
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hideyuki Takahashi, Stephen M. Strittmatter
Summary: Protein fibrils are known to accumulate in the brain during neurodegeneration, and now cryo-electron microscopy has revealed the high-resolution structures of TMEM106B fibrils, which were not previously thought to accumulate.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Jiri Fischer, Michaela Turcanova, Vojtech Man, Marketa Hermanova, Zdenek Bednarik, Jiri Bursa
Summary: This study compares the stresses and strains in the aortic wall using different constitutive models. It finds that none of the tested models can provide a good fit to histologically obtained structural parameters. By modifying the models and adding additional members based on the Yeoh model, a perfect fit to the measured data is achieved while maintaining the structural histology-based parameters. Simulations of different tests show significant differences in compliance and resulting stresses and strains between different models.
JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Biology
Rakesh Pandey, Amit Jangid, Ramalakshmi Gayathri Vinjamuri, Ramakrishna Ramaswamy
Summary: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is an immune-driven inflammatory skin disease with a high prevalence in the human population. The transition from acute to chronic phase of AD is still poorly understood. A mathematical model suggests that increasing the level of cytokine IFNy can catalyze the transition to chronic phase, while increasing the level of cytokine IL-4 has the opposite effect. This bistable behavior can potentially be used to keep AD in the acute phase through therapy targeting IFNy.
JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Adriana Cherskov, Nenad Sestan
Summary: This high-throughput technique screens genes implicated in neurodevelopmental diseases in 3D cell cultures, revealing a potential mechanism involved in a rare disorder known as microcephaly. The CRISPR-based organoid screen targets genes linked to microcephaly.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Liangyong Yu, Ran Li, Xiangrui Zeng, Hongyi Wang, Jie Jin, Yang Ge, Rui Jiang, Min Xu
Summary: Utilizing deep learning for cross-domain subtomogram classification faces challenges, but by leveraging the distribution of unlabeled target domain data and the correlation between the source domain dataset and a few labeled target domain data, significant improvements can be achieved.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ken Massy, Ronny Friedrich, Alissa Mittnik, Philipp W. Stockhammer
Summary: This article demonstrates the potential of combining relative chronological information with absolute radiocarbon dates to improve age determinations. Through Bayesian interpretation and using artificial pedigrees, it shows that the combination of relationship information with radiocarbon dates improves age determination by 20 to 50% in many cases. The study also discusses the application of this method in selected case studies of Early Bronze Age Southern Germany.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Francesco Oliva, Francesco Musiani, Alejandro Giorgetti, Silvia De Rubeis, Oksana Sorokina, Douglas J. J. Armstrong, Paolo Carloni, Paolo Ruggerone
Summary: The integration of human disease-related mutation data into protein structures is crucial for accurately assessing the impact of the mutation. Identifying the isoforms onto which mutations should be mapped is a key preliminary step in structural modelling due to the presence of functionally different protein isoforms from the same gene. To automate this challenging task for large datasets, the MoNvIso code is presented, which identifies the most suitable isoform for computational modelling by balancing mutation coverage and template availability for structural model construction of both wild-type and variant isoforms.
FRONTIERS IN CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Maria Gnoli, Evelise Brizola, Morena Tremosini, Elena Pedrini, Margherita Maioli, Massimiliano Mosca, Alessandra Bassotti, Paola Castronovo, Cecilia Giunta, Luca Sangiorgi
Summary: COL1-related overlap disorders, including Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI), Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS), and overlapping syndromes, represent a continuum of clinical phenotypes related to collagen type I mutations. In some cases, patients may carry pathogenic variants associated with both OI and EDS, leading to overlapping clinical manifestations.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wolfram Liebermeister
Summary: The Structural Thermokinetic Modelling (STM) framework is a method for translating metabolic networks into dynamic models, utilizing a dependence schema and probability distributions for probabilistic predictions, emphasizing the importance of biological variables and the effects of consistent reversible rate laws.
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Michael Eisenstein
Summary: Scientists need to demonstrate the preservation of intact samples upon impact in order to link mass spectroscopy with cryo-electron microscopy and transform the understanding of complex protein structures.
Review
Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
Lourenco Corte Vieira, Rafael S. Costa, Duarte Valerio
Summary: Cancer, as a complex disease, has a significant impact on global mortality. Mathematical techniques, including fractional calculus, have been increasingly used in cancer modelling to study its intricate phenomena and improve understanding. This review provides an overview of the main trends and categories in cancer research, highlighting the growing application of fractional calculus in mathematical modelling. The review also outlines key research questions, challenges, and future perspectives.
FRACTAL AND FRACTIONAL
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Shira N. Johnston, Vedavathi Madhu, Irving M. Shapiro, Makarand Risbud
Summary: HIF-2α loss in the nucleus pulposus tissue does not negatively impact cell survival or affect compartment development, but rather improves morphological attributes of the intervertebral disc and mitigates tissue fibrosis. However, these differences are no longer apparent in the aging stage, indicating that aging is the dominant factor in disc health.
JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Keri Callegari, Sabyasachi Dash, Hiroki Uchida, Yuto Shingai, Catherine Liu, Anne Khodarkovskaya, Yunkyoung Lee, Akira Ito, Amanda Lopez, Tuo Zhang, Jenny Xiang, Michael J. Kluk, Teresa Sanchez
Summary: Stroke-induced cerebral microvascular dysfunction aggravates neuronal injury and affects the efficacy of reperfusion therapies. Studying molecular changes in cerebral microvessels during stroke can lead to new therapeutic strategies. By analyzing mouse stroke microvessels and human stroke lesions, we identified common alterations and molecular features related to vascular disease, endothelial activation, and sphingolipid metabolism and signaling. Our study provides valuable insights for the development of neurovascular protection in stroke and other conditions with cerebral microvascular dysfunction.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Dermatology
Victor A. Eng, Daniel C. Solis, Emily S. Gorell, Sara Choi, Jaron Nazaroff, Shufeng Li, Mark P. de Souza, Dedee F. Murrell, M. Peter Marinkovich, Jean Y. Tang
Summary: The study revealed a significant correlation between skin disease severity and quality of life in patients with recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa. Symptoms like pain and itch were associated with worsening skin disease severity, while larger wound size was linked to worse quality of life.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY
(2021)
