Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Fahad Rashid, James Berger
Summary: High-resolution structures of bacterial Rho protein in complex with an RNA polymerase enzyme and partner proteins confirm the long-held model of Rho's role in gene transcription termination.
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Leonid A. Mirny
Summary: The study reveals that loop extrusion, essential for chromosome folding and function, also plays a crucial part in repairing double-strand DNA breaks.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Stanislav Kolencik, Kevin P. Johnson, Avery R. Grant, Michel P. Valim, Kamila M. D. Kuabara, Jason D. Weckstein, Julie M. Allen
Summary: This study evaluates the status of different genera within the avian feather louse Philopterus-complex using DNA sequence data. The analysis suggests that some genera are monophyletic while others are not. This is the largest phylogenetic reconstruction of avian lice in the Philopterus-complex to date and highlights the need for further revision of genera in the group.
MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS AND EVOLUTION
(2022)
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alexander Goedel, Fredrik Lanner
Summary: The molecular mechanisms involved in human gastrulation, a crucial stage in early embryonic development, have been largely elusive, but gene-expression data from a gastrulating human embryo shed light on this process.
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Orsolya Barabas, Phoebe A. A. Rice
Summary: CRISPR-Cas is a bacterial defense system that can either protect host cells by attacking invading DNA or assist in the safe insertion of DNA into the genome. The structures of this specific type of CRISPR-Cas system have been successfully visualized.
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Felicia Kuperwaser, Itai Yanai
Summary: A comprehensive cell atlas of gene expression and regulation in human embryos has provided a unique opportunity for innovative investigation of development through multi-organ and multi-modal analysis.
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Pavel V. Baranov, John F. Atkins
Summary: Messenger RNA has 64 possible codons, three of which usually stop protein synthesis. However, certain organisms can utilize all codons to determine amino acids, partially due to an unexpected characteristic of transfer RNA.
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alison Abbott
Summary: Researchers are interested in understanding the reasons behind cell secretion of vesicles and the functions of these vesicles during delivery.
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ronald Cutler, Jan Vijg
Summary: The study has shown that radiation-damaged paternal DNA causes embryos of the second generation of nematode worms, but not the first, to die. The proposed mechanisms explain why this effect is not observed in humans.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Paul Joshua Hurst, Justin T. Mulvey, Rebecca A. Bone, Serxho Selmani, Redford F. Hudson, Zhibin Guan, Jason R. Green, Joseph P. Patterson
Summary: Inspired by biological materials, researchers have developed chemically driven self-assembly processes that can create transient supramolecular structures. The dynamics of these processes differ from conventional thermodynamically stable assemblies. Through time-resolved cryoEM analysis, the researchers found that the synchronous process of chemically driven self-assembly is more complex and heterogeneous than the sequential process. They also discovered that the synchronous process can sustain a thermodynamically unstable nanorod phase for several hours. This finding suggests that chemically driven self-assembly can create sustained morphologies not seen in thermodynamically stable assemblies by stabilizing transient intermediates kinetically.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Charlotte Hodson, Jason K. K. Low, Sylvie van Twest, Samuel E. Jones, Paolo Swuec, Vincent Murphy, Kaima Tsukada, Matthew Fawkes, Rohan Bythell-Douglas, Adelina Davies, Jessica K. Holien, Julienne J. O'Rourke, Benjamin L. Parker, Astrid Glaser, Michael W. Parker, Joel P. Mackay, Andrew N. Blackford, Alessandro Costa, Andrew J. Deans
Summary: The RecQ-like helicase BLM cooperates with topoisomerase IIIa to dissolve double Holliday junctions in homologous recombination. Mutations in the Bloom syndrome complex can cause genome instability and cancer susceptibility, including breast cancer.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Luciana Bonome Zeminian de Oliveira, Amanda Manoel Della Coletta, Taiane Priscila Gardizani, Hans Garcia Garces, Eduardo Bagagli, Luciana Trilles, Ligia Vizeu Barrozo, Silvio de Alencar Marques, Julio De Faveri, Luciane Alarcao Dias-Melicio
Summary: Paracoccidioidomycosis is the most prevalent systemic mycosis in Latin America. Recent studies have identified three cryptic species in addition to Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. Through analysis of biopsy samples from patients, it has been found that P. brasiliensis is the predominant species in the Sao Paulo State region.
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Marina. G. G. Guenza
Summary: Many biological processes rely on protein aggregates that have dynamic behaviors spanning different scales. A clever combination of spectroscopy and simulation can be used to investigate these diverse dynamics.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Bryan A. Adriaanse, Sinead Brady, Minghui Wang, Daniel J. Beard, Jonathan I. Spencer, Jonathan Pansieri, Brad A. Sutherland, Margaret M. Esiri, Alastair M. Buchan, Zameel Cader, Bin Zhang, Gabriele C. DeLuca
Summary: This study investigates the selective vulnerability of hippocampal CA1 neurons in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), and suggests that dysregulation of TSC1 may be the main reason for this vulnerability. Further experiments also showed that loss of TSC1 leads to cell death and changes in AD-related pathways. The findings suggest that dysregulation of TSC1 is a key factor in the selective vulnerability of hippocampal neurons in AD.
NEUROPATHOLOGY AND APPLIED NEUROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alisha N. Jones, Andre Mourao, Anna Czarna, Alex Matsuda, Roberto Fino, Krzysztof Pyrc, Michael Sattler, Grzegorz M. Popowicz
Summary: The replication complex (RC) of SARS-CoV-2 has a fast RNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity, resulting in highly variable genomic sequences. This study characterized the RNA template recognition and elongation fidelity of SARS-CoV-2 RdRp and the role of the exonuclease, nsp14, through biochemical experiments. The results highlight the importance of the 2' OH group in RdRp template recognition and elongation, and suggest the potential use of 3' deoxy-terminator nucleotides as antivirals against SARS-CoV-2.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)