Article
Neurosciences
Liping Pan, Jiajing Wang, Wenjuan Wu, Yunfan Wang, Yujing Zhu, Yijun Song
Summary: This study investigated the effects of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) on working memory (WM) in refractory temporal lobe epilepsy (rTLE) patients and its underlying mechanisms. The results showed that after 20 weeks of taVNS, the reaction time of working memory was significantly reduced, and the power spectral density of the theta frequency band in the frontal midline also decreased significantly.
CNS NEUROSCIENCE & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yu-Shiuan Lin, Janine Weibel, Hans-Peter Landolt, Francesco Santini, Helen Slawik, Stefan Borgwardt, Christian Cajochen, Carolin Franziska Reichert
Summary: Acute caffeine intake increases brain activity related to working memory (WM) in healthy adults, but does not improve behavioral performance. The impact of daily caffeine intake and discontinuation on WM and its neural correlates is unknown. This study investigated WM functions in young healthy non-smokers under caffeine, placebo, and withdrawal conditions. Participants showed higher error rates and longer reaction times in the caffeine condition compared to placebo. Task-related brain activity did not differ significantly among the three conditions. Interestingly, reduced hippocampal activity was observed in the caffeine condition. These findings suggest that daily caffeine intake may impede the increased demands for WM function observed after acute caffeine intake, and highlight the importance of classifying the impacts of caffeine on different populations.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Respiratory System
Martijn van Beers, Sarah W. Mount, Katrijn Houben, Harry R. Gosker, Lisanne Schuurman, Frits M. E. Franssen, Daisy J. A. Janssen, Annemie M. W. J. Schols
Summary: Working memory training in patients with COPD can improve performance on trained tasks, but does not significantly impact overall cognitive performance, healthy lifestyle behaviors, or cognitive stress susceptibility.
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Leonard Bauersfeld, Angel Romero, Manasi Muglikar, Davide Scaramuzza
Summary: In this study, a transformer-based neural network architecture is proposed to attribute an anonymous manuscript to an author using only the text content and author names. The largest authorship-identification dataset to date was created by leveraging over 2 million publicly available research papers on arXiv. The method achieves an unprecedented authorship attribution accuracy, correctly attributing up to 73% of papers in subsets with up to 2,000 different authors.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Liyun Zhen, Zengda Liu, Zhitian Liu, Qi Wang, Jingquan Liu, Zhengrong Yao, Bin Yang
Summary: This article reports a simple and low-cost strategy to realize a high-performance flexible piezoelectric sensor array with high sensitivity and density. The sensor array is analyzed and characterized through sound pressure measurement and motion monitoring. It exhibits high sensitivity and an ultralow detection limit, making it suitable for smart wearable electronics and human-machine interaction.
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Sanjeev Kumar, Reza Zomorrodi, Zaid Ghazala, Michelle S. Goodman, Daniel M. Blumberger, Zafiris J. Daskalakis, Corinne E. Fischer, Benoit H. Mulsant, Bruce G. Pollock, Tarek K. Rajji
Summary: This study investigated the impact of repetitive paired associative stimulation (rPAS) on dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) plasticity and working memory performance in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. The results showed no significant differences between the active and control rPAS groups in DLPFC plasticity or working memory performance. However, post hoc analyses revealed improvements in the rPAS group on post-rPAS day 1.
INTERNATIONAL PSYCHOGERIATRICS
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Federico Cavanna, Stephanie Muller, Laura Alethia de la Fuente, Federico Zamberlan, Matias Palmucci, Lucie Janeckova, Martin Kuchar, Carla Pallavicini, Enzo Tagliazucchi
Summary: The use of low sub-perceptual doses of psychedelics, known as microdosing, has become popular in recent years. However, there is a lack of placebo-controlled studies on microdosing and its effects. A new study recruited individuals who were starting to microdose with psilocybin mushrooms and found that it had noticeable subjective effects and altered EEG rhythms, but without evidence to support enhanced well-being, creativity and cognitive function.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Mariela Rance, Zhiying Zhao, Brian Zaboski, Stephen A. Kichuk, Emma Romaker, William N. Koller, Christopher Walsh, Cheyenne Harris-Starling, Suzanne Wasylink, Thomas Adams Jr, Patricia Gruner, Christopher Pittenger, Michelle Hampson
Summary: This study aimed to use fMRI neurofeedback as a treatment for OCD. The results showed that neurofeedback targeting the aPFC can reduce symptoms in OCD, but did not significantly affect control over the aPFC. Future studies should optimize the training protocol and clarify the mechanism of action.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Substance Abuse
Maria Stein, Leila M. Soravia, Raphaela M. Tschuemperlin, Hallie M. Batschelet, Joshua Jaeger, Susanne Roesner, Anne Keller, Juan Martin Gomez Penedo, Reinout W. Wiers, Franz Moggi
Summary: This study compared two versions of alcohol-specific inhibition training (Alc-IT) in a clinical sample of patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD), and assessed two potential working mechanisms: stimulus devaluation and inhibitory enhancement. The results showed that the improved Alc-IT with higher inhibitory demands significantly increased the percentage of days abstinent at 3-month follow-up for patients with severe AUD, indicating an inhibitory working mechanism.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Chen Chen, Xiaolong Zhao, Xiaohu Hou, Shunjie Yu, Rui Chen, Xuanze Zhou, Pengju Tan, Qi Liu, Wenxiang Mu, Zhitai Jia, Guangwei Xu, Xutang Tao, Shibing Long
Summary: The research achieved an ultrasensitive two-terminal photodetector based on beta-Ga2O3 microflake with extremely low working voltage and power consumption, demonstrating superexcellent photodetection performance and sensitivity beyond the traditional tradeoff between power consumption and photoresponse performance.
IEEE ELECTRON DEVICE LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Stephen A. Harrison, Federico Perez Manghi, William B. Smith, Diana Alpenidze, Diego Aizenberg, Naomi Klarenbeek, Chi-Yi Chen, Eli Zuckerman, Eric Ravussin, Phunchai Charatcharoenwitthaya, Pin-Nan Cheng, Helena Katchman, Samuel Klein, Ziv Ben-Ari, Anisha E. Mendonza, Yiming Zhang, Miljen Martic, Shenglin Ma, Sheena Kao, Sandra Tanner, Alok Pachori, Michael K. Badman, YanLing He, Chinweike Ukomadu, Eric Sicard
Summary: In patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), the use of licogliflozin led to reductions in serum alanine aminotransferase levels, suggesting it could be a potential therapeutic option. However, further studies are needed to validate these findings and evaluate its combination with other drugs.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Qingyu Xia, Yuanming Ding, Ran Zhang, Minti Liu, Huiting Zhang, Xiaoqi Dong
Summary: This paper proposes an independent component analysis method based on the double-mutant butterfly optimization algorithm, which successfully achieves blind source separation of signals with high separation performance. By introducing the differential evolution operator and the sine cosine operator, the local search capability of the algorithm is enhanced.
Article
Psychiatry
Eleanor J. Cole, Angela L. Phillips, Brandon S. Bentzley, Katy H. Stimpson, Romina Nejad, Fahim Barmak, Clive Veerapal, Naushaba Khan, Kirsten Cherian, Emily Felber, Randi Brown, Elizabeth Choi, Sinead King, Heather Pankow, James H. Bishop, Azeezat Azeez, John Coetzee, Rachel Rapier, Nicole Odenwald, David Carreon, Jessica Hawkins, Maureen Chang, Jennifer Keller, Kristin Raj, Charles DeBattista, Booil Jo, Flint M. Espil, Alan F. Schatzberg, Keith D. Sudheimer, Nolan R. Williams
Summary: Stanford Neuromodulation Therapy (SNT), a high-dose intermittent theta-burst stimulation (iTBS) protocol with functional-connectivity-guided targeting, has shown promising efficacy in the treatment of treatment-resistant depression.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Physics, Applied
Yi Zhou, Yuqi Wang, Liya Jian, Geng Chen, Shiming Liu
Summary: A new double-server blind quantum computation protocol based on GHZ state is proposed, which overcomes the limitation of existing protocols and maintains security.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Martin Magner, Katerina Thorova, Veronika Zupova, Milan Houska, Ivana Svandova, Pavla Novotna, Jan Triska, Nadezda Vrchotova, Ivo Soural, Ladislav Jilek
Summary: This study examined the effects of sulforaphane on autistic behavior in children aged 3-7 years with autism spectrum disorder. However, the results showed no significant improvement in the behavioral outcome measures after 36 weeks of treatment with sulforaphane.
