期刊
NANO LETTERS
卷 15, 期 1, 页码 359-364出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/nl503654t
关键词
Earnshaws theorem; Magnetic targeting; concentrating magnetic nanoparticles; deep targeting; ferromagnetic rods; nanoparticles; pulsed magnetic fields
类别
资金
- National Institutes of Health (NIH) [1R21CA140068-01, 1R41DC013534-01A1, 1R43CA174280, 5R42NS073289]
- National Science Foundation (NSF) [NSF 1261938]
- NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE [R43CA174280, R21CA140068] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS AND STROKE [R42NS073289] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DEAFNESS AND OTHER COMMUNICATION DISORDERS [R41DC013534] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
The ability to use magnets external to the body to focus therapy to deep tissue targets has remained an elusive goal in magnetic drug targeting. Researchers have hitherto been able to manipulate magnetic nanotherapeutics in vivo with nearby magnets but have remained unable to focus these therapies to targets deep within the body using magnets external to the body. One of the factors that has made focusing of therapy to central targets between magnets challenging is Samuel Earnshaws theorem as applied to Maxwells equations. These mathematical formulations imply that external static magnets cannot create a stable potential energy well between them. We posited that fast magnetic pulses could act on ferromagnetic rods before they could realign with the magnetic field. Mathematically, this is equivalent to reversing the sign of the potential energy term in Earnshaws theorem, thus enabling a quasi-static stable trap between magnets. With in vitro experiments, we demonstrated that quick, shaped magnetic pulses can be successfully used to create inward pointing magnetic forces that, on average, enable external magnets to concentrate ferromagnetic rods to a central location.
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