Article
Oncology
Viktoria Marquardt, Johanna Theruvath, David Pauck, Daniel Picard, Nan Qin, Lena Bluemel, Mara Maue, Jasmin Bartl, Ulvi Ahmadov, Maike Langini, Frauke-Dorothee Meyer, Allison Cole, Joselyn Cruz-Cruz, Claus M. Graef, Matthias Woelfl, Till Milde, Olaf Witt, Anat Erdreich-Epstein, Gabriel Leprivier, Ulf Kahlert, Anja Stefanski, Kai Stuehler, Stephen T. Keir, Darell D. Bigner, Julia Hauer, Thomas Beez, Christiane B. Knobbe-Thomsen, Ute Fischer, Jörg Felsberg, Finn K. Hansen, Rajeev Vibhakar, Sujatha Venkatraman, Samuel H. Cheshier, Guido Reifenberger, Arndt Borkhardt, Thomas Kurz, Marc Remke, Siddhartha Mitra
Summary: In this study, the researchers discovered that the inhibitor CI-994, which targets epigenetic modifiers, has significant therapeutic effects on MYC-driven medulloblastoma. By modulating the CD47-SIRP alpha phagocytosis checkpoint pathway and enhancing macrophage phagocytosis, CI-994 provides a new strategy to enhance cancer immunotherapy responses.
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Larisa Janzic, Jernej Repas, Mojca Pavlin, Spela Zemljic-Jokhadar, Alojz Ihan, Andreja Natasa Kopitar
Summary: This study investigated the impact of 12 different genotyped GBS isolates on the immune response of THP-1 macrophages. The results showed isolate-specific differences in phagocytic uptake, co-stimulatory molecule expression, metabolism, and cytotoxicity, suggesting variations between GBS isolates in their invasiveness and colonization potential.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Chien-Ying Lee, Yung-Chuan Ho, Shiuan-Shinn Lee, Yi-Ching Li, Mei-Yu Lai, Yu-Hsiang Kuan
Summary: This study aims to clarify the mechanisms underlying HEMA-induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis in macrophages. The results showed that HEMA induced concentration-dependent cell toxicity and mediated genotoxicity and apoptosis through mitochondrial dysfunction, intrinsic caspase pathway activation, and intracellular reactive oxygen species accumulation.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
V. Sokolova, K. Lozaa, J. F. Ebel, J. Buer, A. M. Westendorf, M. Epple
Summary: The cytotoxicity and cellular uptake of spherical barium sulphate microparticles were investigated in three different cell lines, and it was found that the microparticles were easily taken up by all cell types, mainly through phagocytosis and micropinocytosis. This has important implications in biomaterials science.
ACTA BIOMATERIALIA
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Julie Devcic, Manon Dussol, Veronique Collin-Faure, Julien Perard, Daphna Fenel, Guy Schoehn, Marie Carriere, Thierry Rabilloud, Bastien Dalzon
Summary: This study investigated the effects of cobalt and zinc-based pigments on macrophages and found that these pigments can induce functional disorders and have persistent effects.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wenfeng Zhu, Yake Liu, Wei Wang, Zihua Zhou, Jin-hua Gu, Zexu Zhang, Huanjian Sun, Fan Liu
Summary: The study revealed that CoNPs exert toxicity on human vascular endothelial cells by depleting intracellular Fe2+ level, leading to activation of HIF-1 alpha. Supplementation of Fe2+, especially in the form of Fe(CH3CHOHCOO)(2) and Fe(CH2COO)(2), mitigates CoNP toxicity.
BIOSCIENCE REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Bin Yang, Haiyan Cui, Jie Gao, Jing Cao, Goran Klobucar, Mei Li
Summary: Bioassays were conducted to evaluate the toxic effects of pollutants in water, in addition to physico-chemical water quality evaluation. The study assessed the environmental health risks of industrial wastewater along the Yangtze River in China using a battery of bioassays. The results showed effective wastewater treatment processes in reducing various toxicities, and identified polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons as potential major toxic chemicals of concern.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tala Shekarian, Carl P. Zinner, Ewelina M. Bartoszek, Wandrille Duchemin, Anna T. Wachnowicz, Sabrina Hogan, Manina M. Etter, Julia Flammer, Chiara Paganetti, Tomas A. Martins, Philip Schmassmann, Steven Zanganeh, Francois Le Goff, Manuele G. Muraro, Marie-Francoise Ritz, Darci Phillips, Salil S. Bhate, Graham L. Barlow, Garry P. Nolan, Christian M. Schuerch, Gregor Hutter
Summary: This study demonstrated that ex vivo immunotherapy of GBM explants can induce an active antitumoral immune response within the tumor center, providing a framework for multidimensional personalized assessment of tumor response to immunotherapy.
Article
Orthopedics
Andrew Salipas, Andrew S. Poole, Matthew G. Teeter, Lyndsay E. Somerville, Douglas D. Naudie, Richard W. McCalden
Summary: This study compared the 10-year polyethylene wear rates between OxZi/XLPE and CoCr/XLPE articulations using radiostereometric analysis. The results showed no significant difference in steady-state wear rates between OxZi and CoCr, and both were below the threshold for osteolysis. The OxZi cohort demonstrated higher scores in the Harris Hip Score.
JOURNAL OF ARTHROPLASTY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Tuukka Ihantola, Maija-Riitta Hirvonen, Mika Ihalainen, Henri Hakkarainen, Olli Sippula, Jarkko Tissari, Stefanie Bauer, Sebastiano Di Bucchianico, Narges Rastak, Anni Hartikainen, Jani Leskinen, Pasi Yli-Pirila, Maria-Viola Martikainen, Mirella Miettinen, Heikki Suhonen, Teemu J. Ronkko, Miika Kortelainen, Heikki Lamberg, Hendryk Czech, Patrick Martens, Juergen Orasche, Bernhard Michalke, Ali Oender Yildirim, Jorma Jokiniemi, Ralf Zimmermann, Pasi Jalava
Summary: The study compared the toxicological responses of spruce and brown coal combustion aerosols on human alveolar epithelial cells, showing both aerosols causing cytotoxic and genotoxic effects on the cells.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Gabriel Souza-Silva, Clessius Ribeiro de Souza, Cintia Aparecida de Jesus Pereira, Walter Dos Santos Lima, Marcos Paulo Gomes Mol, Micheline Rosa Silveira
Summary: This study conducted a systematic review of the use of Biomphalaria glabrata as a biological model for ecotoxicological studies in aquatic environments contaminated with human pollutants. Several assays were performed to assess the toxicity, embryotoxicity, cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, and bioaccumulation of various substances using B. glabrata. The findings highlight the importance of using this species as a representative model for tropical environmental monitoring and call for further standardization of the model.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yulin Sun, Hongjuan Wang, Huan Chen, Sen Zhang, Jun Li, Jingni Zhang, Jianlu Tian, Youyu Zhang, Hongwei Hou, Qingyuan Hu
Summary: This study investigated the effects of nicotine on the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of NNK using BEAS-2B cells expressing CYP2A13. The results showed that CYP2A13 caused cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of NNK in BEAS-2B cells, and the addition of nicotine could inhibit the toxicity of NNK.
Article
Plant Sciences
Lidiane Schultz Branquinho, Maria Helena Verdan, Elisangela dos Santos, Silvia Cordeiro das Neves, Rodrigo Juliano Oliveira, Claudia Andrea Lima Cardoso, Candida Aparecida Leite Kassuya
Summary: This study analyzed the compounds of the leaves from the aqueous extract of D. dentatus and evaluated its toxicogenetic and pain relief effects in animal models. The results showed that the extract exhibited antinociceptive activity without genotoxicity, supporting its traditional use as a pain reliever in the region of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Asiye Beytur, Cigdem Tekin, Eray Caliskan, Suat Tekin, Kenan Koran, Ahmet Orhan Gorgulu, Suleyman Sandal
Summary: In this study, hetero ring hexasubstituted cyclotriphosphazes were synthesized and investigated for their in vitro cytotoxicity and genotoxicity. The results showed that these compounds have cytotoxic effects against cancer cells and suggested that these effects have occurred through genotoxicity.
BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hongping Li, Yunlong Liu, Yuting Teng, Yancui Zheng, Minying Zhang, Xu Wang, Hanliang Cheng, Jianhe Xu, Xiangning Chen, Xiaoheng Zhao, Zhujin Ding
Summary: Fucoidan and laminarin, polymolecular compounds extracted from seaweed, have various biological functions such as immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and antioxidant activities. They enhance the phagocytic capacity of macrophages, induce the expression of cytokines, and modulate the host immune response. These compounds can also induce the expression of intelectin, a lectin that plays a role in bacterial agglutination and bactericidal effects. Overall, Fucoidan and laminarin can be used as immune enhancers to improve host immunity and disease resistance.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Samantha V. Llewellyn, Angela Kaempfer, Johannes G. Keller, Klaus Vilsmeier, Veronika Buettner, Didem Ag Seleci, Roel P. F. Schins, Shareen H. Doak, Wendel Wohlleben
Summary: The study shows that engineered nanomaterials may undergo identity transformation after passing through multiple physiological compartments, with pre-treatments enhancing the physiological relevance of in vitro testing. However, pre-treatments are recommended for only specific ENMs.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ellen Fritsche, Thomas Haarmann-Stemmann, Julia Kapr, Saskia Galanjuk, Julia Hartmann, Peter R. Mertens, Angela A. M. Kaempfer, Roel P. F. Schins, Julia Tigges, Katharina Koch
Summary: The call for a paradigm change in toxicology initiated by the United States National Research Council in 2007 highlights the importance of human-relevant alternative methods for toxicological hazard assessment. This review article discusses critical organs such as skin, brain, and lungs in terms of their functions in health and disease, emphasizing the need for more complex organotypic models. Innovative technologies like organs-on-a-chip and genome editing are paving the way for a shift in toxicological paradigm towards more advanced and human-specific approaches.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Angela A. M. Kaempfer, Mathias Busch, Veronika Buettner, Gerrit Bredeck, Burkhard Stahlmecke, Bryan Hellack, Isabelle Masson, Adriana Sofranko, Catrin Albrecht, Roel P. F. Schins
Summary: Research on the effects of orally ingested engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) emphasizes the importance of developing and utilizing in vitro models. By studying four different in vitro models, the cytotoxic properties of polyvinylpyrrolidone-capped silver and titanium dioxide can be observed. Adverse responses were only observed in monoculture models, while no adverse effects were found in more complex transwell cultures and in vivo murine tissues.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Reem El-Gendy, Sarah Junaid, Stephen K. L. Lam, Karen M. Elson, Joanne L. Tipper, Richard M. Hall, Eileen Ingham, Jennifer Kirkham
Summary: This study established a porcine tooth in situ organ culture system successfully maintained over 4 days in vitro. The viability, maintenance of structure, and sterility of the model were confirmed through various assays and analysis methods, demonstrating its potential for future research in periodontal regeneration.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Ion Tacu, Ida Kokalari, Ornella Abollino, Catrin Albrecht, Mery Malandrino, Anna Maria Ferretti, Roel P. F. Schins, Ivana Fenoglio
Summary: The results indicate that surface Cu plays a major role in the surface reactivity of CNPs, while Fe has a minor role. At the same time, Cu increases the cytotoxicity of CNPs and their ability to induce oxidative stress and DNA damage. In contrast, surface Fe increases the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines by macrophages. Overall, these results confirm the role of Cu and Fe in PM toxicity and suggest that the total metals content in PM might be a better indicator of pathogenicity than water-soluble metals.
CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Mathias Busch, Gerrit Bredeck, Angela A. M. Kaempfer, Roel P. F. Schins
Summary: The study found that there were no acute toxic effects observed in the model of the healthy intestine after exposure to polystyrene (PS) or polyvinyl chloride (PVC) particles. However, during active inflammatory processes, exposure to PVC particles was found to increase the release of IL-1 beta and cause loss of epithelial cells.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Adriana Sofranko, Tina Wahle, Harm J. Heusinkveld, Burkhard Stahlmecke, Michail Dronov, Dirk Pijnenburg, Riet Hilhorst, Karsten Lamann, Catrin Albrecht, Roel P. F. Schins
Summary: The study demonstrated that subacute exposure to foodborne TiO2 and Ag NMs does not cause substantial neuropathological changes in mice. However, long-term exposures to Ag NM can cause neurotoxicity, possibly in a sex-dependent manner, as indicated by toxicokinetic and specific toxicodynamic findings.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Gerrit Bredeck, Angela A. M. Kampfer, Adriana Sofranko, Tina Wahle, Dominique Lison, Jerome Ambroise, Burkhard Stahlmecke, Catrin Albrecht, Roel P. F. Schins
Summary: The effects of four model ENMs on the gut microbiome of mice were examined under a realistic exposure scenario. The ENMs did not significantly impact the diversity of the gut microbiome, but SiO2 exposure led to a decrease in Actinobacteria abundance and Ag exposure increased the relative abundance of Roseburia. Sex-related differences in beta-diversity were observed, highlighting the importance of considering sex and microbial composition in ENM exposure studies. Further research is needed to understand the relevance of ENM-specific effects on key taxa for gut homeostasis and health.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Ashley Ward, Debora Morgante, John Fisher, Eileen Ingham, Jennifer Southgate
Summary: Bladder acellular matrix has potential applications in reconstructive surgeries, but the decellularization process is complex. This study used a mechanical engineering approach to design a laser-printed flat-bed apparatus for reproducible and full-thickness bladder tissue decellularization.
BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Maria-Viola Martikainen, Paeivi Aakko-Saksa, Lenie van den Broek, Flemming R. Cassee, Roxana O. Carare, Sweelin Chew, Andras Dinnyes, Rosalba Giugno, Katja M. Kanninen, Tarja Malm, Ala Muala, Maiken Nedergaard, Anna Oudin, Pedro Oyola, Tobias V. Pfeiffer, Topi Ronkko, Sanna Saarikoski, Thomas Sandstrom, Roel P. F. Schins, Jan Topinka, Mo Yang, Xiaowen Zeng, Remco H. S. Westerink, Pasi I. Jalava
Summary: The adverse effects of air pollutants on the respiratory and cardiovascular systems are well-known, but recent studies have found that they also have negative effects on the neurological system and cognitive function. Ultrafine particles (UFPs) play a key role in these effects, but there is still limited understanding about the smallest fraction and semivolatile compounds. The TUBE project aims to increase knowledge about harmful UFPs and semivolatile compounds, provide information for better emission legislation, and assess the impact of air pollution on the brain and its removal.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Toxicology
Adriana Sofranko, Tina Wahle, Julia Kolling, Harm J. Heusinkveld, Burkhard Stahlmecke, Martin Rosenbruch, Catrin Albrecht, Roel P. F. Schins
Summary: This study demonstrates that long-term oral exposure to SiO2 or CeO2 NMs has no neurotoxic and Alzheimer's disease (AD)-promoting effects. However, exposure to CeO2 leads to reduced plaque burden, suggesting potential therapeutic benefits in AD.
PARTICLE AND FIBRE TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Linda Elberskirch, Adriana Sofranko, Julia Liebing, Norbert Riefler, Kunigunde Binder, Christian Bonatto Minella, Matthias Razum, Lutz Maedler, Klaus Unfried, Roel P. F. Schins, Annette Kraegeloh, Christoph van Thriel
Summary: Nanosafety studies often lack reproducibility due to missing or inadequate information, but the use of the minimal information table (MIT) as a harmonization approach can enhance the reliability and comprehensiveness of research. Through a round-robin test, MIT was shown to support the planning, implementation, and data interpretation of studies, contributing to the acquisition of reliable and comprehensive datasets.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mathias Busch, Gerrit Bredeck, Friedrich Waag, Khosrow Rahimi, Haribaskar Ramachandran, Tobias Bessel, Stephan Barcikowski, Andreas Herrmann, Andrea Rossi, Roel P. F. Schins
Summary: Due to the widespread presence of environmental MNPs, inhalation and ingestion by humans is highly likely, but the health effects remain largely unknown. This study established THP-1 cells with or without NLRP3 to investigate the potential of MNPs to activate the NLRP3 inflammasome. The results suggest that most MNPS do not directly activate the NLRP3 inflammasome, but specific MNP types may still possess pro-inflammatory potential.
Article
Neurosciences
Lora-Sophie Gerber, Harm J. Heusinkveld, Celine Langendoen, Burkhard Stahlmecke, Roel P. F. Schins, Remco H. S. Westerink
Summary: This study investigated the effects of acute, sub-chronic, and chronic exposure to titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2NP) and silver nanoparticles (AgNP) on neuronal function in vitro. The results showed that chronic exposure to AgNP had profound effects on neuronal function and morphology, while TiO2NP had limited effects.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Ville Silvonen, Laura Salo, Tuomas Raunima, Michal Vojtisek-Lom, Jakub Ondracek, Jan Topinka, Roel P. F. Schins, Teemu Lepisto, Henna Lintusaari, Sanna Saarikoski, Luis M. F. Barreira, Jussi Hoivala, Lassi Markkula, Ilpo Kulmala, Juha Vinha, Panu Karjalainen, Topi Ronkko
Summary: Air pollution, specifically particulate matter pollution, poses a significant threat to human health. This experimental study evaluated particle pollution levels in indoor air in four European offices, comparing them to outdoor particles and assessing their origins. The majority of indoor particles were found to infiltrate from outdoor air, highlighting the importance of limiting particle infiltration to maintain clean indoor air in offices.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
C. F. M. Menck, R. S. Galhardo, A. Quinet
Summary: Studies have shown that xeroderma pigmentosum variant (XP-V) patients have mutations in the POLH gene, resulting in a high frequency of skin tumors. However, it is paradoxical that the translesion synthesis DNA polymerase eta (Pol η) in these patients can actually suppress mutations, and the mechanism behind this is still unclear. Recent evidence suggests that cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) play an instructional role for Pol η, enabling accurate replication of these lesions, and the mutagenic effects induced by UV radiation are caused by the deamination of C-containing CPDs. This process leads to C>T transitions, which are the most common mutations in skin cancers. The delayed replication in XP-V cells amplifies the deamination of C in CPDs and increases the burden of C>T mutations through the activity of backup TLS polymerases.
MUTATION RESEARCH-FUNDAMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF MUTAGENESIS
(2024)