Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yoshimi Enose-Akahata, Limin Wang, Fahad Almsned, Kory R. Johnson, Yair Mina, Joan Ohayon, Xin Wei Wang, Steven Jacobson
Summary: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS), and the cause of MS remains unknown. This study investigated the antibody responses against various viruses in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum of MS patients, and found significant differences compared to healthy volunteers, as well as a pattern of antibody responses against multiple viruses, including Epstein-Barr virus. These findings indicate that virus-specific antibody signatures might reflect the disease-associated inflammatory milieu in the CSF of patients with neuroinflammatory diseases.
Review
Microbiology
Cyril Debuysschere, Magloire Pandoua Nekoua, Didier Hober
Summary: Viral infections, particularly Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), have long been suspected to play a role in the development and progression of autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS), lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, Sjogren's syndrome, and type 1 diabetes. EBV has a complex lifecycle in infected B-cells, producing viral proteins and miRNAs. This review highlights the detection of EBV infection in MS patients, focusing on markers of latency and lytic phases. The presence of latency proteins, antibodies, and miRNAs in the central nervous system of MS patients suggests a link between EBV and MS.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Klaus Rostgaard, Nete Munk Nielsen, Mads Melbye, Morten Frisch, Henrik Hjalgrim
Summary: Epstein-Barr virus infection is a prerequisite for the development of multiple sclerosis, particularly delayed infections. Siblings provide protection against infectious mononucleosis by occasionally preventing delayed primary Epstein-Barr virus infection. The age difference between siblings determines the level of protection, with closer age gaps providing higher protection.
Article
Immunology
Jeremy T. Keane, Ali Afrasiabi, Stephen D. Schibeci, Nicole Fewings, Grant P. Parnell, Sanjay Swaminathan, David R. Booth
Summary: The study found gender-specific associations with EBV traits and MS risk SNP/gene pairs, with some genes showing gender differences in correlation of gene expression level with Estrogen Receptor 2. Estradiol treatment altered MS risk gene expression, LCL proliferation rate, EBV DNA copy number, and EBNA2 expression in a sex-dependent manner, indicating estrogen-mediated gender-specific differences in MS risk gene expression and EBV functions. This may contribute to gender differences in host response to EBV and MS susceptibility.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Yin Xu, Ayako Hiyoshi, Kelsi A. Smith, Fredrik Piehl, Tomas Olsson, Katja Fall, Scott Montgomery
Summary: The study suggests that having infectious mononucleosis in childhood and especially adolescence is a risk factor associated with a diagnosis of multiple sclerosis, independent of shared familial factors.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Deborah K. Johnson, Kaylia M. Reynolds, Brian D. Poole, Matthew D. Montierth, Vera M. Todd, April Barnado, Mary F. Davis
Summary: Patients with autoimmune disorders have altered cancer risks compared to the general population, with a strong association between viral infection and increased cancer risk. SLE and MS patients are more susceptible to viral infections, and preventing viral infections through vaccination may help control cancer risk for these patients.
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Ilan Rotstein, Joseph Katz
Summary: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of acute periapical abscesses (PAs) in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and to evaluate whether patients previously infected with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) are more susceptible to acute PAs. The results indicate that the prevalence of acute PAs is higher in patients with a history of MS, and EBV may play a role.
JOURNAL OF ENDODONTICS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
M. Bistrom, D. Jons, E. Engdahl, R. Gustafsson, J. Huang, N. Brenner, J. Butt, L. Alonso-Magdalena, M. Gunnarsson, M. Vrethem, N. Bender, T. Waterboer, G. Granasen, T. Olsson, I. Kockum, O. Andersen, A. Fogdell-Hahn, Peter Sundstrom
Summary: This study suggests that EBV infection after adolescence and age independent HHV-6A infection are risk factors for MS. EBV infection is associated with increased MS risk in individuals aged 20-39 years, while HHV-6A infection is associated with increased MS risk in all age groups.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Casper L. de Mol, Kirsten I. M. Looman, Marvin M. van Luijn, Karim L. Kreft, Philip R. Jansen, Menno C. van Zelm, Joost J. F. M. Smolders, Tonya J. H. White, Henriette A. Moll, Rinze F. Neuteboom
Summary: This study found that genetic risk variants for multiple sclerosis affect T cell composition in children from the general population, with specific risk variants negatively correlating with CD8(+) T cell frequencies and positively associating with CD4(+)/CD8(+) T cell ratios.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mireya Fernandez-Fournier, Maripaz Lopez-Molina, Gabriel Torres Iglesias, Lucia Botella, Beatriz Chamorro, Fernando Laso-Garcia, Inmaculada Puertas, Antonio Tallon Barranco, Laura Otero-Ortega, Ana Frank-Garcia, Exuperio Diez-Tejedor
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the presence of antibodies against EBV antigens in EVs and their potential as diagnostic and disease activity blood biomarkers in RRMS. The results showed that patients with RRMS had higher levels of anti-VCA antibodies in EVs and plasma compared to healthy controls. Patients with active disease also had higher levels of anti-EBNA1 antibodies in EVs. Furthermore, the levels of EV anti-VCA correlated with disease duration and decreased brain volume structures in RRMS.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Massimiliano Castellazzi, Caterina Ferri, Alice Piola, Samantha Permunian, Gaia Buscemi, Michele Laudisi, Eleonora Baldi, Maura Pugliatti
Summary: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease associated with the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). In this study, we investigated the effects of dimethyl fumarate (DMF), a first-line treatment for MS, on the quantity and quality of EBV-specific IgG in MS patients.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Anna Karin Hedstrom
Summary: There is compelling evidence that Epstein Barr virus (EBV) infection is a prerequisite for multiple sclerosis (MS). The disease is believed to result from a complex interplay between latent EBV infection, genetic predisposition, and various environmental and lifestyle factors that impact immune control of the infection. Evidence of gene-environment interactions and triggered epigenetic modifications in genetically susceptible individuals support this relationship. This review provides an overview of EBV, host immunity, and the evidence linking EBV as a prerequisite for MS. It also discusses the role of genetic and environmental risk factors, their interactions, and potential preventive measures based on the findings presented.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Hana Zdimerova, Anita Murer, Christine Engelmann, Ana Raykova, Yun Deng, Cornelia Gujer, Julia Ruhl, Donal McHugh, Nicole Caduff, Reza Naghavian, Gaetana Pezzino, Riccarda Capaul, Andrea Zbinden, Guido Ferlazzo, Jan D. Lunemann, Roland Martin, Bithi Chatterjee, Christian Munz
Summary: The immune responses to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection along with the main genetic risk factor HLA-DR15 are shown to synergize in increasing the likelihood of developing multiple sclerosis (MS) sevenfold. The study observed elevated activation of both CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells in HLA-DR15 donor-reconstituted humanized mice, even when compared to those carrying HLA-DR4 which is associated with other autoimmune diseases. Despite the higher immune activation, EBV viral loads were less well controlled in the context of HLA-DR15, and CD4(+) T cell clones demonstrated cross-reactivity towards allogeneic target cells and an MS autoantigen.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Immunology
Tomas Olsson
Summary: MS is a multifactorial disease with genetic and environmental factors contributing to its etiology. HLA-DR15 and EBV are key factors increasing the risk of the disease, with the study showing higher viral load and immune response in HLA-DR15 carriers infected with EBV compared to non-carriers, potentially exacerbating MS.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Jonatan Leffler, Stephanie Trend, Shelley Gorman, Prue H. Hart
Summary: The immunological mechanisms contributing to multiple sclerosis (MS) differ between males and females, resulting in higher susceptibility among females. These differences may be attributed to genetics, immune regulatory genes on the X-chromosome, and the immune modulatory properties of sex hormones. The interaction between sex and environmental risk factors also plays a role in MS development, with varying impacts on males and females. Understanding these differences further is important in explaining the significantly different prevalence and pathology of MS in males and females.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Vahab Moradinaftchali, Xiaoguang Wang, Lixin Song
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PRODUCTION RESEARCH
(2016)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Vahab Moradinaftchali, Lixin Song, Xiaoguang Wang
COMPUTERS & INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING
(2016)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Rasool Soltani, Mohammad Hashemi, Alimohammad Farazmand, Gholamreza Asghari, Kiyan Heshmat-Ghahdarijani, Ali Kharazmkia, Syed Mustafa Ghanadian
JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE
(2017)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Mohammad Hashemi, Kiyan Heshmat-ghahdarijani, Elahe Zarean, Forouz Baktash, Zahra Sadat Mortazavi
JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2016)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Tahmine Tavakoli, Peyman Adibi, Mohammad Hossein Sanei, Kiyan Heshmat-Ghahdarijani
IRANIAN RED CRESCENT MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2017)
Article
Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
Mahdi Omidi, Qingfei Min, Vahab Moradinaftchali, Muhammad Piri
DISCRETE DYNAMICS IN NATURE AND SOCIETY
(2019)
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Farshad Roghani-Dehkordi, Mohammad Kermani-Alghoraishi, Kiyan Heshmat-Ghahdarijani
KARDIOLOGIA POLSKA
(2020)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Alireza Khosravi, Asieh Mansouri, Farzad Shahsanayi, Navid Paydari, Kiyan Heshmat-Ghahdarijani, Marjan Mansourian, Fatemeh Nouri, Marzieh Taheri, Hossein Farshidi, Toba Kazemi, Arsalan Khaledifar, Ahmadreza Assareh, Mohammad Behnammoghadam, Mohammad Mehdi Peighambari, Ebrahim Nematipour, Nizal Sarrafzadegan, Feridoun Noohi
Summary: The Persian CardioVascular Disease Registry (PCVDR) is a national registry program in Iran, currently implemented in 19 hospitals to collect data related to angiography and PCI. With a large number of registered cases and a follow-up rate of 72.8%, the plan is to expand coverage to more hospitals and cardiology centers in the future.
CURRENT PROBLEMS IN CARDIOLOGY
(2021)
Letter
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Shaghayegh Haghjooy Javanmard, Kiyan Heshmat-Ghahdarijani, Golnaz Vaseghi
INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Kiyan Heshmat-Ghahdarijani, Neda Mashayekhiasl, Atefeh Amerizadeh, Zahra Teimouri Jervekani, Masoumeh Sadeghi
PHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH
(2020)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Masoumeh Sadeghi, Saeid Khosrawi, Kiyan Heshmat-Ghahdarijani, Yousof Gheisari, Hamidreza Roohafza, Marjan Mansoorian, Shervin Ghaffari Hoseini
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Kiyan Heshmat-Ghahdarijani, Shahrzad Jangjoo, Afshin Amirpoor, Jamshid Najafian, Alireza Khosravi, Maryam Heidarpour, Mostafa Hekmat, Davood Shafie
ARYA ATHEROSCLEROSIS
(2020)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Gholamhossein Alishiri, Kiyan Heshmat-Ghandarijani, Mohammad Hashemi, Reihaneh Zavar, Maryam Moshkani Farahani
JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2020)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Mahshid Givi, Kiyan Heshmat-Ghandarijani, Mohammad Garakyaraghi, Ghasem Yadegarfar, Mehrbod Vakhshoori, Maryam Heidarpour, Davood Shafie, Nizal Sarrafzadegan
ARYA ATHEROSCLEROSIS
(2019)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Morteza Abdar Esfahani, Kiyan Heshmat-Ghahdarijani, Abdolmajid Baghayi, Mehrbod Vakhshoori, Hormoz Abdshahzadeh, Reyhaneh Abrishamchi
INDIAN JOURNAL OF THORACIC AND CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY
(2019)