Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Can M. Sungur, Qiankun Wang, Ayse N. Ozanturk, Hongbo Gao, Aaron J. Schmitz, Marina Cella, Wayne M. Yokoyama, Liang Shan
Summary: The role of NK cells in HIV-1 infections was investigated using a humanized mouse model. The study showed that NK cells directly provided anti-HIV-1 responses in nonlymphoid organs, but had limited functionality in lymphoid organs. Antiretroviral therapy and a broadly neutralizing antibody, PGT121, were found to enhance NK cell function and reduce viral load.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Camilla Luiza-Batista, Sabine Thiberge, Malika Serra-Hassoun, Flore Nardella, Aurelie Claes, Vanessa C. Nicolete, Pierre-Henri Commere, Liliana Mancio-Silva, Marcelo U. Ferreira, Artur Scherf, Sylvie Garcia
Summary: This study presents a new humanized mice model that supports human erythropoiesis and allows the multiplication and transmission of P. vivax parasites. It provides a unique tool for investigating the biology of intraerythrocytic P. vivax.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bei Li, Haibo Zhang, Linlin Shi, Rong Li, Yanan Luo, Yun Deng, Shihan Li, Ruizhen Li, Zhi Liu
Summary: The beneficial effects of S. boulardii on inflammatory bowel disease have been shown in recent clinical studies. This study investigated how S. boulardii modulates the intestinal microbiota in humanized mice with colitis induced by DSS. Results indicated that S. boulardii alleviated colon damage, regulated inflammatory responses, and altered microbiome composition and SCFA metabolism, supporting its role as a potential gut microbiota modulator for IBD prevention and treatment.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Philippe A. Gallay, Christina M. Ramirez, Marc M. Baum
Summary: Adolescent girls and young women in low- to middle-income countries are at higher risk of HIV-1 infection. New non-vaccine biomedical products aim to provide safe, effective, and discreet dosage forms for delivering antiviral compounds through vaginal drug administration. Oral regimens based on TDF and FTC have shown effectiveness in HIV-1 prevention, forming a promising basis for vaginal PrEP.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Philippe A. Gallay, Christina M. Ramirez, Marc M. Baum
Summary: Adolescent girls and young women in low- to middle-income countries have a higher risk of HIV-1 infection. New non-vaccine biomedical products are needed to provide safe, effective, and discreet forms of antiviral compounds for vaginal administration, aiming to overcome this global health challenge.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Carine Bouffi, Kathryn A. Wikenheiser-Brokamp, Praneet Chaturvedi, Nambirajan Sundaram, Gillian R. Goddard, Mark Wunderlich, Nicole E. Brown, Janet F. Staab, Rachel Latanich, Nicholas C. Zachos, Emily M. Holloway, Maxime M. Mahe, Holly M. Poling, Simon Vales, Garrett W. Fisher, Jason R. Spence, James C. Mulloy, Aaron M. Zorn, James M. Wells, Michael A. Helmrath
Summary: Human intestinal organoids (HIOs) derived from pluripotent stem cells were transplanted into mice with a humanized immune system to incorporate immune cells. The transplanted HIOs exhibited migration and formation of cellular aggregates similar to human intestinal lymphoid follicles. Upon microbial exposure, the HIOs showed increased epithelial microfold cells and immune cell activation through IgA antibody secretion, providing a useful model for studying infection- or allergen-driven intestinal diseases.
NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Wanlin Cui, Yuji Nagano, Satoru Morita, Takeshi Tanoue, Hidehiro Yamane, Keiko Ishikawa, Toshiro Sato, Masato Kubo, Shohei Hori, Tadatsugu Taniguchi, Masanori Hatakeyama, Koji Atarashi, Kenya Honda
Summary: A novel ILC2 subset that constitutively expresses IL-4 was identified in the mouse intestine. The absence of gut microbiota had marginal effects, but feeding mice with a vitamin B1-deficient diet compromised the number of intestinal IL-4(+) ILC2s.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Veronica L. Nagle, Charli Ann J. Hertz, Kelly E. Henry, Maya S. Graham, Carl Campos, Nagavarakishore Pillarsetty, Andrea Schietinger, Ingo K. Mellinghoff, Jason S. Lewis
Summary: This study explores the use of anti-human-CD4 minibody for antibody-based PET to visualize human CD4(+) T cells. Through in vitro and in vivo experiments, it is found that this method can accurately detect CD4(+) T cells without impacting their abundance, proliferation, and activation state. In humanized mice, this method can also visualize the distribution of CD4(+) T cells in peripheral tissues and brain tumors.
MOLECULAR CANCER THERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Jiashen Zhang, Yaxuan Zhao, Hengchao Zhang, Kaiyue Han, Junjie Ma, Yanlian Xiong, Guoyan Wang, Xiying Luan
Summary: This study suggests that hPMSCs alleviate intestinal damage in GVHD mice by regulating the levels of IFN-γ and IL-10 in CD4(+)T cells through CD73 and promoting the phosphorylation of AMPK.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Taiji Miyake, Haruka Tsutsui, Kenta Haraya, Tatsuhiko Tachibana, Kayoko Morimoto, Shoko Takehara, Miho Ayabe, Kaoru Kobayashi, Yasuhiro Kazuki
Summary: The study demonstrates that P-gp-mediated drug-drug interactions and non-linear absorption can be predicted using hMDR1-MAC mice. These mice serve as a valuable in vivo tool for quantitatively predicting P-gp-mediated disposition in drug discovery and development.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Mengyan Li, Scott J. Garforth, Kaitlyn E. O'Connor, Hang Su, Danica M. Lee, Alev Celikgil, Rodolfo J. Chaparro, Ronald D. Seidel, R. Brad Jones, Ravit Arav-Boger, Steven C. Almo, Harris Goldstein
Summary: In this study, synTacs were used to expand highly functional HIV- and CMV-specific CD8(+) T cells, which showed potent antiviral activities in vivo. The results suggest that synTac-based approaches could be a promising therapeutic strategy for HIV cure and treatment of CMV and other viral infections.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Akimichi Inaba, Zewen Kelvin Tuong, Tian X. X. Zhao, Andrew P. P. Stewart, Rebeccah Mathews, Lucy Truman, Rouchelle Sriranjan, Jane Kennet, Kourosh Saeb-Parsy, Linda Wicker, Frank Waldron-Lynch, Joseph Cheriyan, John A. A. Todd, Ziad Mallat, Menna R. R. Clatworthy
Summary: Activation of B cells expressing CD25 can be enhanced by low-dose recombinant IL-2, leading to increased secretion of IL-10. Administration of low dose IL-2 to patients results in an increase in IL-10-producing B cells. Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals enrichment of regulatory B cell gene signature in plasma cell populations from IL-2-treated patients, with significant down-regulation of the transcriptional repressor BACH2. BACH2 suppression leads to increased B cell IL-10, suggesting its role in promoting an immunoregulatory phenotype in B cells through IL-2 modulation.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Oncology
David B. Rosen, Anne Mansson Kvarnhammar, Burkhardt Laufer, Thomas Knappe, Jens Jakob Karlsson, Enping Hong, Yu-Chi Lee, Dhruv Thakar, Luis Alejandro Zuniga, Kathy Bang, Simran Singh Sabharwal, Karan Uppal, Janne Damm Olling, Kristian Kjaergaard, Thomas Kurpiers, Meike Schnabel, Diana Reich, Philipp Glock, Joachim Zettler, Mathias Krusch, Ana Bernhard, Stefan Heinig, Valentino Konjik, Thomas Wegge, Yvonne Hehn, Steffen Killian, Laura Viet, Josefine Runz, Frank Faltinger, Mohammad Tabrizi, Kristin Laura Abel, Vibeke Miller Breinholt, Stina M. Singel, Kennett Sprogoe, Juha Punnonen
Summary: Recombinant interleukin-2 (IL-2) is an approved cancer immunotherapy, but it has severe toxicities and suboptimal pharmacokinetics. TransCon IL-2 beta/gamma is a novel prodrug designed to address these issues, showing sustained release of IL-2 and potential antitumor activity in animal models.
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Christopher Sie, Ravi Kant, Christian Peter, Andreas Muschaweckh, Monika Pfaller, Lucy Nirschl, Helena Dominguez Moreno, Tereza Chadimova, Gildas Lepennetier, Tanja Kuhlmann, Rupert Ollinger, Thomas Engleitner, Roland Rad, Thomas Korn
Summary: Th17 cells have an intrinsic feedback mechanism to control their pathogenicity, involving the production of IL-24 and secretion of IL-10. IL-24 interacts with Grim19 on the inner mitochondrial membrane to promote STAT3 accumulation in the mitochondrial compartment, which serves as a rheostat to regulate nuclear STAT3 activity. This mechanism plays an important role in restricting immunopathology associated with Th17 cells.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Yixin Wang, Lei Wang, Cong Fu, Xue Wang, Siyao Zuo, Chang Shu, Yanhong Shan, Jin He, Qi Zhou, Wei Li, Yong-Guang Yang, Zheng Hu, Shucheng Hua
Summary: This study utilized a humanized mouse model with human lung tissue xenografts to investigate the immunopathogenesis and therapeutic interventions of viral respiratory diseases. The findings highlight the importance of tissue-resident memory T cells and viral Ag-specific T cells in the immune response against respiratory viruses.
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Joshua L. Santarpia, Vicki L. Herrera, Danielle N. Rivera, Shanna Ratnesar-Shumate, St. Patrick Reid, Daniel N. Ackerman, Paul W. Denton, Jacob W. S. Martens, Ying Fang, Nicholas Conoan, Michael V. Callahan, James V. Lawler, David M. Brett-Major, John J. Lowe
Summary: The study found evidence of viral replication in submicron aerosol samples from COVID-19 patients, further confirming the potential for airborne transmission of COVID-19. Therefore, it emphasizes the importance of using efficient respiratory protection in healthcare and public settings to limit transmission.
JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marion Gransagne, Gabriel Ayme, Sebastien Brier, Gaelle Chauveau-Le Friec, Veronique Meriaux, Mireille Nowakowski, Francois Dejardin, Sylvain Levallois, Guilherme Dias de Melo, Flora Donati, Matthieu Prot, Sebastien Brule, Bertrand Raynal, Jacques Bellalou, Pedro Goncalves, Xavier Montagutelli, James P. Di Santo, Francoise Lazarini, Patrick England, Stephane Petres, Nicolas Escriou, Pierre Lafaye
Summary: This study developed a sandwich immunoassay to specifically detect the nucleoprotein (N) of SARS-CoV-2. Seven antibodies were identified that recognized the full N protein and did not cross react with nucleoproteins from common human coronaviruses. The antibodies mainly targeted conformational epitopes in the C-terminal or N-terminal domains and were able to detect SARS-CoV-2 variants.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Elza Evren, Emma Ringqvist, Jean-Marc Doisne, Anna Thaller, Natalie Sleiers, Richard A. Flavell, James P. Di Santo, Tim Willinger
Summary: Evren et al. identify CD116(+) fetal liver cells as precursors of human alveolar macrophages in early life and reveal the impact of cell origin on lung macrophage identity and function.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Dajiang Li, Morgan G. Dewey, Li Wang, Shane D. Falcinelli, Lilly M. Wong, Yuyang Tang, Edward P. Browne, Xian Chen, Nancie M. Archin, David M. Margolis, Guochun Jiang
Summary: This study found that crotonylation enhances AZD5582-induced noncanonical NF-kappa B signaling, further augmenting HIV latency reversal. TRIM27 is involved in the process of p100 cleavage to p52, and depletion of TRIM27 reduces HIV latency reversal.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nicolas Serafini, Angelique Jarade, Laura Surace, Pedro Goncalves, Odile Sismeiro, Hugo Varet, Rachel Legendre, Jean-Yves Coppee, Olivier Disson, Scott K. Durum, Gad Frankel, James P. Di Santo
Summary: Group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) in the intestine remain activated for months after exposure to Citrobacter rodentium, leading to enhanced immune response and defense capability. These trained ILC3s undergo metabolic changes and exhibit enhanced proliferative capacity and IL-22 production.
Review
Hematology
Laura Surace, James P. Di Santo
Summary: This review discusses the role of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) as metabolic sentinels and how specific activities of ILC subsets influence homeostasis and disease. Recent studies have found that ILCs' metabolism, phenotype, and function are shaped by signals from the tissue microenvironment. ILCs have emerged as crucial sensors of metabolic stress.
CURRENT OPINION IN HEMATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Carys A. Croft, Anna Thaller, Solenne Marie, Jean-Marc Doisne, Laura Surace, Rui Yang, Anne Puel, Jacinta Bustamante, Jean-Laurent Casanova, James P. Di Santo
Summary: The Notch signaling pathway plays a crucial role in the development of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) from human ILC precursors. The study identifies a Notch->RORC->IL-23R pathway that regulates ILC differentiation. These findings may have implications for expanding functional ILC subsets in vitro and developing novel ILC therapies for human diseases.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Huihua Xing, Vanessa Loya-Perez, Joshua Franzen, Paul W. Denton, Martin Conda-Sheridan, Nathalia Rodrigues de Almeida
Summary: Self-assembling cationic peptide amphiphiles (PAs) have the ability to disrupt bacteria membranes and show excellent antibacterial activity against gram-negative strains without easily developing resistance. These PAs have great potential for the development of effective antibiotics to treat infections caused by gram-negative bacteria.
BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jesper D. Gunst, Jesper F. Hojen, Marie H. Pahus, Miriam Rosas-Umbert, Birgitte Stiksrud, James H. Mcmahon, Paul W. Denton, Henrik Nielsen, Isik S. Johansen, Thomas Benfield, Steffen Leth, Jan Gerstoft, Lars Ostergaard, Mariane H. Schleimann, Rikke Olesen, Henrik Stovring, Line Vibholm, Nina Weis, Anne M. Dyrhol-Riise, Karen B. H. Pedersen, Jillian S. Y. Lau, Dennis C. Copertino, Noemi Linden, Tan T. Huynh, Victor Ramos, R. Brad Jones, Sharon R. Lewin, Martin Tolstrup, Thomas A. Rasmussen, Michel C. Nussenzweig, Marina Caskey, Dag Henrik Reikvam, Ole S. Sogaard
Summary: In people with HIV-1 undergoing antiretroviral treatment interruption, combining lefitolimod with broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) did not delay viral rebound beyond that achieved with bNAbs alone, raising the question of how to optimize combination immunotherapy to control HIV-1.
Review
Virology
Catherine A. Lewis, David M. Margolis, Edward P. Browne
Summary: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has significantly improved the prognosis for HIV-1 patients, but finding a cure remains challenging due to the long-lived latent reservoir. Recent research suggests that targeting the establishment of the reservoir at the initiation of ART could be a potential strategy to prevent its formation. This could be followed by treatment with latency reversal agents and immune clearance agents to fully eradicate the latent reservoir in newly treated patients. Improved understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in latency establishment and maintenance will aid in the development of new strategies for preventing and reversing latency.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Eva A. M. Baerends, Astrid K. Hvidt, Joanne Reekie, Ole S. Sogaard, Nina B. Staerke, Dorthe Raben, Henrik Nielsen, Kristine T. Petersen, Maria R. Juhl, Isik S. Johansen, Susan O. Lindvig, Lone W. Madsen, Lothar Wiese, Lene S. Knudsen, Mette B. Iversen, Thomas Benfield, Kasper K. Iversen, Sidsel D. Andersen, Anna K. Juhl, Lisa L. Dietz, Signe R. Andreasen, Thea K. Fischer, Christian Erikstrup, Palle Valentiner-Branth, Jens Lundgren, Lars Ostergaard, Martin Tolstrup
Summary: SARS-CoV-2 Omicron is rapidly spreading globally, even in regions with high vaccination coverage. A study found that high levels of vaccine-induced antibodies provide partial protection against Omicron breakthrough infections. This is important knowledge to further understand the threshold for protection against new variants and to determine the necessity and timing of booster vaccination.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lamin B. Cham, Jesper D. Gunst, Mariane H. Schleimann, Giacomo S. Frattari, Miriam Rosas-Umbert, Line K. Vibholm, Renee M. van der Sluis, Martin R. Jakobsen, Rikke Olesen, Lin Lin, Martin Tolstrup, Ole S. Sogaard
Summary: In this study, single-cell RNA sequencing was used to obtain four distinct pDC clusters, including a cytotoxic-like pDC cluster, which expressed both antiviral and cytotoxic genes. The cytotoxic-like pDCs showed similar communication signals to other pDCs, and were found to be distinct from NK and T cells.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Lisa Lokso Dietz, Anna Karina Juhl, Ole Schmeltz Sogaard, Joanne Reekie, Henrik Nielsen, Isik Somuncu Johansen, Thomas Benfield, Lothar Wiese, Nina Breinholt Staerke, Tomas Ostergaard Jensen, Stine Finne Jakobsen, Rikke Olesen, Kasper Iversen, Kamille Fogh, Jacob Bodilsen, Kristine Toft Petersen, Lykke Larsen, Lone Wulff Madsen, Susan Olaf Lindvig, Inge Kristine Holden, Dorthe Raben, Sidsel Dahl Andersen, Astrid Korning Hvidt, Signe Rode Andreasen, Eva Anna Marianne Baerends, Jens Lundgren, Lars Ostergaard, Martin Tolstrup
Summary: This study examines the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in older Danish citizens and finds that age and disease burden can impact the vaccine-induced T cell immunity. These findings contribute to the understanding of immune responses in individuals at increased risk of severe COVID-19.
COMMUNICATIONS MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Astrid Korning Hvidt, Huaijian Guo, Rebecca Andersen, Stine Sofie Frank Lende, Line Khalidan Vibholm, Ole Schmeltz Sogaard, Marianne Hoegsbjerg Schleimann, Victoria Russell, Angela Man-Wei Cheung, Eustache Paramithiotis, Rikke Olesen, Martin Tolstrup
Summary: The study on long-term immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection in 93 recovered individuals found that a majority maintained stable immune responses 20 months after infection, especially in T cell responses. Vaccination boosted Spike-specific immune responses, indicating understanding of immune contraction and durability of protection.