Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zhiyuan Zhang, Ruiying Niu, Longhao Zhao, Yufei Wang, Guangwei Liu
Summary: Neutrophils, a crucial part of the innate immune system, play various roles in disease defense including phagocytosis, degranulation, production of reactive oxygen species, and the formation of NETs. Recent research has shown that NETs have bidirectional regulation in cancer, both promoting and inhibiting its development. Understanding the molecular and cellular mechanisms behind NET formation in cancer is crucial for developing new therapeutic strategies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yaxin Chen, Xuan Shi, Xin Jin, Pengkang Jin
Summary: The characteristics and regulation mechanism of overflow pollution caused by sewer sediments under different precipitation intensities were investigated. The results showed that sewer sediments were the main source of overflow pollutants, contributing up to 70%. A prediction formula for the regulation and storage time of overflow pollutants was obtained based on the relationship among rainfall intensity, sediment scouring thickness, and regulation and storage time.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ting Yang, Jinlong Yu, Tasdiq Ahmed, Katherine Nguyen, Fang Nie, Rui Zan, Zhiwei Li, Pei Han, Hao Shen, Xiaonong Zhang, Shuichi Takayama, Yang Song
Summary: Researchers study the antibacterial activity of synthetic NET-mimetic materials and find that the incorporation of NE into DNA-histone complexes reduces antimicrobial activity, but this effect can be reversed by treatment with AAT. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the complex and sometimes contradictory observations of NETs and AAT in antimicrobial effects.
Article
Immunology
Sergi Lopez-Serrano, Lorena Cordoba, Monica Perez-Maillo, Patricia Pleguezuelos, Edmond J. Remarque, Thomas Ebensen, Carlos A. Guzman, Dennis Christensen, Joaquim Segales, Ayub Darji
Summary: This study found that pigs vaccinated with NG34 vaccine in combination with CAF(R)01 or CDA/alpha GCM exhibited different immune responses, with animals in the NG34 + CAF(R)01 group showing lower lung lesions and viral shedding post-infection, while pigs in the NG34 + CDA/alpha GCM group showing more severe pathology and viral shedding.
Review
Immunology
Samanta C. Funes, Mariana Rios, Ayleen Fernandez-Fierro, Maria S. Di Genaro, Alexis M. Kalergis
Summary: A dysregulated immune response is a characteristic of autoimmune and autoinflammatory disorders. Monocytes and macrophages (Mo/Ma) have been found to significantly contribute to the development of both types of diseases, but their functional plasticity makes it difficult to understand their exact role.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Fisheries
Ming Xian Chang
Summary: This paper summarizes recent advances in understanding of negative regulators of the RLR signaling pathway in fish, with a focus on regulatory mechanisms inhibiting the function of RIG-I, MDA5, and other factors. The study also discusses important directions for future research in this field.
DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aleksandra Kuzan, Emilia Krolewicz, Karolina Nowakowska, Kamilla Stach, Krzysztof Kaliszewski, Pawel Domoslawski, Lukasz Kotyra, Andrzej Gamian, Irena Kustrzeba-Wojcicka
Summary: The mechanism of thyroid diseases, involving oxidative stress, was investigated in this study to verify the relationship between glycation and thyroid stress. The presence of AGEs, MAGE, and their receptors of RAGE and SR-A were detected in thyroid tissues, suggesting a potential link between glycation stress and oxidative stress in the thyroid gland.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Pasquale Esposito, Daniela Verzola, Michela Saio, Daniela Picciotto, Marco Frascio, Alessandro Laudon, Valentina Zanetti, Giuliano Brunori, Giacomo Garibotto, Francesca Viazzi
Summary: Protein energy wasting (PEW) is a common complication in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), and it is strongly associated with morbidity and mortality in these patient populations. The pathogenesis of PEW involves various mechanisms such as anorexia, insulin resistance, acidosis, low-grade inflammation, and sterile muscle inflammation at advanced CKD stages. Immune and resident muscle cells play critical roles in triggering sterile tissue inflammation through innate immunity pathways, including toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) activation and NLRP3 inflammasome signaling. Targeting these innate immune pathways could potentially lead to novel therapies for CKD-related PEW.
Review
Oncology
Bojana Stefanovska, Fabrice Andre, Olivia Fromigue
Summary: Tribbles proteins play a key role in oncogenesis, with the ability to act as either oncogenes or tumor suppressors in a context-dependent manner. They function as molecular scaffolds and signaling regulators by interacting with a wide range of target molecules, affecting multiple pathways.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yifan Huang, Ying Li, Wensen Lin, Shuhao Fan, Haorong Chen, Jiaojiao Xia, Jiang Pi, Jun-Fa Xu
Summary: This review provides an overview of the role and characteristics of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in tuberculosis (TB). CircRNAs, as a type of non-coding RNA, play crucial regulatory roles in the development and progression of TB, and have the potential to serve as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
Article
Microbiology
Sandhya Ganesan, Natalie N. Alvarez, Samuel Steiner, Karen M. Fowler, Abigail K. Corona, Craig R. Roy
Summary: This study identified a human protein called syntaxin 11 (STX11) as a host restriction factor that inhibits the intracellular replication of Coxiella burnetii. STX11 regulates the fusion process between subcellular organelles to limit the replication of this intracellular pathogen. This provides new insights into the understanding of host defense mechanisms targeting intracellular pathogens.
Review
Physiology
Farrah Kheradmand, Yun Zhang, David B. Corry
Summary: The pathophysiology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has long focused on innate immune cells, but recent data suggests that adaptive immune cells also contribute to lung destruction. The presence of activated and organized adaptive immune cells in emphysematous lungs indicates their role in COPD. Experimental models have shown that Th1 and Th17 subsets activate innate immune cells, confirming their involvement in emphysema pathogenesis.
PHYSIOLOGICAL REVIEWS
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nathalie Tisch, Carmen Ruiz de Almodovar
Summary: The formation of new blood vessels involves proliferation of endothelial cells and vessel sprout elongation, along with vessel remodeling and regression to adapt vessel density. Recent studies focus on how vessel regression and cell death contribute to this process, challenging the simplistic view of cell death machinery as only promoting cellular demise. This review highlights the role of cell death signaling pathways, particularly apoptosis and necroptosis, in blood vessel formation during development and pathology.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Wafaa Mahmoud, Alexander Perniss, Krupali Poharkar, Aichurek Soultanova, Uwe Pfeil, Andreas Hoek, Sudhanshu Bhushan, Torsten Hain, Ulrich Gaertner, Wolfgang Kummer
Summary: Airway conducting cells are lined by different cell types, including neuroendocrine cells, which play a key role in regulating immune responses, mainly through the release of CXCL13. These cells exhibit varied expression patterns in different locations, potentially playing a role in immune regulation and B cell homeostasis.
CELL AND TISSUE RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Teresa Balbi, Manon Auguste, Caterina Ciacci, Laura Canesi
Summary: Studies have identified marine bivalves as a key group for studying immunological responses to pollutant exposure, with the need for measuring immune biomarkers in hemocytes and hemolymph to evaluate overall impact. Utilizing cutting-edge technology such as -omics can reveal the complexity of immune responses and help understand the mechanisms behind immune dysfunction induced by pollutants. Integrating different approaches can contribute to knowledge on sensitivity of bivalve species to multiple stressors and their susceptibility to disease.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Allergy
Md Ashik Ullah, Cristina T. Vicente, Natasha Collinson, Bodie Curren, Md Al Amin Sikder, Ismail Sebina, Jennifer Simpson, Antiopi Varelias, Jonathan A. Lindquist, Manuel A. R. Ferreira, Simon Phipps
Article
Immunology
Jason P. Lynch, Rhiannon B. Werder, Bodie F. Curren, Md. Al Amin Sikder, Ashik Ullah, Ismail Sebina, Ridwan B. Rashid, Vivian Zhang, John W. Upham, Geoff R. Hill, Raymond J. Steptoe, Simon Phipps
MUCOSAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2020)
Review
Virology
Ismail Sebina, Simon Phipps
Article
Microbiology
Zhixuan Loh, Jennifer Simpson, Ashik Ullah, Vivian Zhang, Wan J. Gan, Jason P. Lynch, Rhiannon B. Werder, Al Amin Sikder, Katie Lane, Choon Boon Sim, Enzo Porrello, Stuart B. Mazzone, Peter D. Sly, Raymond J. Steptoe, Kirsten M. Spann, Maria B. Sukkar, John W. Upham, Simon Phipps
Article
Allergy
Venkata Sita Rama Raju Allam, Alen Faiz, Margaret Lam, Senani N. H. Rathnayake, Benedikt Ditz, Simon D. Pouwels, Corry-Anke Brandsma, Wim Timens, Pieter S. Hiemstra, Gaik W. Tew, Maggie Neighbors, Michele Grimbaldeston, Maarten van den Berge, Sheila Donnelly, Simon Phipps, Jane E. Bourke, Maria B. Sukkar
Summary: In COPD, inhibition of RAGE signaling may protect against airway neutrophilia and AHR. In contrast, inhibition of TLR4 signaling does not provide the same protective effects. Smoking status may have negative regulatory effects on the expression of AGER and TLR4 genes.
Article
Biology
Katina D. Hulme, Anjana C. Karawita, Cassandra Pegg, Myrna J. M. Bunte, Helle Bielefeldt-Ohmann, Conor J. Bloxham, Silvie Van den Hoecke, Yin Xiang Setoh, Bram Vrancken, Monique Spronken, Lauren E. Steele, Nathalie A. J. Verzele, Kyle R. Upton, Alexander A. Khromykh, Keng Yih Chew, Maria Sukkar, Simon Phipps, Kirsty R. Short
Summary: Influenza virus variants are more prevalent in pregnant and/or obese individuals due to their impaired interferon response. The non-allergic, paucigranulocytic subtype of asthma is associated with impaired type I interferon production, leading to increased disease severity and emergence of influenza virus variants in asthmatic mice. Asthmatic patients may be more susceptible to severe influenza and could potentially be a source of new influenza virus variants.
Article
Immunology
Md Ashik Ullah, Sonja Rittchen, Jia Li, Sumaira Z. Hasnain, Simon Phipps
Summary: In neonatal mice infected with PVM, treatment with the DP1 agonist BW245c increased IFN-lambda production and reduced viral load in the first week of infection. However, in the second week, BW245c treatment unexpectedly led to higher mortality, possibly due to viral spread, increased cellular infiltration, and elevated production of pro-inflammatory cytokines like TNF-alpha. Administering an anti-TNF-alpha antibody alleviated these effects, suggesting that pharmacological activation of DP1 receptor can boost antiviral immunity but may have detrimental consequences.
MUCOSAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Allergy
Yuan Gao, Ralph Nanan, Laurence Macia, Jian Tan, Luba Sominsky, Thomas P. Quinn, Martin O'Hely, Anne-Louise Ponsonby, Mimi L. K. Tang, Fiona Collier, Deborah H. Strickland, Poshmaal Dhar, Susanne Brix, Simon Phipps, Peter D. Sly, Sarath Ranganathan, Jakob Stokholm, Karsten Kristiansen, Lawrence E. K. Gray, Peter Vuillermin
Summary: Environmental exposures during pregnancy can impact maternal gut microbiome and the risk of allergic disease and asthma in infants. Various mechanisms may be involved, leading to accelerated immune phenotype transition at birth, reducing the risk of allergic disease and asthma.
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Stuart B. Mazzone, Seung-Kwon Yang, Jennifer A. Keller, Juste Simanauskaite, Jaisy Arikkatt, Matthew J. Fogarty, Aung Aung Kywe Moe, Chen Chen, Matthew W. Trewella, Luyi Tian, Matthew E. Ritchie, Brendan Y. Chua, Simon Phipps, Kirsty R. Short, Alice E. McGovern
Summary: The study suggests that HMGB1 can enhance the growth and excitability of vagal sensory neurons primarily through the regulation of the RAGE receptor. This mechanism may contribute to vagal hyperinnervation and hypersensitivity in chronic pulmonary diseases.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Wen Juan Tu, Robert D. McCuaig, Michelle Melino, Daniel J. Rawle, Thuy T. Le, Kexin Yan, Andreas Suhrbier, Rebecca L. Johnston, Lambros T. Koufariotis, Nicola Waddell, Emily M. Cross, Sofiya Tsimbalyuk, Amanda Bain, Elizabeth Ahern, Natasha Collinson, Simon Phipps, Jade K. Forwood, Nabila Seddiki, Sudha Rao
Summary: A novel SARS-CoV-2 viral replication mechanism mediated by interactions between ACE2 and LSD1 has been discovered, and two new peptide inhibitors can competitively inhibit virus-ACE2 interactions to significantly inhibit viral replication. ACE2, in addition to being expressed on the cell membrane, also has a nuclear shuttling domain that can be blocked by a nuclear-specific ACE2 inhibitor, effectively inhibiting viral replication in cells.
Article
Cell Biology
Jemma Nicholls, Benjamin Cao, Laetitia Le Texier, Laura Yan Xiong, Christopher R. Hunter, Genesis Llanes, Ethan G. Aguliar, Wayne A. Schroder, Simon Phipps, Jason P. Lynch, Huimin Cao, Shen Y. Heazlewood, Brenda Williams, Andrew D. Clouston, Christian M. Nefzger, Jose M. Polo, Susan K. Nilsson, Bruce R. Blazar, Kelli P. A. MacDonald
Summary: BM-Treg and pTreg exhibit distinct characteristics, including differential expression of chemokine receptors, transcription factors, and cell cycle control genes. BM-Treg show unique properties and are functionally and phenotypically different from splenic Treg.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Simon D. Pouwels, Laura Hesse, Xinhui Wu, Venkata Sita Rama Raju Allam, Daan van Oldeniel, Linsey J. Bhiekharie, Simon Phipps, Brian G. Oliver, Reinoud Gosens, Maria B. Sukkar, Irene H. Heijink
Summary: Activation of RAGE by its ligands LL-37 and HMGB1 induces acute lung tissue damage and impedes alveolar epithelial repair, suggesting the therapeutic potential of RAGE inhibitors for lung tissue repair in emphysema.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LUNG CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Respiratory System
Venkata Sita Rama Raju Allam, Stelios Pavlidis, Gang Liu, Nazanin Zounemat Kermani, Jennifer Simpson, Joyce To, Sheila Donnelly, Yi-Ke Guo, Philip M. Hansbro, Simon Phipps, Eric F. Morand, Ratko Djukanovic, Peter Sterk, Kian Fan Chung, Ian Adcock, James Harris, Maria B. Sukkar
Summary: The study showed that MIF protein correlates with clinical and molecular features of severe neutrophilic asthma and reduces the biological activity of annexin-A1 through interaction, promoting glucocorticoid resistance of neutrophilic inflammation.
Article
Immunology
Md Moniruzzaman, M. Arifur Rahman, Ran Wang, Kuan Yau Wong, Alice C. -H. Chen, Alexandra Mueller, Steven Taylor, Alexa Harding, Thishan Illankoon, Percival Wiid, Haressh Sajiir, Veronika Schreiber, Lucy D. Burr, Michael A. Mcguckin, Simon Phipps, Sumaira Z. Hasnain
Summary: This study reveals an important role of IL-22 in regulating the expression of epithelial cell-specific MHC II. IL-22 suppresses MHC II expression by modulating endoplasmic reticulum stress. This finding is significant for understanding the homeostatic regulation of epithelial cell MHC II.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Bodie Curren, Tufael Ahmed, Daniel R. Howard, Md. Ashik Ullah, Ismail Sebina, Ridwan B. Rashid, Md. Al Amin Sikder, Patricia Namubiru, Alec Bissell, Sylvia Ngo, David J. Jackson, Marie Toussaint, Michael R. Edwards, Sebastian L. Johnston, Henry J. McSorley, Simon Phipps
Summary: Rhinvovirus-induced neutrophils and IL-33 play important roles in acute asthma exacerbations, and blocking IL-33 release can alleviate the severity of the exacerbation by attenuating neutrophil recruitment and the generation of NETs.
MUCOSAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)