Article
Physiology
Tomas Ros, Jessica Kwiek, Theo Andriot, Abele Michela, Patrik Vuilleumier, Valentina Garibotto, Nathalie Ginovart
Summary: The study aimed to evaluate the impact of neurofeedback on endogenous dopamine release using positron emission tomography (PET). Significant dopamine release was observed in the frontal cortex and anterior cingulate cortex in both neurofeedback and electromyography training groups, suggesting a potential link between changes in brain state and neuromodulation. This study represents the first direct investigation of neurofeedback's effect on endogenous release of a key neuromodulator, demonstrating its feasibility for future research.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Yasuharu Yamamoto, Keisuke Takahata, Manabu Kubota, Harumasa Takano, Hiroyoshi Takeuchi, Yasuyuki Kimura, Yasunori Sano, Shin Kurose, Hiroshi Ito, Masaru Mimura, Makoto Higuchi
Summary: The study revealed a significant positive correlation between DA synthesis capacity and DA transporter availability in the putamen, but no significant correlation between DA synthesis capacity and D2 receptor availability in the striatum, indicating a relationship between DA synthesis capacity and reuptake, while the total abundance of D2 receptors may not directly participate in the regulatory mechanism.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Andreas-Antonios Roussakis, Zhou Zeng, Nicholas P. Lao-Kaim, Antonio Martin-Bastida, Paola Piccini
Summary: The study found that in moderate-stage Parkinson's disease, asymmetry in striatal dopaminergic degeneration becomes less prominent over time, while the asymmetry of motor symptoms remains consistent between the clinically most and least affected body sides.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Tomoo Inubushi, Masanori Ito, Yutaro Mori, Masami Futatsubashi, Kengo Sato, Shigeru Ito, Masamichi Yokokura, Tomomi Shinke, Yosuke Kameno, Akihiro Kakimoto, Toshihiko Kanno, Hiroyuki Okada, Yasuomi Ouchi, Etsuji Yoshikawa
Summary: The study compared changes in brain activity, cerebral blood flow, and dopamine release during PET scans under restrained and unrestrained conditions, as well as psychological stress responses related to head restraint. The results indicated that head restraint could cause undesired responses in brain physiology and emotional states.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Bryan Q. Abadie, Nicholas Chan, Zarina Sharalaya, Pavan Bhat, Serge Harb, Miriam Jacob, Randall C. Starling, W. H. Wilson Tang, Paul C. Cremer, Wael A. Jaber
Summary: This study validates the diagnostic and prognostic value of an algorithm using PET/CT scanning with myocardial blood flow (MBF) for cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV). PET CAV 0 has a high negative predictive value for moderate to severe CAV, while PET CAV 2/3 has a high positive predictive value. PET/CT scanning with MBF is a reasonable alternative to invasive coronary angiography for CAV screening.
JACC-HEART FAILURE
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Hiroki Kato, Tatsusada Okuno, Kayako Isohashi, Toru Koda, Mikito Shimizu, Hideki Mochizuki, Yuji Nakatsuji, Jun Hatazawa
Summary: This study used quantitative PET scans to observe increased metabolism of reactive astrocytes and compromised integrity of neuronal tracts in the brains of patients with multiple sclerosis. The activation of astrocytes and the associated pathology in multiple sclerosis were visualized through quantitative 1-C-11 acetate PET imaging.
JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM
(2021)
Editorial Material
Hematology
Andrew Wirth, N. George Mikhaeel
Summary: This study demonstrates that in patients with DLBCL, those who are EOT PET-negative may be spared from radiotherapy, while selected patients with EOT PET-positive sites can achieve outcomes comparable to PET-negative patients when receiving selective treatment.
Review
Oncology
Kenji Hirata, Nagara Tamaki
Summary: Positron emission tomography (PET) allows quantitative assessment of tumour biology, particularly metabolic activity, treatment monitoring, and predicting prognosis. Biochemical changes assessed by FDG-PET are often more sensitive than morphological changes, with complete metabolic response indicating better prognosis. Recent studies have introduced machine learning techniques and texture analysis for tissue characterization and predicting treatment effect based on FDG-PET imaging.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sebastien Bergeret, Cristina Birzu, Pierre Meneret, Alain Giron, Sophie Demeret, Clemence Marois, Louis Cousyn, Laura Rozenblum, Alice Laurenge, Agusti Alentorn, Vincent Navarro, Dimitri Psimaras, Aurelie Kas
Summary: This study retrospectively analyzed FDG PET results of patients diagnosed with autoimmune encephalitis (AE) between 2015 and 2020. The study found that 98% of patients showed abnormal PET results, displaying higher sensitivity compared to MRI (53%). The most frequent abnormalities were medial temporal lobe and/or striatum hypermetabolism, cortical hypometabolism, and cerebellum abnormalities. LGI1 AE showed more frequent medial temporal lobe hypermetabolism, while NMDAR AE showed widespread cortical hypometabolism. GAD AE showed fewer abnormalities. Striatum hypermetabolism was more frequent in patients treated for less than 1 month, suggesting a relation to disease activity.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Ronny R. Buechel, Domenico Ciancone, Adam Bakula, Elia von Felten, Gian-Andrea Schmidt, Dimitri Patriki, Christoph Graeni, Andreas Wahl, Robert Manka, Bettina Heidecker, Dominik C. Benz, Andreas A. Giannopoulos, Aju P. Pazhenkottil, Philipp A. Kaufmann
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of myocardial inflammation on myocardial blood flow (MBF) using 13N-ammonia positron emission tomography myocardial perfusion imaging (PET-MPI) in patients with a history of myocarditis. The results showed that patients with healed myocarditis had higher stress MBF, myocardial flow reserve (MFR), and ammonia washout compared to remote segments. Additionally, some patients were diagnosed with myocardial scar by PET-MPI without corresponding late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) on cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR).
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Eleni Rebelos, Andrea Mari, Vesa Oikonen, Hidehiro Iida, Pirjo Nuutila, Ele Ferrannini
Summary: This study aimed to assess whether [18F]FDG-PET can be used in the study of renal glucose metabolism in humans. The results showed that [18F]FDG-PET can still provide relevant physiological information on regional renal glucose uptake, as long as [18F]FDG uptake is corrected for tubular radioactivity.
METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Kai Wang, Xiaobin Zhao, Leilei Yuan, Qian Chen, Qun Wang, Lin Ai
Summary: An asymmetric F-18-FDG metabolic pattern exists in patients with anti-LGI1 encephalitis, and varied regional metabolic differences were revealed bilaterally in specific cerebral areas.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Federica Matteucci, Giovanni Paganelli, Giovanni Martinelli, Claudio Cerchione
Summary: Recent advances in the diagnosis and treatment of multiple myeloma have emphasized the importance of imaging methods, particularly PET/CT, in providing accurate information for disease localization, prognosis, and therapy response evaluation. While 18F-FDG tracer is commonly used and has high sensitivity, limitations such as physiological uptake in the bone marrow and brain have prompted research on other PET tracers for improved accuracy in multiple myeloma management.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Haiyan Wang, Yaping Wu, Zhenxing Huang, Zhicheng Li, Na Zhang, Fangfang Fu, Nan Meng, Haining Wang, Yun Zhou, Yongfeng Yang, Xin Liu, Dong Liang, Hairong Zheng, Greta S. P. Mok, Meiyun Wang, Zhanli Hu
Summary: Our proposed deep learning method can synthesize highly correlated and consistent dynamic parametric images obtained from static lung PET. The image quality of the synthesized images was evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively, and statistical analysis of correlation and consistency was performed on the synthetic images.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Kyoungjune Pak, Lauri Nummenmaa
Summary: This study investigated the association between dopamine receptor availability and overweight/obesity using Bayesian and frequentist meta-analysis. The results showed that there was no difference in dopamine receptor availability between lean and overweight/obese subjects, but this effect was dependent on the radiopharmaceutical and the degree of obesity.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Vinay Gupta, Samuel Booth, Ji Hyun Ko, Alzheimers Dis Neroimaging Initiative
Summary: Regional hypermetabolism, especially in the cerebellum, is an important characteristic of Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study confirms that the hypermetabolic regions are not an artefact and may play a role in the pathology of AD. Graph theory analysis shows that the hypermetabolism in the cerebellum is associated with changes in brain connectivity.
BRAIN CONNECTIVITY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Angus Lau, Iman Beheshti, Mandana Modirrousta, Tiffany A. Kolesar, Andrew L. Goertzen, Ji Hyun Ko
Summary: Dementia, which includes Alzheimer's disease, presents challenges in early detection and differential diagnosis, with potential for future research on metabolic patterns.
Article
Neurosciences
An Vo, Katharina A. Schindlbeck, Nha Nguyen, Andrea Rommal, Phoebe G. Spetsieris, Chris C. Tang, Yoon Young Choi, Martin Niethammer, Vijay Dhawan, David Eidelberg
Summary: Functional imaging is widely used to identify disease-specific networks in neurodegenerative disorders. In Parkinson's disease, network assortativity increases over time, with high assortativity associated with clinically aggressive genetic variants and low assortativity associated with genes related to slow progression.
Article
Psychology, Biological
Shiva Shabro, Christina Meier, Kevin Leonard, Andrew L. Goertzen, Ji Hyun Ko, Debbie M. Kelly
Summary: Pigeons, as long-lived and slowly aging animals, provide valuable insights into age-related brain changes. A study using eye-capping technique and FDG-PET imaging found that very old pigeons performed worse in a discrimination task and showed no hemispheric activation differences compared to adult and old pigeons, where the left hemisphere was most active.
LEARNING & BEHAVIOR
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Tomaz Rus, Katharina A. Schindlbeck, Chris C. Tang, An Vo, Vijay Dhawan, Maja Trost, David Eidelberg
Summary: The study aimed to explore the relationship between the two brain networks, PDRP and PDCP, in patients with Parkinson's disease, finding a predominance of PDRP over PDCP which can aid in differential diagnosis and tracking disease progression in different types of Parkinson's disease.
MOVEMENT DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Marcus C. Ng, Hussam El-Alawi, Darion Toutant, Eun Hyung Choi, Natalie Wright, Manzuma Khanam, Bojan Paunovic, Ji Hyun Ko
Summary: The feasibility of using high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (hd-tDCS) in the treatment of refractory status epilepticus (RSE) was tested. It was found to be safe and effective in reducing epileptiform activity and improving discharge rates.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Matej Perovnik, Tomaz Rus, Katharina A. Schindlbeck, David Eidelberg
Summary: Network analytical tools are used to study brain diseases by analyzing imaging maps. Specific networks can be identified and validated, allowing for quantitative assessment of pathway changes over time and during treatment. Network abnormalities can be identified before symptoms and used to track disease progression and treatment efficacy. The development of analogous methods for functional MRI has expanded the application of network tools to diverse patient populations.
NATURE REVIEWS NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jarrad Perron, Ji Hyun Ko
Summary: This study provides a thorough review of the quantitative methods for the detection of Alzheimer's disease (AD) from neuroimaging studies acquired with positron emission tomography (PET), with a special focus on supervised machine/deep learning techniques as quantitative tools for AD detection. The study highlights the limitations of AD diagnosis and the potential of quantitative methods in improving its accuracy. The review covers the epidemiology, pathology, and role of PET imaging and tracers for AD detection, as well as various quantitative methods used in the literature.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
An Vo, Nha Nguyen, Koji Fujita, Katharina A. Schindlbeck, Andrea Rommal, Susan B. Bressman, Martin Niethammer, David Eidelberg
Summary: Primary dystonia is caused by abnormal functional relationships between basal ganglia and cerebellar motor circuits. Resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) can provide unique information on the anatomy of abnormal brain circuits, and it is found that networks involving basal ganglia, cerebellum, thalamus, sensorimotor areas, and cortical association regions are elevated in hereditary and sporadic dystonia. The expression of these networks is correlated with dystonia motor ratings and can improve the accuracy of predictions for new treatments.
Correction
Clinical Neurology
Matej Perovnik, Tomaz Rus, Katharina A. A. Schindlbeck, David Eidelberg
NATURE REVIEWS NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Michael He, Tiffany A. Kolesar, Andrew L. Goertzen, Marcus C. Ng, Ji Hyun Ko
Summary: Although not traditionally associated, Alzheimer's disease (AD) and epilepsy share common features and can increase the risk of each other. This study utilized a machine learning algorithm (MAD) to analyze fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) scans from epilepsy patients with and without cognitive symptoms. The results suggest that FDG-PET, combined with machine learning, may be useful in predicting dementia development in non-demented epilepsy patients. Further longitudinal studies are needed to evaluate the effectiveness of this approach.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Martin Niethammer, Chris C. C. Tang, Roland Dominic G. Jamora, An Vo, Nha Nguyen, Yilong Ma, Shichun Peng, Jeff L. Waugh, Ana Westenberger, David Eidelberg
Summary: The objective of this study was to characterize a metabolic brain network associated with X-linked dystonia-parkinsonism (XDP). PET scans were conducted on Filipino men with XDP and healthy men without the condition. The results showed that XDP is associated with abnormal functional connectivity in the brain.
ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neuroimaging
Phoebe G. Spetsieris, David Eidelberg
Summary: Notable progress has been made in the study of neurodegenerative diseases using reduction techniques such as principal component analysis (PCA) and sparse inverse covariance estimation (SICE) in positron emission tomography (PET) data. In a recent study on Parkinson's disease (PD) patients, SICE combined with PCA was used to optimize maps of functional metabolic connectivity and identify key regional hubs and their connections in the brain. This approach revealed a core subnetwork that remained consistent across PD patients and could serve as a target for disease modification.
NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Marcus C. Ng, Hussam El-Alawi, Darion Toutant, Eun Hyung Choi, Natalie Wright, Manzuma Khanam, Bojan Paunovic, Ji Hyun Ko
Summary: This study tested the feasibility of using high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (hd-tDCS) in the treatment of refractory status epilepticus (RSE). The results showed that hd-tDCS significantly reduced epileptiform activity in RSE patients and compared to historical controls, hd-tDCS subjects had a significantly higher discharge rate from the intensive care unit.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Samuel Booth, Kye Won Park, Chong Sik Lee, Ji Hyun
Summary: A FDG-PET based SVM classifier showed potential in accurately predicting the risk of dementia development in patients with Parkinson's disease with mild cognitive impairment. The model demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity in distinguishing PDD converters from stable MCI patients, and was validated with independent data sets.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2022)
