期刊
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
卷 480, 期 2, 页码 2266-2283出版社
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/mnras/sty1936
关键词
methods: numerical; galaxies: evolution; galaxies: formation; galaxies: high-redshift; galaxies: interactions
资金
- Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) [ST/N504105/1]
- Worcester College Oxford
- Adrian Beecroft
- STFC
- European Research Council (ERC) [670193]
- Large Facilities Capital Fund of the Department for Business Innovation and Skills (BIS)
- French Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR) [ANR-13-BS05-0005]
- Oxford Martin School
- STFC [ST/P002307/1, ST/R002363/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- National Research Foundation of Korea [00000001] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)
Understanding the processes that trigger morphological transformation is central to understanding how and why the Universe transitions from being disc-dominated at early epochs to having the morphological mix that is observed today. We use Horizon-AGN, a cosmological hydrodynamical simulation, to perform a comprehensive study of the processes that drive morphological change in massive (M-*/M-circle dot > 10(10)) galaxies over cosmic time. We show that (1) essentially all the morphological evolution in galaxies that are spheroids at z = 0 is driven by mergers with mass ratios greater than 1 : 10; (2) major mergers alone cannot produce today's spheroid population - minor mergers are responsible for a third of all morphological transformation over cosmic time and are its dominant driver after z similar to 1; (3) prograde mergers trigger milder morphological transformation than retrograde mergers - while both types of event produce similar morphological changes at z > 2, the average change due to retrograde mergers is around twice that due to their prograde counterparts at z similar to 0; (4) remnant morphology depends strongly on the gas fraction of a merger, with gas-rich mergers routinely re-growing discs; and (5) at a given stellar mass, discs do not exhibit drastically different merger histories from spheroids - disc survival in mergers is driven by acquisition of cold gas (via cosmological accretion and gas-rich interactions) and a preponderance of prograde mergers in their merger histories.
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