Review
Plant Sciences
Boas Pucker, Dirk Selmar
Summary: Flavonoids are a diverse group of specialized metabolites derived from phenylalanine in plants. While the biosynthesis and decoration steps of flavonoids are well characterized, the subcellular transport mechanisms and species-specific decoration steps are still not fully understood.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Pablo Jose Rufino-Moya, Juan Ramon Bertolin, Mireia Blanco, Sandra Lobon, Margalida Joy
Summary: The study found that haymaking had a greater impact on the fatty acid, carotenoid, and alpha-tocopherol contents, but a lesser effect on antioxidant activities than silage-making, which were strongly related to their contents of polyphenols and proanthocyanidins.
JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ksenia Strygina, Elena Khlestkina
Summary: Flavonoids play a crucial role in plant development and stress protection, with the biosynthesis regulated by various enzymes. Methylation may impact the expression of TaCHI genes, while differences in promoter structure of TaF3H genes can affect gene expression patterns.
Article
Plant Sciences
Chongmin Wang, Jun Li, Tao Zhou, Yongping Zhang, Haijun Jin, Xiaoqing Liu
Summary: This study analyzed the transcriptome of I. stachyodes roots to gain insights into the biosynthesis regulatory network of proanthocyanidins (PAs). It identified key structural genes and transcription factors involved in PA biosynthesis, and provided new insights into the molecular pathways underlying PA accumulation.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Shu-Xi Jing, Mariana Reis, Yvette Alania, James B. McAlpine, Shao-Nong Chen, Ana K. Bedran-Russo, Guido F. Pauli
Summary: A scalable preparative isolation scheme was developed to obtain six underivatized cocoa proanthocyanidins, revealing the importance of linkage site in determining the potency of these PACs as dentin biomodifiers.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Aleksandra Mikhailova, Ksenia Strygina, Elena Khlestkina
Summary: This study conducted a comprehensive in silico analysis of the regulatory gene families R2R3-Myb, bHLH-Myc, and WD40 involved in the biosynthesis of flavonoid pigment PAs in cotton. The study identified regulatory genes in various cotton species and analyzed their structural organization and functionality. The findings have implications for marker-assisted selection or genome editing in creating naturally colored cotton cultivars with agriculturally valuable traits.
TURKISH JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY
(2022)
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Supriya Verma, Friedhelm Taube, Carsten S. Malisch
Summary: In recent years, secondary plant metabolites with antimethanogenic properties have been identified, particularly in tannin-rich forages. However, the variability in results and effects on animal performance and nutrition are highly inconclusive. Understanding the structural characteristics of tannins and optimizing analytical techniques can lead to more comparable and repeatable results in studying their antimethanogenic potential.
Article
Plant Sciences
Allaoua Nouri, Lakhdar Gasmi, Amina Safsaf, Daoud Harzallah, Seddik Khennouf, Saliha Dahamna
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the ethnopharmacology and safety of Echium trygorrhizum Pomel, a plant widely used in traditional Algerian medicine. It was found that this plant is commonly used for the treatment of jaundice, diabetes, and tonsillitis. The aqueous extract of this plant was found to contain high levels of polyphenols, flavonoids, and tannins. Acute and sub-acute toxicity tests conducted on mice and rats showed no toxicity at high doses. Therefore, it can be concluded that this plant extract has potential medicinal uses and is relatively safe.
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Francesco Maioli, Luigi Sanarica, Lorenzo Cecchi, Bruno Zanoni, Nadia Mulinacci, Valentina Canuti
Summary: In this study, 21 oenotannins from different botanical origins were investigated in a model wine solution. The reactivity against proteins and antioxidant properties were found to be influenced by the chemical structure and botanical origin of the oenotannins. The highest turbidity values were observed for gallic hydrolysable tannins. Based on the findings, two formulations were prepared to increase and decrease the oxidation-reduction potential of the model wine.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Emad F. Newair, Mohamed Khairy
Summary: This study presents the quantification of proanthocyanidins (PAs) isolated from grapevine using disposable screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCE). Procyanidin B2 (B2) was used to investigate the electrochemical characteristics of complex PAs structures. The results showed that SPCE is a reliable method for analyzing PAs in grapevine samples, with consistent results compared to the traditional Folin-Ciocalteu standard method.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ji Hyung Jun, Nan Lu, Maite Docampo-Palacios, Xiaoqiang Wang, Richard A. Dixon
Summary: The study reveals that anthocyanidin reductase (ANR) is not only involved in producing the starter units of PAs, but also in forming extension units, and differences in the product specificities of ANRs account for the polymerization of PAs and the composition variations across different plant species.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Xuwei Liu, Carine Le Bourvellec, Sylvain Guyot, Catherine M. G. C. Renard
Summary: Flavanols, a subgroup of polyphenols with antioxidant properties, are naturally produced in plants and have significant effects on human health. However, their changes during physical processing, such as oxidation, polymerization, degradation, and epimerization, are often underestimated due to analytical challenges. Research on the effects of physical processing techniques on flavanol content and structural changes is important for improving nutritional value, but further studies are needed to better understand the role of flavanols in food processing.
COMPREHENSIVE REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND FOOD SAFETY
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Olesya Yu. Shoeva, Marina A. Mukhanova, Shakhira Zakhrabekova, Mats Hansson
Summary: In this study, the molecular function of the Ant13 locus in barley was determined. It was found that Ant13 encodes a regulatory protein that plays a crucial role in the transcriptional activation of structural genes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis. Additionally, the mutants deficient in the Ant13 locus exhibited decreased root and shoot growth and yield-related parameters.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Yunlin Cao, Huimin Jia, Mengyun Xing, Rong Jin, Donald Grierson, Zhongshan Gao, Chongde Sun, Kunsong Chen, Changjie Xu, Xian Li
Summary: The study conducted a genome-wide analysis of MYB genes in Chinese bayberry, identifying 174 MrMYB transcription factors. Different types of MrMYB genes with distinct expression patterns were found, and some were identified as regulators of flavonoid biosynthesis.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Haiying Lei, Tianzeng Niu, Huifang Song, Bianxia Bai, Peng Han, Zhijun Wang, Ake Liu
Summary: This study found that the flavonoid content was significantly higher in triennial Sophora flavescens than in biennial plants, with lateral roots having higher flavonoid content than taproots. Through de novo transcriptome data, 92 genes encoding enzymes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis were identified to show differential expression between biennial and triennial S. flavescens. Insights into the molecular mechanism of flavonoid biosynthesis during S. flavescens cultivation were provided through gene sequences and expression resources.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2021)
