Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jiang Min, Shenglan Yang, Yang Cai, David R. Vanderwall, Zhiping Wu, Shuping Li, Songlan Liu, Beibei Liu, Jie Wang, Yingjun Ding, Junxiong Chen, Chao Jiang, Jonathan D. Wren, Anna Csiszar, Zoltan Ungvari, Celine Greco, Tomoharu Kanie, Junmin Peng, Xin A. Zhang
Summary: In this study, it was found that Tspan8, a tetraspanin expressed specifically in epithelial cells, supports intestinal epithelial barrier and inhibits inflammation. Tspan8 determines the endocytosis route of IFN-gamma R1, leading to decreased Stat1 signaling. The findings suggest that Tspan8 plays a crucial role in stabilizing the intestine epithelium and preventing inflammation.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Masako Takatsu, Kunihiko Morihiro, Honoka Watanabe, Mizue Yuki, Takara Hattori, Kentaro Noi, Kohsuke Aikawa, Keiichi Noguchi, Masafumi Yohda, Takashi Okazoe, Akimitsu Okamoto
Summary: This study analyzed the cellular properties of DNA conjugates modified with perfluorocarbons (PFCs) and found that DNA conjugates with two or more PFC-containing units can penetrate cell membranes without causing damage. Furthermore, the modified DNA showed similar cell penetration and non-toxicity across different human cell lines, suggesting its potential as a nucleic acid delivery platform.
ACS CHEMICAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Valentin Schoop, Andrea Martello, Emily R. Eden, Doris Hoeglinger
Summary: This review provides an overview of methods used to study subcellular cholesterol localization and transport routes, including those based on downstream effects like esterification and the use of cholesterol-binding molecules for visualization and quantification. Researchers can choose the most relevant approach based on the challenges and advantages highlighted for each method.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR AND CELL BIOLOGY OF LIPIDS
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Adrian Moliere, Katharina B. Beer, Ann M. Wehman
Summary: Dopey family proteins play crucial roles in various biological processes and are related to Down syndrome and neurological diseases. However, research on Dopey proteins is insufficient and their functions are not yet clear.
JOURNAL OF CELL SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ludger Johannes
Summary: Biological membranes, as stable barriers that delimitate cells, are highly dynamic and enable lateral diffusion, transbilayer passage, and endocytic uptake. Lipids and complex sugars, the fundamental fabrics of membranes, are synthesized through complex biosynthetic enzymes, making them challenging to study using conventional reverse genetics. Organic synthesis offers new avenues for research in membrane glycobiology and its application in biomedicine.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maria Isabel Quiros-Fallas, Krissia Wilhelm-Romero, Silvia Quesada-Mora, Gabriela Azofeifa-Cordero, Luis Felipe Vargas-Huertas, Diego Alvarado-Corella, Juan Jose Mora-Roman, Jose Roberto Vega-Baudrit, Mirtha Navarro-Hoyos, Andrea Mariela Araya-Sibaja
Summary: This study focused on the issues of poor solubility and short biological half-life of curcumin (CUR). By characterizing the properties of CUR-loaded nanoparticles and conducting in vitro and in vivo experiments, it was found that CUR-loaded nanoparticles exhibited significant improvements in solubility, immune activity, and antioxidant activity. Moreover, these nanoparticles showed significant cytotoxic effects on gastric adenocarcinoma and colon adenocarcinoma cell lines, indicating their potential for phytotherapeutic applications.
Review
Engineering, Biomedical
Ana Martin-Pardillos, Pilar Martin-Duque
Summary: Nanoparticles have unique properties useful for various biomedical and industrial applications, but their biosafety is a growing concern. This review focuses on the impact of nanoparticles on cellular metabolism. Some nanoparticles can modify glucose and lipid metabolism, which is promising for diabetes, obesity, and cancer treatment. However, their lack of specificity and potential toxicity to non-targeted cells can lead to detrimental side effects. Identifying metabolic alterations caused by nanoparticles, regardless of their application, is crucial for safer use and increased availability for diagnosis and treatment of human diseases.
JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL BIOMATERIALS
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alfredo Erazo-Oliveras, Monica Munoz-Vega, Michael L. Salinas, Xiaoli Wang, Robert S. Chapkin
Summary: Cellular membranes play a crucial role in mediating cellular signaling pathways. Loss of membrane homeostasis can lead to aberrant signaling and oncogenesis. Recent studies have shown that certain membrane active dietaries (MADs) can reshape biological membranes and reduce cancer risk.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yue Li, Yuwei Du, Zhengqing Xu, Yuan He, Ran Yao, Huiran Jiang, Wen Ju, Jianlin Qiao, Kailin Xu, Tzu-Ming Liu, Lingyu Zeng
Summary: Macrophages that are reactivated towards proinflammatory states accumulate intracellular lipid droplets, which serve as a structural biomarker for macrophage phenotyping. Researchers have developed fluorescent nanoparticles to label macrophages in mice and achieved functional identification of single macrophages in various tissues under acute or chronic inflammation. This innovative in vivo labeling and imaging system for single macrophage phenotyping has significant implications for the development of diagnostics and therapeutic monitoring, as well as the study of lipid trafficking and dynamics in vivo.
JOURNAL OF LIPID RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Elham Kamal Kazemi, Fereydoon Abedi-Gaballu, Tala Farid Mohammad Hosseini, Ali Mohammadi, Behzad Mansoori, Gholamreza Dehghan, Behzad Baradaran, Nader Sheibani
Summary: Lipid-based nanoparticles are used as drug delivery carriers for anti-cancer therapies. By modifying the nanoparticles with specific ligands, they can be recognized by receptors on cancer cells and internalized, enhancing the uptake of desired drugs. The cellular uptake of these nanoparticles is influenced by their physical and chemical properties, as well as the internalization pathways utilized by cells.
ANTI-CANCER AGENTS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Suji Ryu, Minki Jin, Hong-Ki Lee, Myeong-Hyeon Wang, Jong-Suep Baek, Cheong-Weon Cho
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effect of solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) and nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC) on the lymphatic uptake of 6-methoxyflavone (6MF). The results showed that SLN and NLC could improve the oral bioavailability and sustained therapeutic effect of 6MF. The composition of lipid matrix affected the physicochemical properties and release profiles of 6MF. Encapsulation of 6MF in lipid nanoparticles enhanced its cellular uptake. In vivo lymphatic uptake studies in rats revealed that SLN and NLC significantly improved the lymphatic uptake of 6MF.
JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL INVESTIGATION
(2022)
Article
Biology
Paula Mariela Gonzalez, Oaquin Cabrera, Susana Puntarulo
Summary: The purpose of this review is to summarize the role of iron (Fe) in cellular oxidative/protective balance with a focus on ferroptosis-dependent disruption in aquatic organisms. Increased intracellular Fe level and treatment with Fe chelators have been found to be related to ferroptosis. Algae assimilate Fe through various mechanisms, while aquatic animals acquire dissolved Fe and Fe bound to particles or organic matter. Both low and high Fe concentrations can induce oxidative stress and cell death in some algae, while aquatic animals with high levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids are also susceptible to Fe effects on lipidic fraction and ferroptosis. The ferroptosis reaction can be regulated through antioxidant defense system, protein degradation, metabolism, and gene transcription. Depletion of non-enzymatic antioxidants like reduced glutathione (GSH) in animals and reduction of both GSH and ascorbate in photosynthetic organisms are characteristic features of ferroptosis. Fe chelators, specific antioxidants, and gene regulation can prevent ferroptosis. Further research is needed to understand the complex role of Fe as a toxic component in biological systems and to protect aquatic organisms from adverse conditions.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Mohammad Ali Amini, Taksim Ahmed, Fuh-Ching Franky Liu, Azhar Z. Abbasi, Chesarahmia Dojo Soeandy, Rui Xue Zhang, Preethy Prashad, Carolyn L. Cummins, Andrew M. Rauth, Jeffrey T. Henderson, Xiao Yu Wu
Summary: This study successfully developed a polymer-lipid hybrid nanoparticle (PLN) system with size and shape transformability and investigated its mechanisms of cellular uptake and intracellular trafficking. The findings suggest that the transformability of PLNs and lipid-biology interplay can enhance drug penetration and retention in tumor cells and intracellular targets.
EXPERT OPINION ON DRUG DELIVERY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Han Han Ly, Simon Daniel, Shekinah K. V. Soriano, Zoltan Kis, Anna K. Blakney
Summary: Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) are crucial for RNA delivery, but there are challenges in optimizing the parameters and compositions for larger RNA payloads. This study used two design of experiments iterations to optimize saRNA formulations and found that PEG plays a critical role in preserving CQAs.
MOLECULAR PHARMACEUTICS
(2022)