Article
Cell Biology
Gurman Grewal, Bahar Patlar, Alberto Civetta
Summary: Through RNA interference, it was found that knockdown of genes such as bor and CSN5 in Drosophila resulted in complete sterility, while knockdown of Manf led to a decrease in mature sperm production. Normal germ-line expression of Mst89B and CG31287 is essential for effective sperm usage and egg fertilization.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Izarne Medina, Manuel Calleja, Gines Morata
Summary: Cell competition is a homeostatic process that eliminates unfit or undesirable cells by apoptosis, including tumor cells. In Drosophila, cells mutant for polyhomeotic (ph) are an exception and tend to survive and develop tumorous overgrowths in imaginal discs. The incompleteness of cell competition in ph mutant cells is attributed to their partial resistance to apoptosis and altered cell affinities due to the loss of ph function.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Biology
Felicien Degueldre, Serge Aron
Summary: Sperm competition is positively correlated with sperm production and viability but unrelated to sperm DNA integrity in Cataglyphis desert ants, highlighting the important role of sperm competition in shaping reproductive performance in eusocial Hymenoptera.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Fisheries
Haoyu Guo, Dongxue Zhang, Liang Wang, Wentao Li, Pingguo He, Joacim Naslund, Xiumei Zhang
Summary: Sperm competition in golden cuttlefish shows a consistent pattern of last-male sperm precedence, with no detected effect of male size on offspring paternity.This study contributes to the understanding of mating systems in cephalopods and highlights the importance of proper mating schemes for resource use efficiency and genetic diversity in offspring production.
Review
Cell Biology
Justin Van Goor, Diane C. Shakes, Eric S. Haag
Summary: This article discusses how anisogamy leads to the emergence of separate sexes in multicellular organisms and introduces the phenomenon of sperm competition. In large populations, the sex ratio tends towards unity, while in small inbred populations, skewed sex ratios can occur. Recent research has revealed the mechanisms underlying highly skewed sex ratios in nematodes.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Callum S. McDiarmid, Roger Li, Ariel F. Kahrl, Melissah Rowe, Simon C. Griffith
Summary: Research on sperm is important in various fields such as ecology and evolution. Sperm Sizer, a freely available Java program, can semi-automate the process of measuring sperm length efficiently. The program produces high quality sperm length data and can be used in various species.
BEHAVIORAL ECOLOGY AND SOCIOBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Jiang Yin, Changqun Duan, Fangjie Zhou, Lihua Gong, M. D. K. Lakmali Gunathilaka, Xiaoxuan Liu, Dan Liu, Ao Shen, Ying Pan
Summary: Although many studies have reported the negative effects of microplastics on aquatic organisms, this study provides evidence from a multiscale perspective on the impacts of microplastics on individual characteristics and population dynamics of two cladoceran species. The results show that microplastics have a significant impact on Daphnia magna, weakening its dominance in the coexistence system.
Article
Biology
Lisa Locatello, Oliviero Borgheresi, Federica Poli, Andrea Pilastro, Maria B. Rasotto
Summary: Males in many species have the ability to adjust their ejaculate performance in response to changing levels of sperm competition, with the black goby as an example of how territorial males release different proportions of sperm in the presence of sneakers. Field observations suggest a trade-off between ejaculation rate and territory defense.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mariel F. Schwietzer, Sonja Thoelmann, Daniel Kummer, Anne Kaschler, Lilo Greune, Eva-Maria Thuering, M. Alexander Schmidt, Volker Gerke, Klaus Ebnet
Summary: Entosis is a cell competition process where tumor cells engulf other tumor cells. Depletion of the cell adhesion receptor JAM-A increases the rate of entosis and is associated with dysregulation of CIL.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ferran Barrachina, Kiera Ottino, Maia Lina Elizagaray, Maria Gracia Gervasi, Leona J. Tu, Styliani Markoulaki, Raul G. Spallanzani, Diane Capen, Dennis Brown, Maria Agustina Battistone
Summary: Regulatory T cells play a crucial role in maintaining the tolerogenic state of the testis and epididymis. Depletion of Tregs leads to autoimmune orchitis and epididymitis, affecting sperm production and leading to fertility defects. Understanding these immunoregulatory mechanisms could aid in the development of new treatments for male infertility and immunocontraception.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Malin Ah-King
Summary: This article points out the gender bias in sexual selection research, both in the past and currently, with a focus on male-centered investigations. The author calls for the scientific community to recognize this bias and suggests strategies to alleviate it.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Juliana Agudelo, Catalina Alfonso-Parra, Frank W. Avila
Summary: The study found that male age has a significant impact on the re-mating incidence in female Aedes aegypti mates, with younger males having a competitive advantage. Regardless of the age of the initial mate, females displayed first male precedence. Additionally, younger males had more sperm at the time of mating, although both age groups transferred a similar number of sperm to their mates.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Jeremias N. Brand, Luke J. Harmon, Lukas Schaerer
Summary: This study investigates the correlation between sex allocation and reproductive behavior in hermaphroditic flatworms. The study finds that hypodermic insemination leads to a more female-biased sex allocation and is associated with selfing or biparental inbreeding. Additionally, a trade-off between male and female reproduction is observed, as well as a correlation between morphological indicators and sex allocation.
Article
Cell Biology
Charel Reuland, Leigh W. Simmons, Stefan Lupold, John L. Fitzpatrick
Summary: In polyandrous species, males face reproductive competition before and after mating, shaping the evolution of pre- and postcopulatory traits with differential resource allocation. Bovids and cervids exhibit accelerated evolution of male weaponry but slower evolution of sperm dimensions. Strong selection acts on both pre- and postcopulatory traits, with distinct evolutionary rates among different sperm components.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nour El Houda Mimouni, Come Ialy-Radio, Anne-Lyse Denizot, Isabelle Lagoutte, Michaela Frolikova, Katerina Komrskova, Sandrine Barbaux, Ahmed Ziyyat
Summary: This study demonstrates that while sperm integrins play a role in gamete adhesion/fusion, they can be replaced by other factors during fertilization in mice. However, integrin beta 1 from sperm and/or oocyte is essential for post-implantation development.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)