Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nusrat Islam Chaity, Mohd Nazmul Hasan Apu
Summary: The study identified potential associations between variants of CHRNA5 and CHRNA3 genes and nicotine dependence in Bengali male smokers, highlighting the influence of genetic polymorphisms and specific demographic characteristics on smoking behavior. Further research with larger sample sizes is needed to validate the findings.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Krzysztof Chmielowiec, Jolanta Chmielowiec, Aleksandra Stronska-Pluta, Grzegorz Trybek, Malgorzata Smiarowska, Aleksandra Suchanecka, Grzegorz Wozniak, Aleksandra Jaron, Anna Grzywacz
Summary: Smoking has a negative impact on public health, and genetic variants in the CHRNA5/A3/B4 gene cluster are associated with nicotine addiction. This study found that the rs1051730 polymorphism in the CHRNA3 gene was more common in nicotine-dependent individuals. Additionally, two novel haplotypes in the CHRNA3 gene were associated with nicotine addiction.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Nusrat Islam Chaity, Taposhi Nahid Sultana, Md Mehedi Hasan, Ishrat Islam Shrabonee, Noor Ahmed Nahid, Md Saiful Islam, Mohd Nazmul Hasan Apu
Summary: This study identified an association between CHRNA5-A3-B4 gene cluster variants and smoking behavior in the Bangladeshi population, with variants rs16969968 and rs578776 showing a strong correlation with smoking status. Additionally, a new haplotype, GAG, was found to be a protective factor for smoking.
PHARMACOLOGICAL REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Substance Abuse
Stephanie K. Jones, Anthony J. Alberg, Kristin Wallace, Brett Froeliger, Matthew J. Carpenter, Bethany J. Wolf
Summary: This study investigates the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and long-term smoking cessation in women. The results show that certain SNPs are associated with persistent smoking abstinence over decades of follow-up, while others are not. The findings also suggest that genetic associations may differ by smoking intensity.
NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Parisa Veiskarami, Massoud Houshmand, Sharareh Seifi, Nafiseh Ansarinejad, Farshid Fardad, Bahareh Abbasi
Summary: The study revealed a significant association between the CHRNA3 rs1051730C > T variant and the risk of developing lung cancer, as well as nicotine dependence in the Iranian population. However, no association was found for the ABCB1 rs3842A > G variant. These results suggest that the CHRNA3 rs1051730C > T variant may modify susceptibility to lung cancer among Iranians through a smoking-dependent mechanism.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alireza Sharafshah, Bahram Soltani, Parvaneh Keshavarz
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the association of variants in the OPRD1 gene with nicotine dependence in northern Iranians, but no significant association was found. Five haplotypes were identified, but none had a significant impact on nicotine dependence. Overall, the three variants studied were not linked to nicotine dependence among this population.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Patricia Maidana Miguel, Michael J. Meaney, Patricia Pelufo Silveira
Summary: Executive functions (EFs) are responsible for cognitive control of emotions and behaviors, as well as information processing for learning and memory. Impairments in EFs, including attention, working memory, flexibility, and self-regulation, are associated with various psychopathologies throughout life. EF development starts in early childhood and continues into early adulthood, with vulnerability to environmental influences. Genetic factors also contribute to interindividual variation in EFs, and recent studies have explored the relationship between early-life adversity, genetics, and EF development.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Chiara Bartolini, Alessandro Ignesti, Myriam Gitti, Fabrizio Brighenti, Anna Wolter, Alessia Moretti, Benedetta Vulcani, Bianca M. Poggianti, Marco Gullieuszik, Jacopo Fritz, Neven Tomicic
Summary: X-ray studies of jellyfish galaxies provide insights into the physics of the interaction between the interstellar medium (ISM) and intracluster medium (ICM). This study of the GASP jellyfish galaxy JO194 reveals extended X-ray emission originating from the ICM radiative cooling in the spiral arms, rather than from star formation. The observations suggest that conditions for extended X-ray emission are established at the beginning of the stripping process and can persist in galaxies in different clusters and evolutionary stages.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Shiqiang Cheng, Yan Wen, Li Liu, Bolun Cheng, Chujun Liang, Jing Ye, Xiaomeng Chu, Yao Yao, Yumeng Jia, Om Prakash Kafle, Feng Zhang
Summary: The study revealed that traumatic events during childhood significantly impact the risk of adult cigarette smoking and alcohol drinking, with certain genes interacting with these behaviors.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Jaroslav A. Hubacek, Ivana Kurcova, Vera Maresova, Alexandra Pankova, Lenka Stepankova, Kamila Zvolska, Vera Lanska, Eva Kralikova
Summary: The study analyzed the impact of smoking-related polymorphisms on plasma values of nicotine metabolites, finding significant associations between certain genetic variants and specific metabolite ratios. However, these associations were not directly linked to nicotine abstinence rates.
BIOMEDICAL PAPERS-OLOMOUC
(2021)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zheng Jiang, Zidong Chen, Xi Chen
Summary: This article reviews the research on gene-environment interactions in substance use and finds that certain genes have significant interaction effects under specific environmental factors. The diathesis-stress model is the most common interaction pattern observed. The article suggests that future studies should use consistent study designs and measures, control for confounding factors, and generate theory-based hypotheses.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Scott G. Carlsten, Jenny E. Greene, Rachael L. Beaton, Johnny P. Greco
Summary: This study presents the properties of globular clusters (GCs) and nuclear star clusters (NSCs) in low-mass satellites of Milky Way-like and small group hosts. The results show that the nucleation fraction is significantly lower in these low-density environments compared to nearby clusters. The masses of NSCs in these satellites also exhibit a similar scaling relationship to galaxy mass as clusters, but at lower masses. The study employs statistical subtraction and Bayesian approach to analyze the GC system properties and finds an increase in GC occupation fraction and average abundance with galaxy stellar mass. However, the average GC abundance in the low-mass satellites is lower than in a comparable sample of Virgo dwarfs, indicating a secondary dependence on the dwarf's environment. The result supports the connection between GCs and NSCs in low-mass galaxies.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Biophysics
Takamitsu J. Morikawa, Masayoshi Nishiyama, Keiko Yoshizawa, Hideaki Fujita, Tomonobu M. Watanabe
Summary: The insertion of glycine in GFP variants affects their fluorescence properties, resulting in decreased quantum yield and altered dependence on pH, temperature, pressure, and hydrophobicity. Water molecules invade the structure, leading to peak shifts in emission spectra and rearrangement of hydrogen bond networks.
BIOPHYSICS AND PHYSICOBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Dominique A. Wappett, Lars Goerigk
Summary: Our study investigates the impact of benchmark level and model system size on enzymatically catalyzed reaction studies. We find that different benchmark reference values can lead to significant differences in study outcomes, and that small representative systems may not accurately assess the applicability of low-level methods for larger biochemical applications.
THEORETICAL CHEMISTRY ACCOUNTS
(2021)
