Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Keran Zhai, Di Liang, Helin Li, Fangyuan Jiao, Bingxiao Yan, Jing Liu, Ziyao Lei, Li Huang, Xiangyu Gong, Xin Wang, Jiashun Miao, Yichuan Wang, Ji-Yun Liu, Lin Zhang, Ertao Wang, Yiwen Deng, Chi-Kuang Wen, Hongwei Guo, Bin Han, Zuhua He
Summary: This study identifies the deubiquitinase PICI1 as a key player in regulating PTI and ETI in rice, promoting the production of defense metabolites by activating methionine synthetase, and ensuring coordination between PTI and ETI. NLRB receptors such as PigmR protect PICI1 from effector-mediated degradation in the plant immune system, contributing to broad-spectrum resistance.
Article
Plant Sciences
Juanjuan Yu, Juan M. Gonzalez, Zhiping Dong, Qianru Shan, Bowen Tan, Jin Koh, Tong Zhang, Ning Zhu, Craig Dufresne, Gregory B. Martin, Sixue Chen
Summary: Plants have developed a two-layered immune system consisting of pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) and effector-triggered immunity (ETI). Through integrative proteomic and phosphoproteomic analyses of the tomato-Pseudomonas syringae (Pst) pathosystem, it was found that ETI response is stronger than PTI response. Protein abundance and phosphorylation changes revealed key regulators involved in signaling, oxidative stress, transport, cell remodeling, hormone signaling, and implicated potential markers for PTI and ETI.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiaojuan Zheng, Zhaoyang Zhou, Zhen Gong, Meijuan Hu, Ye Jin Ahn, Xiaojuan Zhang, Yan Zhao, Guoshu Gong, Jian Zhang, Jianru Zuo, Guan-Zhu Han, Sohn Kee Hoon, Jian-Min Zhou
Summary: Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (Psa) causes bacterial canker, a devastating disease threatening the Actinidia fruit industry. In the study, the researchers identified a protein called ZAR1 that can recognize HopZ5 and trigger cell death, suggesting a potential non-host resistance mechanism against Psa. They also found that ZAR1 and RPM1 proteins have specific requirements for conferring resistance to different strains of P. syringae carrying HopZ5. Additionally, the study revealed the involvement of SOBER1 in regulating these resistance responses.
JOURNAL OF GENETICS AND GENOMICS
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Yanzhi Liu, Md Rubel Mahmud, Ning Xu, Jun Liu
Summary: Phytohormones play a crucial role in plant immune responses. In the case of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst) infection, the activation of abscisic acid (ABA) signaling compromises plant immune responses.
PHYTOPATHOLOGY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Clare Breit-McNally, Darrell Desveaux, David S. Guttman
Summary: The study found that the immune response of Arabidopsis thaliana is qualitatively conserved in oilseed crops, but quantitatively distinct. The level of immune conservation decreases with evolutionary distance from Arabidopsis thaliana.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jinlong Zhang, Mingxia Zhou, Wei Liu, Jiajun Nie, Lili Huang
Summary: The study identified an effector, HopAU1, in Psa that interacts with a calcium sensing receptor, CaS, in kiwifruit and tobacco, triggering immune responses in plants and providing resistance against pathogens.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Qingbiao Xie, Bingzheng Wei, Zhaohong Zhan, Qiguang He, Kejian Wu, Yu Chen, Shiyao Liu, Chaozu He, Xiaolei Niu, Chunxia Li, Chaorong Tang, Jun Tao
Summary: The type III effectors (T3Es) of Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc) are crucial for efficient plant infection. While the functions of AvrE family T3Es have been reported, the role of XopAM in Xcc has not been studied. This research reveals that XopAM has different effects on host species, acts as a lipase targeting the cytomembrane, and interacts with the protein AMAR1 in Arabidopsis Col-0 to induce a hypersensitive response limiting Xcc proliferation.
Article
Plant Sciences
Sachi Kashihara, Takafumi Nishimura, Yoshiteru Noutoshi, Mikihiro Yamamoto, Kazuhiro Toyoda, Yuki Ichinose, Hidenori Matsui
Summary: Pseudomonas amygdali pv. tabaci uses effector proteins to infect tobacco cells, but tobacco has evolved resistance genes and mechanisms. HopAZ1 is identified as a key factor that induces disease resistance in tobacco.
MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Samuel Eastman, Thomas Smith, Mark A. Zaydman, Panya Kim, Samuel Martinez, Neha Damaraju, Aaron DiAntonio, Jeffrey Milbrandt, Thomas E. Clemente, James R. Alfano, Ming Guo
Summary: HopAM1 is a Pseudomonas syringae DC3000 type III effector that suppresses plant immunity and induces cell death by hydrolyzing NAD(+). It has catalytic activity to manipulate endogenous NAD(+) metabolism in plants and promote pathogenesis. The TIR domain of HopAM1 shows a unique catalytic specificity compared to other NAD(+) hydrolases, allowing pathogens to exploit this activity for immune suppression and virulence.
Article
Plant Sciences
Jose S. Rufian, Javier Rueda-Blanco, Diego Lopez-Marquez, Alberto P. Macho, Carmen R. Beuzon, Javier Ruiz-Albert
Summary: The effector protein HopZ1a from Pseudomonas syringae suppresses plant basal immunity by targeting the Arabidopsis thaliana mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase AtMKK7 through acetylation, leading to inhibition of immune signaling pathways. In vitro and in planta assays demonstrate the interaction between HopZ1a and AtMKK7, with acetylation of a lysine residue crucial for AtMKK7 kinase activity.
Article
Ecology
Jinxing Liao, Zihan Li, Dan Xiong, Danyu Shen, Limin Wang, Long Lin, Xiaolong Shao, Lisheng Liao, Peng Li, Li-Qun Zhang, Hai-Hong Wang, Guoliang Qian
Summary: The soil antifungal bacterium Lysobacter enzymogenes OH11 (OH11) utilizes the type IVA secretion system (T4ASS) to deliver the effector protein Le1288 into Pseudomonas fluorescens 2P24 (2P24), inhibiting AHL production and giving OH11 a competitive advantage.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yingying Xing, Ning Xu, Deepak D. Bhandari, Dmitry Lapin, Xinhua Sun, Xuming Luo, Yeqiong Wang, Jidong Cao, Hongbin Wang, Gitta Coaker, Jane E. Parker, Jun Liu
Summary: The pathogen targets the plant iron sensor protein BRUTUS through the effector protein AvrRps4 to facilitate iron uptake and pathogen proliferation in Arabidopsis thaliana. AvrRps4 inhibits the degradation of iron regulatory proteins and enhances the accumulation of immune proteins, contributing to immune responses mediated by RPS4/EDS1.
Article
Plant Sciences
Jay Jayaraman, Minsoo Yoon, Lauren M. Hemara, Deborah Bohne, Jibran Tahir, Ronan K. Y. Chen, Cyril Brendolise, Erik H. A. Rikkerink, Matthew D. Templeton
Summary: Testing effector knockout strains of Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae biovar 3 (Psa3) in their native kiwifruit host revealed nonredundant effectors contributing to Psa3 virulence, while complementation in weak kiwifruit pathogen P. syringae pv. actinidifoliorum (Pfm) identified redundant Psa3 effectors. Important Psa3 effectors include those that suppress pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) and early infection process effector redundancy targeting plant immunity hub RIN4.
Review
Plant Sciences
Brian C. Mooney, Melissa Mantz, Emmanuelle Graciet, Pitter F. Huesgen
Summary: Pathogens and hosts are locked in an evolutionary arms race, with pathogen effectors targeting host proteins and host proteins evolving to sense and counteract these effectors. Type III effector proteases are common among bacterial pathogens and modify host proteins irreversibly. Studying effector proteases in plants provides insights into how pathogens evade host immune responses, and how hosts detect and defend against these effectors.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Margot Raffeiner, Suayib Uestuen, Tiziana Guerra, Daniela Spinti, Maria Fitzner, Sophia Sonnewald, Susanne Baldermann, Frederik Boernke
Summary: Xanthomonas effector protein XopS enhances disease susceptibility by repressing defense gene expression and suppressing stomatal immunity through interaction with and inhibition of WRKY40, a transcriptional regulator. XopS manipulation of WRKY40 stability alters downstream gene expression and phytohormone crosstalk to promote pathogen proliferation.
Article
Microbiology
David A. Baltrus, Caitlin Smith, MacKenzie Derrick, Courtney Leligdon, Zoe Rosenthal, Madison Mollico, Andrew Moore, Meara Clark
Summary: Horizontal gene transfer can lead to both increased sensitivity and resistance to antibiotics in different strains of Pseudomonas bacteria. These effects are not simply due to overall fitness changes, and highlight the importance of genomic and environmental contexts in determining the outcomes of gene transfer events. The results suggest that the impacts of plasmid acquisition on bacterial fitness are complex and can vary depending on the specific genetic background and environmental conditions.
Article
Microbiology
Ravikumar R. Patel, Prem P. Kandel, Eboni Traverso, Kevin L. Hockett, Lindsay R. Triplett
Summary: This study identifies different metabolic states associated with antibiotic persistence, tailocin persistence, and loss of virulence. It demonstrates that tailocin is highly effective in eliminating dormant cells. Combination treatment was effective in killing both types of persisters. The research will inform the search for mechanisms and markers for each phenotype.
Article
Plant Sciences
David A. Baltrus, Meara Clark, Kevin L. Hockett, Madison Mollico, Caitlin Smith, Savannah Weaver
Summary: This study investigates the prophylactic application of tailocins to prevent infection by Pseudomonas syringae in Nicotiana benthamiana. The results demonstrate that multiple strains of tailocins can prevent infection, and the target specificity of tailocins is responsible for this protective effect. Furthermore, heritable resistance mutations do not explain the failure of tailocins to prevent infection in some cases.
Article
Microbiology
David A. Baltrus, Aaron White, Caitlin Smith, Meara Clark
Summary: The study presents draft genome sequences of eight Streptomyces strains isolated from multiple sky islands in Arizona, known for their distinctive physiology and prolific production of antibiotics. The sequencing was performed using Oxford Nanopore Technologies' Flongle adapter and MinION system.
MICROBIOLOGY RESOURCE ANNOUNCEMENTS
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Svenja C. Saile, Frank M. Ackermann, Sruthi Sunil, Jutta Keicher, Adam Bayless, Vera Bonardi, Li Wan, Mehdi Doumane, Eva Stoebbe, Yvon Jaillais, Marie-Cecile Caillaud, Jeffery L. Dangl, Marc T. Nishimura, Claudia Oecking, Farid El Kasmi
Summary: Activation of certain NLR receptors results in immunity and cell death, which is dependent on their plasma membrane localization and stability. The interaction with phospholipids on the plasma membrane is essential for the localization and function of these NLRs. Depletion of specific phospholipids leads to mis-localization of NLRs and inhibition of their cell death activity.
Article
Biology
Brian A. Smith, Kevin Dougherty, Meara Clark, David A. Baltrus
Summary: Horizontally transferred elements, like plasmids, can impose costs on host cells and result in detrimental effects; laboratory passage of Pseudomonas stutzeri populations containing pMPPla107 can lead to resistance to inhibitory substances; compensating for the costs and changes associated with horizontal gene transfer can be achieved through single mutational events and allele exchange.
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Biology
James P. J. Hall, Joao Botelho, Adrian Cazares, David A. Baltrus
Summary: This article provides an overview of the distribution, diversity, biology, and gene content of megaplasmids, emphasizing their widespread existence and often overlooked importance as mobile genetic elements.
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Editorial Material
Biology
James P. J. Hall, Ellie Harrison, David A. Baltrus
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Patrick T. Stillson, David A. Baltrus, Alison Ravenscraft
Summary: Many plants and animals form intricate associations with bacteria, which can be mediated by genomic islands. Recently, a putative symbiotic island was found in Burkholderia symbionts of insects, suggesting a symbiotic relationship between the two.
APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Justin P. Shaffer, Morgan E. Carter, Joseph E. Spraker, Meara Clark, Brian A. Smith, Kevin L. Hockett, David A. Baltrus, A. Elizabeth Arnold
Summary: Interactions between microbes and their hosts have important outcomes for host and environmental health. This study focuses on the bacterial-fungal interactions in a foliar fungal endophyte and a facultative endohyphal bacterium. The research provides insights into the gene expression patterns and potential roles of the fungus in providing organic sulfur to the bacterium and the involvement of a bacterial type VI secretion system in symbiosis establishment.
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kow Essuman, Jeffrey Milbrandt, Jeffery L. Dangl, Marc T. Nishimura
Summary: This article presents the research on the TIR domain in animal, plant, bacterial, and archaeal systems, revealing its diverse functions and enzymatic activities in immune systems. It provides important guidance for future interventions.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hanareia Ehau-Taumaunu, Kevin L. Hockett
Summary: Bacteria use antagonistic strategies, such as producing bacteriocins, to compete for resources in various environments. This study demonstrates that a bacterial plant pathogen expresses a bacteriocin in leaf apoplast when co-inoculated with a bacteriocin-sensitive competitor. While the bacteriocin negatively affects the competitor's population, a benefit is observed for the producing strain only when it is co-infiltrated at a low population frequency. This fitness benefit is dependent on the Type III Secretion System.
ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Savannah L. Weaver, Libin Zhu, Sadhana Ravishankar, Meara Clark, David A. Baltrus
Summary: The study shows that tailocins from the P. syringae strain USA011R have broad killing activity against agriculturally significant phytopathogens and the human pathogen Salmonella enterica. Additionally, the efficiencies of targeting different species vary across closely related strains.
Article
Plant Sciences
Hanareia Ehau-Taumaunu, Kevin L. Hockett
Summary: Microbial community-based disease management approaches can be used to substitute or combine with current strategies. This study successfully developed a disease-suppressive phyllosphere microbial community using a selective passaging method.
PHYTOBIOMES JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
David A. Baltrus, Gi Yoon Shin, Teresa Coutinho, Brian H. Kvitko, John J. Dennehy
Summary: In this study, draft genome sequences for two bacterial isolates from the genus Pantoea are described. Pantoea ananatis ATCC 35400 was originally isolated from honeydew melon and Pantoea stewartii subspecies indologenes ICMP 10132 was originally isolated from sugarcane. However, reclassification of the latter species is supported by average nucleotide identity and discriminatory PCR analysis.
MICROBIOLOGY RESOURCE ANNOUNCEMENTS
(2023)