Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rory J. Craig, Irina A. Yushenova, Fernando Rodriguez, Irina R. Arkhipova
Summary: Penelope-like elements (PLEs) are a mysterious class of retrotransposons with a wide taxonomic distribution and diversity. N-terminal EN+ PLEs are abundant in invertebrates, evolving independently into forms containing multiple selenoproteins in spiders and clams.
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Maria Martinez de Lagran, Aleix Elizalde-Torrent, Roger Paredes, Bonaventura Clotet, Mara Dierssen
Summary: Elevated activity of retrotransposons is associated with various neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental diseases. This study treated a mouse model of Down syndrome with a reverse transcriptase inhibitor and observed significant improvement in neurobehavioral phenotypes and complete recovery of hippocampal-dependent recognition memory.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Patrizia Lavia, Ilaria Sciamanna, Corrado Spadafora
Summary: In the past fifty years, significant progress has been made in understanding the molecular mechanisms of cancer and developing effective therapies. Research suggests that the onset and progression of cancer are influenced by a stress-responsive epigenetic mechanism, resulting in genome plasticity and global gene expression reprogramming. These findings improve our understanding of cancer and may lead to new treatment approaches.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Jiabao Feng, Fugui Zhu, Dan Ye, Qingquan Zhang, Xudong Guo, Changsheng Du, Jiuhong Kang
Summary: This study identifies Sin3a as a novel regulator in the mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET) process during early reprogramming, where Sin3a functions as an epigenetic coactivator, cooperating with Tet1 to activate the epithelial program and promote somatic cell reprogramming initiation.
STEM CELL RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Jun-Xian Liu, Jing Liu, Tai-Yi Yang, Li-Min Liu, Li-Hang Qiu, Yi-Jing Gao, Wei-Xing Duan, Jing-Chao Lei, Hong-Jian Liu, Rong-Hua Zhang, Wei-Zhong He, Song Li, Yang-Rui Li, Rong-Chang Wei, Fa-Qian Xiong
Summary: This study analyzed the characteristics, diversity, phylogenetic relationships, and transcriptional activity of Ty1-copia-like retrotransposons in ROC22 and Badila. The results showed differences in length, AT content, and nucleotide similarity between the two varieties. The research on sugarcane reverse transcriptase sequences is of great importance.
Article
Oncology
Guillaume Collin, Jean-Philippe Foy, Nicolas Aznar, Nicolas Rama, Anne Wierinckx, Pierre Saintigny, Alain Puisieux, Stephane Ansieau
Summary: This study reveals that chronic inflammation damages the intestinal mucosa in patients with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Human colonic epithelial cells can adapt to chronic inflammation through a partial genetic reprogramming. This reprogramming is observed in inflamed mucosae of patients and in early stages of murine intestinal carcinogenesis, highlighting its potential role in disease progression and tumor initiation.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Guangjie Han, Nan Zhang, Heng Jiang, Xiangkun Meng, Kun Qian, Yang Zheng, Jian Xu, Jianjun Wang
Summary: Lepidopteran insect genomes contain a diversity of SINEs, with significant variation in retrotransposition activity and copy number between host lineages and SINE lineages. Host-parasite interactions facilitate horizontal transfer of SINEs between baculovirus and its lepidopteran hosts.
Review
Anatomy & Morphology
Kritika Saxena, Syamanthak Srikrishnan, Toni Celia-Terrassa, Mohit Kumar Jolly
Summary: OVOL proteins play critical roles in epithelial lineage determination and differentiation during embryonic development, cancer progression, and cellular reprogramming.
CELLS TISSUES ORGANS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Woo Ryung Kim, Eun Gyung Park, Hee-Eun Lee, Sang-Je Park, Jae-Won Huh, Jeong Nam Kim, Heui-Soo Kim
Summary: The study reveals that Hsa-miR-422a, derived from SINE, can regulate the expression of the ARID5B gene through its interaction with TF and NF-E2.
MOLECULES AND CELLS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wan Hua, Sarantos Kostidis, Oleg Mayboroda, Martin Giera, Marten Hornsveld, Peter ten Dijke
Summary: TGF-beta induces metabolic reprogramming in epithelial cells during EMT, affecting glycolysis, TCA cycle, glutaminolysis, choline metabolism, cellular redox state, and other pathways. Inhibiting choline kinase alpha with a kinase inhibitor can attenuate TGF-beta-induced changes associated with EMT.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Nino Kraveishvili, Eka Kvaratskhelia, Sandro Surmava, Merab Kvintradze, Maia Zarandia, Tinatin Gorgiladze, Elene Abzianidze
Summary: This study analyzed the methylation status of LINE-1 and Alu repetitive elements in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with migraine compared to healthy control subjects. The results showed higher levels of unmethylated cytosines in both LINE-1 and Alu repetitive elements in the migraine group. Furthermore, a significant difference was found in the methylation level of LINE-1 between the TT and CC genotype groups of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene.
JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL MEDICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xia Meng, Anwei Zhou, Yu Huang, Yu Zhang, Yurui Xu, Kaifeng Shao, Xinghai Ning
Summary: Nanoengineered multivalent N-cadherin antagonist ADH-AuNPs were developed to enhance the reprogramming efficiency of iPSCs by driving cell MET, showing higher inhibitory activity than monovalent ADH-1 and promoting the conversion of cell state towards epithelial lineages. Particularly, reprogramming efficiency was improved by over 7-fold after introduction of four Yamanaka factors, and iPSCs generated by ADH-AuNPs exhibited high stemness and pluripotency in vitro and in vivo, providing a cooperative strategy for enhancing iPSC generation efficacy.
Review
Oncology
Yoann Daniel, Elise Lelou, Caroline Aninat, Anne Corlu, Florian Cabillic
Summary: Tumor cells have the ability to transform into cancer stem cells under the influence of the tumor environment, which are relatively quiescent and exhibit a specific metabolism. Understanding this process could lead to the development of targeted therapies to eradicate cancer more effectively.
Article
Oncology
Ji-Yong Sung, Jae-Ho Cheong
Summary: Genomic classification has identified a distinct molecular subtype of clinically refractory cancers associated with EMT. Metabolic profiling across different cancer types revealed high carbohydrate and energy metabolism linked to high EMT activity in 80 to 90% of cases. CHST14 was highlighted as a potential metabolic target for stomach cancer, indicating the importance of metabolism-associated genes in targeting therapy for cancer subtypes.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Zhixue Song, Suleman Shah, Baixue Lv, Ning Ji, Xin Liu, Lifang Yan, Murad Khan, Yufang Zhao, Peiyuan Wu, Shufeng Liu, Long Zheng, Libo Su, Xiufang Wang, Zhanjun Lv
Summary: Research shows that SINE antisense RNA inhibits the aging process by enhancing antioxidant activity and modulating the expression of aging-associated genes, demonstrating anti-aging effects.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Andra S. Martinikova, Miroslav Stoyanov, Anna Oravetzova, Yannick P. Kok, Shibo Yu, Jana Dobrovolna, Pavel Janscak, Marcel van Vugt, Libor Macurek
Summary: Oncogene-induced replication stress is a major cause of genome instability in cancer cells. This study reveals that increased activity of PPM1D exacerbates replication stress caused by cyclin E1 overexpression, leading to abnormal cell cycle progression and accumulation of DNA copy number alterations. Pharmacological inhibition of PPM1D can alleviate replication stress-induced genome instability.
MOLECULAR ONCOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Oncology
Alamelu G. Bharadwaj, Meghan E. McLean, Margaret L. Dahn, Hannah F. Cahill, Marie-Claire D. Wasson, Raj Pranap Arun, Olivia L. Walker, Brianne M. Cruickshank, Wasundara Fernando, Jaganathan Venkatesh, Penelope J. Barnes, Gillian Bethune, Gregory Knapp, Lucy K. Helyer, Carman A. Giacomantonio, David M. Waisman, Paola Marcato
Summary: ALDH1A3 regulates the plasminogen activation pathway to promote breast cancer metastasis. Co-expression of ALDH1A3 and tPA is associated with TNBC subtype, high tumor grade, and recurrent metastatic disease.
MOLECULAR ONCOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Oncology
Nayela N. Chowdhury, Yi Yang, Ananya Dutta, Michelle Luo, Zimu Wei, Sara R. Abrahams, Alexey S. Revenko, Fenil Shah, Lindsey A. Miles, Robert J. Parmer, Bas de Laat, Alisa S. Wolberg, James P. Luyendyk, Melissa L. Fishel, Matthew J. Flick
Summary: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly fatal metastatic disease associated with robust activation of the coagulation and fibrinolytic systems. Primary fibrinolytic protease plasminogen promotes PDAC tumor growth and metastatic potential through engaging plasminogen receptors on tumor cells.
MOLECULAR ONCOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Oncology
Nuria Gendrau-Sanclemente, Agnes Figueras, Kristina Gracova, Alvaro Lahiguera, Elisenda Alsina-Sanchis, Juan A. Marin-Jimenez, August Vidal, Xavier Matias-Guiu, Sergi Fernandez-Gonzalez, Marc Barahona, Lola Marti, Jordi Ponce, Francesc Vinals
Summary: High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC), the deadliest gynecological malignancy, spreads through transcoelomic dissemination. This study reveals that platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta (PDGFRβ) is essential for the formation of tumorspheres in HGSOC. Inhibition of PDGFRβ blocks the clustering of ovarian cancer cells and prevents peritoneal dissemination.
MOLECULAR ONCOLOGY
(2024)