Article
Microbiology
Jianzhong Fan, Heng Cai, Youhong Fang, Jintao He, Linghong Zhang, Qingye Xu, Yunxing Yang, Sebastian Leptihn, Yunsong Yu, Dongdong Zhao, Xiaoting Hua
Summary: In this study, two Salmonella strains carrying mcr-9 gene were identified from clinical isolates collected in a local hospital in Hangzhou, China. The mcr-9 genes were located on conjugative IncHI2 plasmids, potentially facilitating their dissemination through co-resistance mechanisms. Although the presence of mcr-9 cassette, the strains did not exhibit resistance to colistin.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Loic Deblais, Sochina Ranjit, Claudio Vrisman, Linto Antony, Joy Scaria, Sally A. Miller, Gireesh Rajashekara
Summary: Understanding the functional role of bacterial genes in the persistence of Salmonella in plant organs can aid in the development of agricultural practices to mitigate food safety risks associated with contaminated fresh produce. This study found that a specific strain of Salmonella Typhimurium (MDD14) persisted less in tomato plants compared to other tested strains. Whole-genome sequencing identified genetic differences in MDD14, including truncated yicC and mutated rpoS, both involved in stress response and cell envelope integrity. Deleting these genes in another strain confirmed their involvement in persistence. YicC and RpoS could be potential targets to reduce Salmonella persistence in plants.
MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Adrian Gomez-Baltazar, Gerardo Vazquez-Marrufo, Humberto Astiazaran-Garcia, Alejandra Ochoa-Zarzosa, Rafael Canett-Romero, Alfonso Garcia-Galaz, Carlos Torres-Vega, Ma Soledad Vazquez-Garciduenas
Summary: In Mexico, the ST213 genotype has replaced the ST19 genotype as the most prevalent in clinical and contaminated food samples. This study evaluated the in vitro and in vivo virulence of ST213 and ST19 strains isolated from food samples in Mexico. The results showed that ST213 strains exhibited higher internalization capacity and increased secretion of interleukins IL-8 and IL-6 compared to ST19 strains. In the rat model, all strains were able to establish infection and caused histopathological damage characteristic of gastroenteritis. The ST213 genotype strains showed higher virulence variability, both in vitro and in vivo, compared to the ST19 genotype, posing a public health concern.
MICROBES AND INFECTION
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Loic Deblais, Sally A. Miller, Gireesh Rajashekara
Summary: The study found that the type of phytopathogen present and the inoculation time can influence the persistence of Salmonella Typhimurium in tomato plant tissues, as well as its interactions with other phytopathogens.
JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Haoran Zhang, Ying Xiang, Yong Huang, Beibei Liang, Xuebin Xu, Jing Xie, Xinying Du, Chaojie Yang, Hongbo Liu, Hui Wang, Mingjuan Yang, Ligui Wang, Xiaofeng Hu, Lianqun Jin, Jinsong Li, Yongqiang Jiang, Shaofu Qiu, Hongbin Song
Summary: This study reports on 11 multidrug-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium strains harboring the colistin resistance gene mcr-1 in China. The findings indicate that the mcr-1 gene can effectively spread among intestinal bacteria by horizontal transfer and highlight the importance of constant surveillance of mcr-1 harboring Salmonella strains to prevent the spread of colistin resistance.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Olivia L. Harrison, Jordan T. Gebhardt, Chad B. Paulk, Brandon L. Plattner, Jason C. Woodworth, Susan Rensing, Cassandra K. Jones, Valentina Trinetta
Summary: This study primarily investigated the infection of weaning pigs exposed to STM-contaminated feed, water, or air. It was found that STM mainly colonized tissues from tonsil, lower intestine, and mesenteric lymph nodes, but no colonization was observed in skeletal muscle destined for human consumption.
JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Seema Irfan, Mohammad Zeeshan, Salima Rattani, Joveria Farooqi, Sadia Shakoor, Rumina Hasan, Afia Zafar
Summary: From 2013 to 2018, although there was an increase in localized extensively drug-resistant Salmonella Typhi strains in organ infections in Pakistan, there was no increase in the proportion of such isolates compared to non-extensively drug-resistant isolates.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Kaifeng Chen, Zeqiang Zhan, Lili Li, Jiayi Li, Zhouping Zhou, Nanwei Wang, Dage Sun, Chenggang Xu, Pengju Chen, Xiaoyun Qu, Ming Liao, Jianmin Zhang
Summary: This study investigated the role of BolA gene in Salmonella Typhimurium and found that BolA promotes biofilm formation and enhances resistance to stress and host cell invasion by regulating gene expression. Therefore, BolA gene may be a potential target for therapeutic strategies to control Salmonella Typhimurium infections.
MICROBIOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Pathology
Igor R. Santos, Jacqueline Raiter, Tainah P. Dal Pont, Carolina B. Brunner, Bruna C. Lopes, Bianca S. Cecco, Francieli A. Molossi, Marcele B. Bandinelli, Welden Panziera, Saulo P. Pavarini, David Driemeier
Summary: Septicaemia is the main pathological manifestation of Salmonella infection in chinchillas. This study describes the gross, histological and immunohistochemical features of Salmonella Typhimurium infection in ranched chinchillas. The infected chinchillas showed multiple organ lesions characterized by acute necrotizing inflammation, and immunolabeling for Salmonella was observed in all affected organs. Salmonella Typhimurium was successfully isolated from suspected cases.
JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE PATHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
T. L. Westerman, M. McClelland, J. R. Elfenbein
Summary: Regulation of flagellum biosynthesis is a hierarchical process tightly controlled by the LysR transcriptional regulator YeiE, which promotes virulence by enhancing cell motility. The Delta yeiE mutant lacks motility and shows reduced expression of flagellar class 2 and 3 genes, leading to defective gut colonization. YeiE acts as a control point for flagellar gene expression, adding a new layer to the regulatory cascade for enteric pathogen fitness.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Katya Arnold, Seunghyun Lim, Tal Rakler, Albert Rovira, Cinthia Satuchne, Elinor Yechezkel, Anat Wiseman, Yaniv Pima, Eugenia Yakunin, Assaf Rokney, Ehud Elnekave
Summary: Non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) is a global threat to public health, and poultry is one of the main reservoirs. The current methods for NTS characterization are time-consuming and have limited discriminatory power. Whole-genome sequencing can identify genetic variation within serotypes, and a multiplex PCR assay has been designed for the rapid and cost-efficient detection of emerging S. Muenchen serotype and its variants.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Rui Dong, Xiaojie Qin, Shoukui He, Xiujuan Zhou, Yan Cui, Chunlei Shi, Yiping He, Xianming Shi
Summary: The study revealed that DsrA plays a crucial role in promoting oxidative stress resistance in S. Typhimurium by regulating the expression of antioxidant enzymes and maintaining intracellular redox balance.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Huizhen Tian, Biaoxian Li, Tian Xu, Haolin Yu, Jingxuan Chen, Haiyan Yu, Shan Li, Lingbing Zeng, Xiaotian Huang, Qiong Liu
Summary: Shigellosis, caused by Shigella, poses a serious threat to health in many developing countries. Despite efforts to develop a vaccine, none has been proven effective. A new strategy combining the synthesis of Shigella O-antigen in Salmonella and using it as an antigen delivery platform shows promise for vaccine development against Shigella infection.
APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Yu Han, Yu Li, Zhiwei Zeng, Wenjing Li, Saixiang Feng, Weisheng Cao
Summary: This study explores the resistance mechanism and activity of the antimicrobial peptide MccY against Salmonella strains. The deletion of Ton system genes resulted in resistance to MccY and mutants showed increased susceptibility to MccY under a low-iron condition. MccY may decrease the virulence of S. Typhimurium by altering multiple physiological properties.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Joao Carlos Gomes-Neto, Natasha Pavlovikj, Nate Korth, Samantha A. Naberhaus, Bailey Arruda, Andrew K. Benson, Amanda J. Kreuder
Summary: This study assessed the changes in gut microbiome composition in pigs infected with different serovars of Salmonella enterica. It found that Typhimurium and Monophasic Typhimurium caused significant changes in gut inflammation and microbiome composition, while Derby did not. Prevotella showed a negative correlation with disease scores and was significantly reduced in all infected groups.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Brittany M. Miller, Andreas J. Baumler
Summary: An imbalance in the microbiota can lead to human illnesses, prompting efforts to rebalance it by targeting the microbes themselves. However, the host influences microbial growth by providing a habitat, suggesting that targeting the immune system for rebalancing the microbiota could be an alternative. Host control mechanisms shape the microbial habitat and confer colonization resistance against pathogens, with host components acting as habitat filters that select for microbial traits allowing growth and survival in host habitat patches.
ANNUAL REVIEW OF IMMUNOLOGY, VOL 39
(2021)
Editorial Material
Immunology
Manuela Raffatellu, Andreas J. Baumler
INFECTION AND IMMUNITY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Woongjae Yoo, Jacob K. Zieba, Nora J. Foegeding, Teresa P. Torres, Catherine D. Shelton, Nicolas G. Shealy, Austin J. Byndloss, Stephanie A. Cevallos, Erik Gertz, Connor R. Tiffany, Julia D. Thomas, Yael Litvak, Henry Nguyen, Erin E. Olsan, Brian J. Bennett, Jeffrey C. Rathmell, Amy S. Major, Andreas J. Baumler, Mariana X. Byndloss
Summary: It was found that chronic exposure to a high-fat diet can increase levels of circulating trimethlamine N-oxide, a potentially harmful metabolite generated by gut microbiota.
Article
Microbiology
Connor R. Tiffany, Jee-Yon Lee, Andrew W. L. Rogers, Erin E. Olsan, Pavel Morales, Franziska Faber, Andreas J. Baumler
Summary: The depletion of Clostridia and Erysipelotrichia in the gut microbiota caused by antibiotic treatment is associated with an increase in sugar acids and sugar alcohols in the cecum. In contrast, inoculation of germ-free mice with a defined microbial community led to a decrease in the concentrations of sugar acids and polyols in the cecal contents.
Article
Microbiology
Hirotaka Hiyoshi, Bevin C. English, Vladimir E. Diaz-Ochoa, Tamding Wangdi, Lillian F. Zhang, Miako Sakaguchi, Takeshi Haneda, Renee M. Tsolis, Andreas J. Baumler
Summary: Intracellular pathogens use virulence factors to generate a complement-dependent find-me signal for efferocytosis, thereby avoiding exposure to the extracellular milieu.
CELL HOST & MICROBE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alba Alfonso-Garcia, Stephanie A. Cevallos, Jee-Yon Lee, Cai Li, Julien Bec, Andreas J. Baumler, Laura Marcu
Summary: This study tested the feasibility of using fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIm) to non-destructively detect inflammation in thick tissue. The results showed that FLIm was sensitive to colon anatomy and colonocyte layer, and could detect changes in epithelial bioenergetics and physical structure related to inflammatory disease treatment.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Allegra T. Aron, Daniel Petras, Robin Schmid, Julia M. Gauglitz, Isabell Buttel, Luis Antelo, Hui Zhi, Sean-Paul Nuccio, Christina C. Saak, Kien P. Malarney, Eckhard Thines, Rachel J. Dutton, Lihini Aluwihare, Manuela Raffatellu, Pieter C. Dorrestein
Summary: This two-step native electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry method, combining post-column pH adjustment and metal infusion, enables the identification of metal-binding compounds in complex samples based on defined mass (m/z) offsets, making it a potential essential strategy for elucidating metal-binding molecules in biology.
Article
Microbiology
Megan J. Liou, Brittany M. Miller, Yael Litvak, Henry Nguyen, Dean E. Natwick, Hannah P. Savage, Jordan A. Rixon, Scott P. Mahan, Hirotaka Hiyoshi, Andrew W. L. Rogers, Eric M. Velazquez, Brian P. Butler, Sean R. Collins, Stephen J. McSorley, Rasika M. Harshey, Mariana X. Byndloss, Scott I. Simon, Andreas J. Baumler
Summary: This study found that both commensal Escherichia coli and pathogenic Salmonella enterica utilize nitrate for intestinal growth, but they occupy different niches and compete for nitrate as a resource.
CELL HOST & MICROBE
(2022)
Editorial Material
Biology
Lauren C. Radlinski, Andreas J. Baumler
Summary: Listeria monocytogenes relies on respiration to sustain a risky fermentative lifestyle during infection.
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jee-Yon Lee, Renee M. Tsolis, Andreas J. Baumler
Summary: Changes in gut microbiota composition are linked to various human diseases. However, defining homeostasis or dysbiosis based on the presence or absence of specific microbial species has been unsuccessful. The adult gut microbiota is regulated by diet and host factors, with oxygen and nitrate availability shaping the bacterial community in different parts of the gut. Poor diet weakens host control mechanisms, potentially leading to dysbiosis. Therefore, quantifying host parameters that control microbial growth could offer alternative approaches to define and remediate dysbiosis.
Article
Microbiology
Lillian F. Zhang, Bernd Lepenies, Sayuri Nakamae, Briana M. Young, Renato L. Santos, Manuela Raffatellu, Brian A. Cobb, Hirotaka Hiyoshi, Andreas J. Baeumler
Summary: Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Typhi is the causative agent of typhoid fever, and the recent emergence of antibiotic-resistant S. Typhi strains highlights the importance of vaccination. The study identified the human C-type lectin receptor DC-SIGN as the receptor for the Vi capsular polysaccharide, which contributes to the pathogenesis of typhoid fever.
Article
Microbiology
Romana R. Gerner, Suzana Hossain, Artur Sargun, Kareem Siada, Grant J. Norton, Tengfei Zheng, Wilma Neumann, Sean-Paul Nuccio, Elizabeth M. Nolan, Manuela Raffatellu
Summary: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are characterized by chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract and alterations to the gut microbiome. This study found that immunization targeting siderophores reduced the colonization and association of adherent-invasive Escherichia coli (AIEC) with the gut mucosa, leading to a reduction in colitis severity. The study also laid the foundation for developing monoclonal antibodies against siderophores as a potential therapeutic strategy.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kishore R. Alugupalli, Sudeep Kothari, Matthew P. Cravens, Justin A. Walker, Darren T. Dougharty, Gregory S. Dickinson, Louis A. Gatto, Andreas J. Baumler, Tamding Wangdi, Darla R. Miller, Fernando Pardo-Manuel De Villena, Linda D. Siracusa
Summary: To investigate the genetic basis and effective therapeutic strategies for typhoid fever, the study used two recombinant inbred strains, CC003/Unc and CC053/Unc, which have a wider range of genetic diversity. These strains exhibited susceptibility to S. Typhi infection and showed histopathological changes characteristic of human typhoid, making them valuable models for studying typhoid susceptibility, S. Typhi virulence mechanisms, and testing vaccines and therapeutics.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Editorial Material
Microbiology
Alfredo Chavez-Arroyo, Andreas J. Baumler
Summary: The spread of multidrug-resistant zoonotic pathogens, such as Salmonella, within livestock is a concern for food safety. Superspreaders, which shed the pathogen at high numbers with their feces, escalate the spread of Salmonella on the farm. However, there are currently no biomarkers to identify potential superspreaders. Kempf and coworkers found that a potent early inflammatory response to Salmonella infection and changes in the microbiota composition are associated with the superspreader phenotype in pigs. Further research is needed to predict animals that have the potential to become superspreaders.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Anais B. Larabi, Hugo L. P. Masson, Andreas J. Baumler
Summary: Changes in gut microbiota composition are associated with human illnesses, and bile acids play a key role in shaping the microbiota. Bile acids exert antimicrobial activity and activate host signaling pathways to maintain gut homeostasis. Manipulating the composition or size of the bile acid pool could be a promising strategy to address dysbiosis and its associated diseases.