Article
Immunology
Basudev Paudyal, William Mwangi, Pramila Rijal, John C. Schwartz, Alistair Noble, Andrew Shaw, Joshua E. Sealy, Marie Bonnet-Di Placido, Simon P. Graham, Alain Townsend, John A. Hammond, Elma Tchilian
Summary: The pig, an important agricultural species and biomedical model, has been established as a robust model for testing therapeutic antibodies due to its physiological similarities to humans. This study investigated the Fc-mediated functions of porcine IgG subclasses, and found that different subclasses exhibit variations in cell binding and mediating cellular cytotoxicity and phagocytosis. The results enhance the utility of the pig model in therapeutic antibody research.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Constantin Blochl, Christoph Gstottner, Thomas Senard, Eva Maria Stork, Hans Ulrich Scherer, Rene E. M. Toes, Manfred Wuhrer, Elena Dominguez-Vega
Summary: By using a nanoscale reversed-phase HPLC-MS workflow, the Fc proteoforms of IgG antibodies can be comprehensively characterized in an allotype- and subclass-specific manner, offering high sensitivity and comprehensive information.
ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Huanle Luo, Tingting Jia, Jiamin Chen, Shike Zeng, Zengzhao Qiu, Shu Wu, Xu Li, Yuxuan Lei, Xin Wang, Weihua Wu, Renli Zhang, Xuan Zou, Tiejian Feng, Ruxia Ding, Yue Zhang, Yao-Qing Chen, Caijun Sun, Tian Wang, Shisong Fang, Yuelong Shu
Summary: Increasing evidence suggests immune responses are associated with COVID-19 outcomes. IgG subclasses and cytokines had significant correlations with disease severity. Older patients and those with comorbidities showed higher antibody levels and affected IgG1 and IgG3 responses.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Chiara Pellicano, Amalia Colalillo, Giuseppina Cusano, Andrea Palladino, Marica Pellegrini, Cinzia Anna Maria Calla, Giorgia Mazzuccato, Valeria Carnazzo, Stefano Pignalosa, Luigi Di Biase, Mariapaola Marino, Umberto Basile, Edoardo Rosato
Summary: This study assessed the serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) subclasses in systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients and their influence on the main complications of the disease. The results showed that SSc patients had lower levels of total IgG, IgG1, and IgG3 compared to healthy controls. Logistic regression analysis found that IgG3 was associated with diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLco), modified Rodnan skin score (mRSS), and radiological interstitial lung disease (ILD).
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Cristian Roca, Edith S. Malaga-Machaca, Manuela R. Verastegui, Billy Scola, Edward Valencia-Ayala, Maria del Carmen Menduina, Sassan Noazin, Natalie M. Bowman, Freddy Tinajeros, Robert H. Gilman
Summary: The study found that vertical transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi is associated with parasite presence in the blood and levels of IgG subclasses, which can identify women at increased risk for congenital transmission. These measures have the potential to serve as objective screening tests to predict the congenital transmission of Chagas disease.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Simon Zinkhan, Franziska Thoms, Gilles Augusto, Monique Vogel, Martin F. Bachmann
Summary: Comparing the abilities of IgG1 and IgG4 to inhibit allergic reactions, the study found that both subclasses have similar effects in neutralizing allergens and engaging the inhibitory receptor Fc gamma RIIb. Therefore, the role of IgG subclasses in the protective efficacy of allergen-specific immunotherapy is limited.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Isaac Ssewanyana, John Rek, Isabel Rodriguez, Lindsey Wu, Emmanuel Arinaitwe, Joaniter I. Nankabirwa, James G. Beeson, Harriet Mayanja-Kizza, Philip J. Rosenthal, Grant Dorsey, Moses R. Kamya, Chris Drakeley, Bryan Greenhouse, Kevin K. A. Tetteh
Summary: The study revealed that the decay rate of total IgG following infection decreased with age during declining malaria transmission, and the increase in avidity index post-infection was largely due to the rapid loss of non-avid total IgG. Further research is needed to understand the functional differences between IgG1 and IgG3 to determine their role in protective immunity to malaria.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Rheumatology
Mengya Chen, Qian Zhao, Licheng Diao, Ke Xue, Yeping Ruan, Feng Xue, Jian Li, Ruofei Shi, Meng Pan, Jie Zheng, Hua Cao
Summary: Anti-MDA5 antibodies of IgA and IgG isotypes are primary components for predicting mortality in DM-ILD. Specifically, anti-MDA5 IgG1 and IgG4 may serve as useful biomarkers.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Andrew D. Moura, Hernan H. M. da Costa, Victor A. Correa, Ana K. de S. Lima, Jose A. L. Lindoso, Elizabeth De Gaspari, Marisa A. Hong, Jair P. Cunha-Junior, Carlos R. Prudencio
Summary: This study assessed antibody levels, avidity, and subclasses of IgG against RBD protein in symptomatic COVID-19 patients in Brazil. Results showed that severe COVID-19 patients had higher antibody levels, most patients had low antibody avidity, and some life-threatening patients showed increased IgG4 levels in the first week of symptoms onset. The findings highlight the importance of IgG antibody avidity and IgG4 detection as a potential tool in monitoring hospitalized patients with severe disease.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Hematology
Flora Peyvandi, Syna Miri, Paolo Bucciarelli, Carla Valsecchi, Lucia Schiavone, Marco Boscarino, Roberta Palla, Pier Mannuccio Mannucci, Frits Richard Rosendaal
Summary: Risk of inhibitor persistence increased with the concomitant presence of an increasing number of IgG subclasses within the first 60 days post inhibitor detection, while only the IgG2 subclass could be considered a hallmark of inhibitor persistence over the 6-month period post inhibitor detection.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
A. Robin Temming, Matthias Tammes Buirs, Arthur E. H. Bentlage, Louise W. Treffers, Hannah Feringa, Steven W. de Taeye, Taco W. Kuijpers, Sietse Q. Nagelkerke, Giso Brasser, Juk Yee Mok, Wim J. E. van Esch, Timo K. van den Berg, Theo Rispens, C. Ellen van der Schoot, Gestur Vidarsson
Summary: Antibody-mediated blood disorders result from immune reactions causing cytopenia, and C-reactive protein (CRP) has been found to enhance antibody-mediated cell phagocytosis and effector functions towards opsonized erythrocytes. Furthermore, CRP binds to Fc gamma receptors with different affinities and plays a role in exacerbating IgG-mediated cellular destruction, potentially serving as a therapeutic target for tumor eradication.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Jehymin D. Parra-Montano, Kimberly C. Mateus-Rincon, Juliana Aranguren-Borras, Mary Medrano-Robayo, Alejandro Figueredo-Lopez, Laura M. Gonzalez-Amaya, Juan D. Vega-Valderrama, Luisa F. Gonzalez-Bautista, Andrea L. Becerra-Embus, Yury Aponte-Rubio, Heliairis Alfonso-Gonzalez, Sindy P. Buitrago, Diego Garzon-Ospina
Summary: This study evaluated the presence of IgG subclasses in NWM by assessing genetic distances and phylogenetic relationships. The results suggest that there is currently not enough evidence to establish the presence of IgG subclasses in NWM.
Article
Rheumatology
Yue-Tong Xu, Ya-Mei Zhang, Hong-Xia Yang, Li-Fang Ye, Fang Chen, Xin Lu, Guo-Chun Wang, Qing-Lin Peng
Summary: This study found that anti-MDA5 IgG1 and IgG3 are significantly associated with poor prognosis in DM-ILD patients, with IgG1 being more efficient as a prognostic biomarker.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Erin E. Congdon, Ruimin Pan, Yixiang Jiang, Leslie A. Sandusky-Beltran, Andie Dodge, Yan Lin, Mengyu Liu, Min-Hao Kuo, Xiang-Peng Kong, Einar M. Sigurdsson
Summary: The study suggests that tau antibodies with effector function are safer and more effective in clearing pathological tau. Tau antibodies can provide valuable insights into tau pathogenesis, but some may worsen the condition.
Article
Virology
Karen Cortes-Sarabia, Kenet Hisraim Palomares-Monterrubio, Jesus Omar Velazquez-Moreno, Victor Manuel Luna-Pineda, Marco Antonio Leyva-Vazquez, Amalia Vences-Velazquez, Roberto Dircio-Maldonado, Oscar Del Moral-Hernandez, Berenice Illades-Aguiar
Summary: This study analyzed 253 serum samples collected in 2021 from health workers and evaluated the presence of total IgG and subclasses against the N protein of SARS-CoV-2 using indirect ELISA. The results showed that 42.69% of the analyzed samples were positive for anti-N IgG antibodies. A correlation between COVID-19 asymptomatic infection and IgG antibodies was observed (p = 0.006). The detected subclasses included IgG1 (82.4%), IgG2 (75.9%), IgG3 (42.6%), and IgG4 (72.6%).
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Serge Muyldermans
Summary: Nanobodies, a trademark of Ablynx, are single antigen-binding domains of heavy chain-only antibodies in Camelidae produced recombinantly for research and medical applications. Various methods are used for their generation, producing cost-effective Nbs with high affinity for their target antigens. Additionally, engineering technologies have been explored to broaden the application range of Nbs for potential advantages over other affinity reagents.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Raf Van Campenhout, Serge Muyldermans, Mathieu Vinken, Nick Devoogdt, Timo W. M. De Groof
Summary: Cell plasma membrane proteins play a crucial role in cell regulation, with transport proteins facilitating molecule and ion exchange. The dysfunction of these proteins can lead to various human pathologies, making them potential therapeutic targets. Nanobodies show promise in targeting and modulating the activity of these proteins, offering a potential approach in drug development.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Raf Van Campenhout, Ana Rita Gomes, Timo W. M. De Groof, Serge Muyldermans, Nick Devoogdt, Mathieu Vinken
Summary: Gap junctions and connexin hemichannels play different roles in intercellular and extracellular communication, with the former maintaining homeostasis and the latter being associated with the onset and spread of disease by mediating messenger transport that fuels inflammation and cell death in various diseases. The present review discusses the mechanisms involved in the activation of connexin hemichannels during pathology.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Andreas H. Laustsen, Victor Greiff, Aneesh Karatt-Vellatt, Serge Muyldermans, Timothy P. Jenkins
Summary: The debate on the benefits and drawbacks of antibody discovery through animal immunization versus in vitro selection from nonanimal-derived recombinant repertoires has persisted for years. While some argue that using recombinant display libraries can reduce animal consumption, the number of animals sacrificed during preclinical studies far exceeds those used in immunization campaigns. Therefore, improving quality control before in vivo studies will have a larger impact on animal consumption. Both animal immunization and recombinant repertoires offer unique advantages for discovering fit-for-purpose antibodies. Additionally, machine learning is expected to play a significant role in refining current antibody discovery practices.
TRENDS IN BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Edson Kinimi, Serge Muyldermans, Cecile Vincke, Steven Odongo, Richard Kock, Satya Parida, Mana Mahapatra, Gerald Misinzo
Summary: Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) causes a devastating disease in sheep and goats, threatening food security and conservation efforts. Innovative diagnostic tools, such as nanobodies derived from camelid antibodies, show promise in rapidly identifying PPRV.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Stanislav Trashin, Francisco Morales-Yanez, Saranya Thiruvottriyur Shanmugam, Linda Paredis, Erik N. Carrion, Idalia Sariego, Serge Muyldermans, Katja Polman, Sergiu M. Gorun, Karolien De Wael
Summary: A new method for detecting the antigen marker of human toxocariasis is proposed, utilizing a rapid sandwich immunoassay sensor that achieves high sensitivity to pg/mL levels through a redox cycle involving photocatalytic oxidation and electrochemical reduction steps.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yaozhong Hu, Ema Romao, Cecile Vincke, Lea Brys, Yvon Elkrim, Marylene Vandevenne, Changxiao Liu, Serge Muyldermans
Summary: Uncontrolled growth of solid tumors can lead to hypoxic conditions and activation of HIF-1 alpha, promoting metabolism, proliferation, and metastasis of tumor cells. Inhibiting the transcriptional activity of HIF-1 could be a potential strategy for cancer therapy. Nbs selected through phage display showed significant inhibitory effects on the transcriptional activity of HIF-1, confirming their potential in cancer treatment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Philippe J-L Y. Gevenois, Pieter De Pauw, Steve Schoonooghe, Cedric Delporte, Thami Sebti, Karim Amighi, Serge Muyldermans, Nathalie Wauthoz
Summary: IL-13, a pleiotropic cytokine mainly secreted by Th2 cells, has been extensively studied for its role in conditions involving allergy, inflammation, and fibrosis. While traditional anti-IL-13 mAbs have not shown significant improvement in human trials, nanobodies derived from camelid H chain-only Abs have shown promise in targeted therapy with improved affinity and biological activity.
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Medical Laboratory Technology
Tahir S. Pillay, Serge Muyldermans
Summary: Antibodies have been pivotal in diagnostic methods, transitioning from polyclonal to monoclonal antibodies, and now to single-domain antibodies like nanobodies. This evolution has greatly enhanced diagnostic accuracy and simplified processes of protein re-engineering and expression.
ANNALS OF LABORATORY MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Rasel A. Al-Amin, Phathutshedzo M. Muthelo, Eldar Abdurakhmanov, Cecile Vincke, Shahnaz P. Amin, Serge Muyldermans, U. Helena Danielson, Ulf Landegren
Summary: High-quality affinity probes are essential for protein detection. Nanobodies have been explored as alternative affinity reagents to polyclonal antibodies. The efficient site-specific method described in this study allows the preparation of high-quality oligo-conjugated nanobody probes, which demonstrate improved performance in proximity extension assays (PEA) compared to polyclonal antibody probes.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Review
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Yaozhong Hu, Yi Wang, Jing Lin, Sihao Wu, Serge Muyldermans, Shuo Wang
Summary: The unique characteristics of camelid heavy-chain only antibodies (HCAb) derived nanobodies (Nbs) have led to their widespread application in various fields. However, their application in food allergen inspection and immunotherapy has been lacking. Nbs possess strong properties and a simple selecting strategy, making them advantageous for immunoassays and as blocking antibodies. The development of specific Nbs against food allergens shows their potential in food allergen surveillance and immunotherapy.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yaozhong Hu, Jing Lin, Yi Wang, Sihao Wu, Jing Wu, Huan Lv, Xuemeng Ji, Serge Muyldermans, Yan Zhang, Shuo Wang
Summary: This study generated SF-specific nanobodies and demonstrated their potential as diagnostic immunoassay tools.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lan-Huong Tran, Geert-Jan Graulus, Cecile Vincke, Natalia Smiejkowska, Anne Kindt, Nick Devoogdt, Serge Muyldermans, Peter Adriaensens, Wanda Guedens
Summary: Ovarian cancer ranks fifth in cancer-related deaths among women, often diagnosed at an advanced stage. Nanobodies targeting ovarian cancer biomarkers have strong binding affinity and high specificity, showing potential for early detection.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Giulia Monti, Cecile Vincke, Melanie Lunding, Anne Mette G. Jensen, Peder Madsen, Serge Muyldermans, Mads Kjolby, Olav M. Andersen
Summary: In this study, we purified and characterized eight Nbs that specifically recognize SORLA with high affinity. These Nbs have the potential to be used in disease clarifying research and clinical diagnostics.
JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Marcus Petersson, Sandra W. Thrane, Lone Gram, Serge Muyldermans, Andreas H. Laustsen
TRENDS IN BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)