Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Viviana Cobos Jimenez, Aviva Geretz, Andrey Tokarev, Philip K. Ehrenberg, Selase Deletsu, Kawthar Machmach, Prakriti Mudvari, J. Natalie Howard, Amanda Zelkoski, Dominic Paquin-Proulx, Gregory Q. Del Prete, Caroline Subra, Eli A. Boritz, Alberto Bosque, Rasmi Thomas, Diane L. Bolton
Summary: AP-1 transcription factor plays an important role in latent HIV-1 infection and reactivation. Inhibiting AP-1 may be a potential therapeutic approach to limit HIV-1 reservoirs.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Baowen Zhuo, Qifan Zhang, Tingyan Xie, Yidan Wang, Zhengliang Chen, Daming Zuo, Bo Guo
Summary: Regulatory T (Treg) cells in human tumors exhibit more potent immunosuppressive activity than peripheral blood Treg cells (PBTRs), which impairs the induction of effective antitumor immunity. This study explores the epigenetic profiles of tumor-infiltrating Treg cells (TITRs) and identifies functional regulatory elements. The researchers found global differences in chromatin accessibility and enhancer landscapes between TITRs and PBTRs, as well as two types of active enhancer formation in TITRs. They also discovered that the AP-1 family motifs are enriched at the enhancer regions of TITRs and validated the role of c-Jun in regulating signature genes of TITRs and Treg cell activation. The findings provide insights into the mechanism of AP-1-mediated activation of TITRs and may contribute to the development of new therapeutic strategies for liver cancer treatment.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Irene Mattiola, Alberto Mantovani, Massimo Locati
Summary: The MS4A family members have differential and selective expression in immunocompetent cells and modulate the signaling activity of various immunoreceptors. Studies suggest that they play key roles in different pathological settings such as cancer, infectious diseases, and neurodegeneration. Therefore, MS4A family members could be potential candidate biomarkers and therapeutic targets for various conditions.
TRENDS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xueyang Dong, Ben G. H. Guthrie, Margaret Alexander, Cecilia Noecker, Lorenzo Ramirez, Nathaniel R. Glasser, Peter J. Turnbaugh, Emily P. Balskus
Summary: This study develops genetic tools for the direct manipulation of Eggerthella lenta and other Coriobacteriia, including shuttle vectors, transformation methods, and genome editing systems. Using these tools, the researchers characterize endogenous promoters and inducible expression systems in Eggerthella lenta, and uncover a novel family of transcriptional regulators in gut Coriobacteriia. Furthermore, they utilize these genetic tools to study the effects of Eggerthella lenta genes on host biology.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Rita Silva-Gomes, Sarah N. Mapelli, Marie-Astrid Boutet, Irene Mattiola, Marina Sironi, Fabio Grizzi, Federico Colombo, Domenico Supino, Silvia Carnevale, Fabio Pasqualini, Matteo Stravalaci, Remi Porte, Andrea Gianatti, Constantino Pitzalis, Massimo Locati, Maria Jose Oliveira, Barbara Bottazzi, Alberto Mantovani
Summary: The MS4A gene family encodes 18 tetraspanin-like proteins, most of which have unknown functions. Some members such as MS4A1, MS4A2, MS4A3, and MS4A4A have important roles in immunity. The differential expression and regulation of MS4A family members during myelomonocytic differentiation suggest their potential value as therapeutic targets.
JOURNAL OF LEUKOCYTE BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Zhong-xin Jiang, Yi-ning Wang, Zi-yuan Li, Zhi-hui Dai, Yi He, Kun Chu, Jia-yi Gu, Yi-Xuan Ji, Ning-xia Sun, Fu Yang, Wen Li
Summary: The study demonstrates that m6A adenine regulates the function of GCs in female ovarian aging by modulating FTO demethylase, which in turn affects ovarian aging. FTO retards ovarian cell aging by regulating FOS expression.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Izumi Sasaki, Takashi Kato, Hiroaki Hemmi, Yuri Fukuda-Ohta, Naoko Wakaki-Nishiyama, Asumi Yamamoto, Tsuneyasu Kaisho
Summary: Dendritic cells (DC) are essential in connecting innate and adaptive immunity. Among the subsets, cDC1 plays a critical role in maintaining intestinal immune homeostasis.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tomomitsu Doi, Hironori Hojo, Shinsuke Ohba, Kunie Obayashi, Motoyoshi Endo, Toshimasa Ishizaki, Akira Katoh, Hiroyuki Kouji
Summary: This study investigates the regulatory mechanisms underlying β-catenin coactivator usage in human pancreatic carcinoma cells. The results suggest that AP-1 may coordinate the usage of β-catenin coactivators in these cells.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Mustapha Najih, Audrey Basque, Ha Tuyen Nguyen, Mariama Diawara, Luc J. Martin
Summary: Gap junctions, mainly formed by Gja1, are important in the regulation of spermatogonia proliferation and differentiation. The expression of Gja1 is regulated through various processes, including gene transcription, mRNA maturation, protein synthesis, post-translational modifications, plasma membrane integration, and protein degradation. Abnormal decrease in Gja1 expression is observed in testicular germ cell tumors, suggesting a loss of cooperation between AP-1 factors. Jun and Fosl2 cooperate to activate the Gja1 promoter, and protein kinase A and calcium-calmodulin protein kinase I improve the cooperation between AP-1 factors.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Leeana D. Peters, Wen- Yeh, Juan M. Arnoletti, Matthew E. Brown, Amanda L. Posgai, Clayton E. Mathews, Todd M. Brusko
Summary: The autoimmune pathogenesis of T1D involves immune cell infiltration into pancreatic islets. CD8(+) T cells play a primary role in killing insulin-producing beta-cells. This study demonstrates the engineering of human T cells to improve the specificity and function of autoreactive CD8(+) T cells, potentially leading to cellular therapeutics for treating autoimmunity.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Horticulture
Chengcai Zhang, Xiaohua Yao, Huadong Ren, Kailiang Wang, Jun Chang
Summary: This study identified and characterized seven CiPALs genes in pecans, with CiPAL4 and CiPAL5 showing higher expression levels during different growth stages and stress responses. These two genes also exhibited genetic polymorphisms, which could be useful for genetic studies in pecan plants.
SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chunmei Cai, Yan-Dong Tang, Jingbo Zhai, Chunfu Zheng
Summary: This article summarizes the potential contribution of dysregulated RNF proteins, excluding TRIMs, to the pathogenesis of certain diseases, and discusses their regulatory roles in antiviral immune responses, as well as potential intervention strategies targeting these proteins.
SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION AND TARGETED THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Jeremy R. B. Newman, S. Alice Long, Cate Speake, Carla J. Greenbaum, Karen Cerosaletti, Stephen S. Rich, Suna Onengut-Gumuscu, Lauren M. McIntyre, Jane H. Buckner, Patrick Concannon
Summary: Transcriptomic analysis suggests that changes in splicing machinery in memory CD4+ CD25- or CD4+ CD25+ T lymphocytes could contribute to the pathophysiology of type 1 diabetes (T1D).
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Chuan Shen, Xia Li
Summary: In this study, the characteristics and functions of the P450 gene family in Camellia sinensis were analyzed using bioinformatics-based methods. A total of 273 putative P450 genes were identified, and they were well-balanced across the genome. Phylogenetic analysis divided the CsP450s into 34 subfamilies, with CYP71 being the most abundant. Subcellular localization analysis showed that P450 was distributed in various organelles. The promoter region of CsP450s contained cis-acting elements related to phytohormones and stress responses. Tissue expression analysis revealed that P450 was highly expressed in roots and stems. Furthermore, qPCR analysis confirmed the expression patterns under drought and cold stress.
Editorial Material
Immunology
David G. Brooks, Pamela S. Ohashi
Summary: This article reveals how dendritic cells create a niche for the preservation of Tpex cells.