Review
Fisheries
A. Muthupandian, D. Waly, B. G. Magor
Summary: This study discusses the evidence for antibody affinity maturation and somatic hypermutation in ectotherms, suggesting that fish melanomacrophage clusters may serve as functional sites analogous to germinal centers. Further research in zebrafish can help validate these predictions, with implications for vaccine use in aquaculture and antibody affinity maturation processes in all ectothermic vertebrates.
DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Baole Qu, Yun Zhao, Lili An, Haiying Hang
Summary: This study demonstrates that adenine deaminase (ADA) can efficiently induce random A/T to G/C mutations on the target gene in CHO cell display, and can be applied in affinity maturation to improve antibody affinity. The combined use of ADA and activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) provides more mutant types, offering an opportunity to acquire new mutants with higher affinities than those obtained by only using AID.
APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yijang Xu, Hang Zhou, Ginell Post, Hong Zan, Paolo Casali
Summary: The study demonstrates that Rad52 mediates IgD CSR through a microhomology-based DNA repair pathway, leading to the expression of IgD in B cells.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yuewen Luo, Xiantao Zhang, Ran Chen, Rong Li, Yang Liu, Junsong Zhang, Qin Liu, Meijun Si, Jun Liu, Bolin Wu, Xuemei Wang, Shijian Wu, Yiwen Zhang, Xu Zhang, Deyin Guo, Xin He, Ting Pan, Hui Zhang
Summary: This study found that the deubiquitinase USP10 can translocate into the nucleus and stabilize nuclear AID protein levels through AKT-mediated phosphorylation. Furthermore, the signals from BCR and TLR synergistically promote the phosphorylation of USP10. Deficiency of USP10 in B cells leads to decreased AID protein levels and reduced production of neutralizing antibodies.
SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION AND TARGETED THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Emily Sible, Simin Zheng, Jee Eun Choi, Bao Q. Vuong
Summary: Somatic hypermutation in germinal centers is a critical process for B cells to generate higher affinity immunoglobulins by introducing untemplated mutations. Methods to quantify intron mutations like JH4 using FACS, PCR, and Sanger sequencing provide valuable tools for studying somatic hypermutation and immunoglobulin diversification.
JOVE-JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS
(2021)
Article
Fisheries
Keisuke Yoshinaga, Hiroto Oshio, Billy Prasetio, Haruka Hayashida, Eriko Maeda, Mizuki Matsumoto
Summary: This study revealed similar Ig H-chain isotypes in three species of urodele amphibians, suggesting that IgD splice variants may be universally expressed among amphibian species.
DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Brian L. L. Hie, Varun R. R. Shanker, Duo Xu, Theodora U. J. Bruun, Payton A. A. Weidenbacher, Shaogeng Tang, Wesley Wu, John E. E. Pak, Peter S. S. Kim
Summary: Natural evolution explores vast sequence space for rare mutations, and learning from it can guide artificial evolution. A study found that general protein language models can efficiently evolve human antibodies by suggesting evolutionarily plausible mutations, even without target antigen, binding specificity, or protein structure information. Language-model-guided affinity maturation improved the binding affinities of clinically relevant antibodies up to sevenfold and unmatured antibodies up to 160-fold, with favorable thermostability and viral neutralization activity. The models also guided efficient evolution across diverse protein families and selection pressures.
NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Matthew Van Beek, Michel C. Nussenzweig, Arup K. Chakraborty
Summary: The humoral immune response relies on B cells and antibodies to provide immune protection. Memory B cells play a crucial role in reinfection or booster vaccination. Selective expansion of memory B cells with high affinity outside germinal centers results in a rapid production of optimal antibodies upon reexposure to the same antigen. Memory B cells that enter secondary germinal centers can undergo mutation and selection, leading to more potent immune responses over time. The diversity of memory B cells generated in germinal centers is important in providing protection against variant antigens.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yuqing Feng, Conglei Li, Jessica A. Stewart, Philip Barbulescu, Noe Seija Desivo, Alejandro alvarez-Quilon, Rossanna C. Pezo, Madusha L. W. Perera, Katherine Chan, Amy Hin Yan Tong, Rukshana Mohamad-Ramshan, Maribel Berru, Diana Nakib, Gavin Li, Gholam Ali Kardar, James R. Carlyle, Jason Moffat, Daniel Durocher, Javier M. Di Noia, Ashok S. Bhagwat, Alberto Martin
Summary: AID catalyzes the conversion of deoxycytidines to deoxyuracils in immunoglobulin genes to induce somatic hypermutation and class-switch recombination. FAM72A is identified as a major determinant for the error-prone processing of deoxyuracils, enabling AID to exert its full effects on antibody maturation by disabling efficient DNA repair pathways. Overexpression of FAM72A in cancer could promote mutagenesis.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Talin Ebrahimian, France Dierick, Vincent Ta, Maria Kotsiopriftis, Jonathan O'Connor Miranda, Koren K. Mann, Alexandre Orthwein, Stephanie Lehoux
Summary: Naive B cells producing IgM have a protective effect against atherosclerosis, while mature B cells producing class-switched antibodies promote atherosclerosis. Activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID), which mediates class switch recombination (CSR), plays a significant role in both atherosclerosis and B cell tolerance. Depletion of AID inhibits atherosclerotic plaque formation.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Shohei Kikuchi, Akinori Wada, Yusuke Kamihara, Yoshimi Nabe, Tomoki Minemura, Jun Murakami, Nam H. H. Dang, Tsutomu Sato
Summary: Biclonal gammopathy is a rare phenomenon characterized by the detection of 2 M proteins in the same patient. The etiology of this condition remains unclear. In this study, we found double positive cells in two cases of B-cell malignancy with biclonal gammopathy, suggesting a possible involvement of cell transition and class switch recombination. Immunostaining revealed the expression of activation induced cytidine deaminase in these cells, indicating its potential role in the pathogenesis of biclonal gammopathy.
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Bianca Lisley Barboza Pacheco, Camila Parada Nogueira, Emerson Jose Venancio
Summary: IgY antibodies, found in the blood and yolk of eggs, have shown potential for immunotherapy and immunodiagnosis. This review examines the factors influencing the affinity and avidity of IgY antibodies and the methods used to determine these variables. More research is needed to standardize methodologies and optimize the production of high avidity IgY antibodies.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xia Xie, Tingting Gan, Bing Rao, Weiwei Zhang, Rohit A. Panchakshari, Dingpeng Yang, Xiong Ji, Yu Cao, Frederick W. Alt, Fei-Long Meng, Jiazhi Hu
Summary: The mutant AID-delC protein fails to efficiently target antibody genes, forms condensates, and may exert a dominant-negative effect on wild-type AID.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Hitomi Masuda, Atsushi Sawada, Shu-ichi Hashimoto, Kanako Tamai, Ke-Yi Lin, Naoto Harigai, Kohei Kurosawa, Kunihiro Ohta, Hidetaka Seo, Hiroshi Itou
Summary: In this study, we engineered DT40 capable of receiving exogenous antibody genes and successfully demonstrated the affinity maturation of antibodies. The resulting antibodies showed improved binding affinities and in vitro cytotoxicity, indicating the versatility and usefulness of this B cell-based affinity maturation system.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anubhav Tamrakar, Prashant Kodgire
Summary: This study reveals the modulation of immune response by H. pylori outer membrane proteins in interaction with B-cells, providing insights into the pathogen's evasion strategies.
MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nathan Gueguinou, Jeremy Jeandel, Sandra Kaminski, Sarah Baatout, Stephanie Ghislin, Jean-Pol Frippiat
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2019)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Corentine Alauzet, Lisiane Cunat, Maxime Wack, Alain Lozniewski, Helene Busby, Nelly Agrinier, Catherine Cailliez-Grimal, Jean-Pol Frippiat
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2019)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Corentine Alauzet, Lisiane Cunat, Maxime Wack, Laurence Lanfumey, Christine Legrand-Frossi, Alain Lozniewski, Nelly Agrinier, Catherine Cailliez-Grimal, Jean-Pol Frippiat
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2020)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Julie Bonnefoy, Stephanie Ghislin, Jerome Beyrend, Florence Coste, Gaetano Calcagno, Isabelle Lartaud, Guillemette Gauquelin-Koch, Sylvain Poussier, Jean-Pol Frippiat
Summary: The use of rotors to expose animals to hypergravity levels helps understand the effects of altered gravity on physiological functions and animal development. The GEPAM platform, part of ESA's ground-based facilities, studies the impact of altered gravity on aquatic animal models and mice, with rotors for hypergravity exposure and models for simulating microgravity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Tuong Thi Le, Armelle Ropars, Arnaud Aymes, Jean-Pol Frippiat, Romain Kapel
Summary: This study aimed to extract phenolic compounds from liquid effluent of the sunflower protein isolate process using XAD7 resin. Multicriteria optimization showed that the optimal conditions led to production of a fraction containing 76.05% chlorogenic acid with high antioxidant capacity. In vitro assays demonstrated that this fraction was non-toxic to cells and could reduce the production of inflammatory factors, highlighting its potential anti-inflammatory properties.
Article
Microbiology
Maurin D'agostino, Nicolas Tesse, Rose Anne Lavergne, Patrice Le Pape, Jean Pol Frippiat, Marie Machouart, Anne Debourgogne
Summary: CIN-102 has shown potential as a new class of antifungal drug that is effective against resistant filamentous fungi and inhibits biofilm formation. The study demonstrated the antifungal activity of CIN-102 and its lack of induced resistance in strains, making it a promising candidate for treating invasive fungal infections, especially in cases of resistance.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Jordan Chamarande, Lisiane Cunat, Celine Caillet, Laurence Mathieu, Jerome F. L. Duval, Alain Lozniewski, Jean-Pol Frippiat, Corentine Alauzet, Catherine Cailliez-Grimal
Summary: The gut microbiota is a complex ecosystem crucial for host's well-being, where stress-induced molecules significantly impact the adhesion and biofilm formation capacities of Parabacteroides distasonis. The study provides insights on inter-strain variability and paves the way for further research on stress-molecules' involvement in maintaining P. distasonis within gut microbiota.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tuong Thi Le, Xavier Framboisier, Arnaud Aymes, Armelle Ropars, Jean-Pol Frippiat, Romain Kapel
Summary: This study identified phenolic compounds in an aqueous protein by-product from rapeseed meal, with sinapine being the main compound. XAD16 resin showed the highest adsorption capacity for phenolic compounds, and ethanol at specific concentrations was effective for their desorption. Antioxidant tests indicated that these compounds can serve as natural antioxidants in the food industry.
Article
Microbiology
Pierre Vermeulen, Arnaud Gruez, Anne-Lyse Babin, Jean-Pol Frippiat, Marie Machouart, Anne Debourgogne
Summary: This study investigated the potential relationship between azole susceptibility and mutations in CYP51 protein sequences in the Fusarium solani species complex (FSSC). The results showed point mutations in FSSC similar to those described in azole-resistant strains. Protein sequence alignments of CYP51 revealed different patterns, and a link between voriconazole susceptibility and protein sequences was observed.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gaetano Calcagno, Nassima Ouzren, Sandra Kaminski, Stephanie Ghislin, Jean-Pol Frippiat
Summary: Gravity changes during spaceflight affect the immune system and TCR beta repertoire. This study investigates the role of histone modifications in this process, finding that downregulation of H3K27me3 contributes to the regulation of V beta germline transcript expression. The study also suggests the involvement of EZH2 in the regulation of TCR beta locus chromatin structure.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gaetano Calcagno, Jeremy Jeandel, Jean-Pol Frippiat, Sandra Kaminski
Summary: Different forms of stress in spaceflights impact the immune system and specifically dendritic cells. Hypergravity induces a less mature phenotype in dendritic cells, while simulated microgravity reduces their activation and pro-inflammatory cytokine production. Microgravity also impairs dendritic cells' ability to induce a proper immune response.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marwa Roumani, Armelle Ropars, Christophe Robin, Raphael E. Duval, Jean-Pol Frippiat, Michel Boisbrun, Romain Larbat
Summary: Resistance to conventional treatments calls for the discovery of new therapeutic molecules. Plant specialized metabolites like phenolamides in tomato plants have potential antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory properties. This study investigated whether three major phenolamides found in Tuta absoluta-infested tomato leaves have antimicrobial, cytotoxic, and/or anti-inflammatory properties. The results showed that these phenolamides exhibited varying degrees of antibacterial activity and were able to counteract the pro-inflammatory effect on cells. Extracts from healthy tomato leaves could also reduce inflammation. These findings suggest that phenolamides from tomato leaves could serve as alternatives to conventional drugs.
Article
Microbiology
Maurine D'Agostino, Anne-Lyse Babin, Marie Zaffino, Jean-Pol Frippiat, Marie Machouart, Anne Debourgogne
Summary: This study investigated the physiological changes of Fusarium solani species complex under simulated microgravity. The results showed increased growth, spore production, and germination, while biofilm production was reduced under microgravity. These findings highlight the importance of further studying this fungus as microgravity may weaken astronauts' immune system.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rosella Spina, Armelle Ropars, Sihem Bouazzi, Safa Dadi, Pascal Lemiere, Francois Dupire, Afra Khiralla, Sakina Yagi, Jean-Pol Frippiat, Dominique Laurain-Mattar
Summary: Endophytic fungi are a promising research area for the treatment of inflammatory chronic diseases, as they have the potential to possess anti-inflammatory properties. Compounds extracted from endophytic fungi can counteract inflammation and induce an anti-inflammatory state, suggesting their potential as alternatives to conventional anti-inflammatory drugs.
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Pauline Jacob, Christian Oertlin, Bjorn Baselet, Lisa S. Westerberg, Jean-Pol Frippiat, Sarah Baatout
Summary: Despite more than 50 years of sending humans into space, there are still crucial unanswered questions regarding the immune response in space conditions. The complex interactions between the immune system and other physiological systems in the human body make it challenging to study the long-term effects of space stressors such as radiation and microgravity. Exposure to microgravity and cosmic radiation can lead to changes in the immune system at the cellular and molecular levels, as well as in the major physiological systems of the body. Future long-term space missions may face serious health consequences due to abnormal immune responses induced in the space environment, including reduced ability to respond to injuries, infections, and vaccines, and increased risk of chronic diseases.