Review
Agronomy
Maor Matzrafi, Christopher Preston, Caio Augusto Brunharo
Summary: The genus Lolium consists of many important species that can inter-breed and generate new variants during expansion to new environments. Hybridization with other species may lead to adaptations to new environments, including herbicide resistance. Studies mainly focus on the impact of genetic diversity and hybridization on the adaptability of Lolium species.
PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Wegi A. Wuddineh, Xia Xu, Gan-Yuan Zhong
Summary: This study identified VvALS1 as the best candidate gene for providing resistance to ALS-inhibiting herbicides in grapevine. The researchers found that chlorsulfuron and imazapyr herbicides showed a linear response curve in grapevine callus and in vitro shoots. By introducing amino acid substitutions in VvALS gene, the transgenic plants exhibited high resistance to chlorsulfuron or imazapyr herbicides. This research highlights the potential use of VvALS mutations as a selectable marker and enables gene-editing in grapevine improvement.
PLANT CELL TISSUE AND ORGAN CULTURE
(2023)
Article
Evolutionary Biology
Cynthia Sias, Nithya Subramanian, George Hodnett, William Rooney, Muthukumar Bagavathiannan
Summary: This experiment compared 12 different cytoplasmic male sterile sorghum genotypes and their respective male fertile lines to assess the frequency of hybridization and seed set. Results indicated significant differences in interspecific hybridization frequency among the sorghum genotypes, and pollen fertility in sorghum reduced the rate of hybridization. Hybridization rates also varied across study environments. These findings are helpful for developing gene flow mitigation strategies and suggest that gene flow could be reduced by selecting appropriate seed parents for sorghum hybrids.
EVOLUTIONARY APPLICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Vitor Simionato Bidoia, Jose Cristimiano dos Santos Neto, Cleber Daniel de Goes Maciel, Leandro Tropaldi, Caio Antonio Carbonari, Stephen Oscar Duke, Leonardo Bianco de Carvalho
Summary: This study examined the effects of recommended application rates of glyphosate on glyphosate-resistant maize. The results showed that glyphosate had no significant effects on the growth, grain composition, mineral content, grain quality, or yield of GR maize.
Article
Agronomy
Eric A. L. Jones, Robert Austin, Jeffrey C. Dunne, Charles W. Cahoon, Katherine M. Jennings, Ramon G. Leon, Wesley J. Everman
Summary: Researchers propose an image-based approach that uses a relatively inexpensive multispectral sensor designed for unmanned aerial vehicles to quickly detect glufosinate-resistant plants by measuring and quantifying the spectral reflectance of leaf disks.
Review
Agronomy
David R. Clements, Vanessa L. Jones
Summary: This review summarizes 10 ways in which weeds adapt to climate change, including general-purpose genotypes, life history strategies, and rapid evolution. These adaptation strategies enable weeds to cope with the various impacts of climate change, but also pose formidable challenges for weed management.
Review
Agronomy
Md. Parvez Anwar, A. K. M. Mominul Islam, Sabina Yeasmin, Md. Harun Rashid, Abdul Shukor Juraimi, Sharif Ahmed, Anil Shrestha
Summary: The battle against weeds in crop production requires a focus on sustainable management in the context of global climate change. Climate change may alter plant responses and weed dynamics, leading to shifts in weed community compositions and potential dominance in agro-ecosystems.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Nirmala Nalluri, Vasavirama Karri
Summary: Pigeonpea, a major food crop in tropical and sub-tropical regions, is highly cultivated in the Indian subcontinent. However, it suffers from severe yield loss due to an insect pest called Helicoverpa armigera. In order to enhance its resistance, researchers transferred two plant defensin genes into pigeonpea through genetic engineering. The resulting transgenic lines showed increased insect resistance, specifically against H. armigera larvae, suggesting their potential use in improving pigeonpea.
PLANT CELL TISSUE AND ORGAN CULTURE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Vadim Lebedev
Summary: Stable and high expression of introduced genes is crucial for using transgenic trees. This study investigated the stability and enhancer effect of the uidA gene in different parts of pear fruits during field trials over 14 years. The researchers also examined the stability and unintended effects of reporter and herbicide resistance transgenes in retransformed pear plants. The results demonstrated stable expression, enhancer effect of intron, and absence of unintended effects in transgenic fruit trees.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Jose Manuel Ugalde, Liliana Lamig, Ariel Herrera-Vasquez, Philippe Fuchs, Maria Homagk, Stanislav Kopriva, Stefanie J. Muller-Schuessele, Loreto Holuigue, Andreas J. Meyer
Summary: GSTU7 plays a crucial role in mitigating oxidative damage caused by herbicides. Under non-stress conditions, gstu7 null mutants were smaller and delayed in antioxidative response onset induced by MV, resulting in hydrogen peroxide accumulation and reduced seedling survival. Overexpression of GSTU7 completely abolished MV-induced oxidation of cytosolic glutathione buffer compared to wild-type plants.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Navdeep Kaur, Shubham Sharma, Mirza Hasanuzzaman, Pratap Kumar Pati
Summary: The susceptibility of crop plants towards abiotic stresses poses a significant threat to global food security. Traditional methods such as plant breeding and genetic engineering have limitations in enhancing stress resilience due to the complex inheritance of adaptive traits. Genome editing has emerged as a promising approach to address this challenge by improving stress tolerance in crops with high precision.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GENOMICS
(2022)
Article
Entomology
Luiza Pereira Sanchez, Michael Willian Rocha De Souza, Cintia Maria Teixeira Fialho, Evander Alves Ferreira, Edson Aparecidov Dos Santos, Ronnie von dos Santos Veloso, Marcus Alvarenga Soares
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of herbicides on the emergence of maize weevils in different maize genotypes. The results showed that the non-transgenic isohybrid maize was the most attractive to weevils when no herbicide was applied. The application of ammonium glufosinate increased the attractiveness of transgenic maize to the weevils. The insertion of an exogenous gene and the application of herbicides can alter the insect-plant interaction and affect the attractiveness to maize weevils.
REVISTA COLOMBIANA DE ENTOMOLOGIA
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Vijaya Bhaskar Alwarnaidu Vijayarajan, Reamonn M. Fealy, Sarah K. Cook, Nawaporn Onkokesung, Susanne Barth, Michael Hennessy, Patrick D. Forristal
Summary: The challenges of grass-weed control in a mild Atlantic climate, together with non-inversion tillage and limited herbicide options, require on-farm knowledge acquisition on grass weeds in Ireland. A survey of 103 farms revealed Bromus spp. and Avena fatua as the most prevalent grass weeds, with moderate resistance. Non-inversion tillage farms had higher adoption of integrated grass-weed control methods but also higher weed scores.
FRONTIERS IN AGRONOMY
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Eric B. Scruggs, Mark J. VanGessel, David L. Holshouser, Michael L. Flessner
Summary: The research shows that applying 2,4-D, dicamba, or glufosinate alone or in combination at the first female inflorescence of Palmer amaranth can effectively reduce its seed production.
Review
Agronomy
Amit J. Jhala, Hugh J. Beckie, Carol Mallory-Smith, Marie Jasieniuk, Roberto Busi, Jason K. Norsworthy, Muthukumar V. Bagavathiannan, Breanne D. Tidemann, Charles M. Geddes
Summary: This paper reviews the reproductive biology, herbicide-resistant biotypes, pollen-mediated gene flow, and potential for transfer of alleles from HR to herbicide-susceptible grass weeds. PMGF is a major factor contributing to the widespread occurrence of HR grass weeds, particularly in obligate outcrossing species like rigid ryegrass. Italian ryegrass, with self-incompatibility and wind pollination, plays a key role in the spread of herbicide resistance alleles through PMGF. The transfer of herbicide resistance alleles varies among grass weed species, with PMGF being a greater contributor than spontaneous mutations.