Review
Oncology
William Sebastian, Lauren Forchette, Kelsey Donoughe, Yibei Lun, Anisha Verma, Tuoen Liu
Summary: In this review paper, various important aspects of hormone receptor (HR)-positive breast cancer were discussed, including HR structure and signaling, genetics (epigenetics and gene mutations), gene expression-based assays, traditional and new drugs for treatment, and new technological uses in diagnosis and treatment. Particularly, the commonly mutated genes and abnormally methylated genes in HR-positive breast cancer were summarized, and the common gene expression-based assays used in breast cancer as prognostic and/or predictive tools were compared in detail. These topic discussions have not been fully described and summarized within other research or review articles.
Review
Cell Biology
Fiona H. Zhou, Teesha Downton, Allegra Freelander, Joshua Hurwitz, C. Elizabeth Caldon, Elgene Lim
Summary: CDK4/6 inhibitors have revolutionized the treatment of ER+ breast cancer and are the standard first-line therapy. However, resistance to these inhibitors is a challenge and there is a need to understand the mechanisms of resistance to guide subsequent treatment decisions.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Fei Fei, Gene P. Siegal, Shi Wei
Summary: The study analyzed clinicopathologic features and clinical outcomes of ER-low-positive breast cancers. ER-low-positive tumors showed significantly better prognosis compared to ER-negative tumors, with overlapping survival outcomes with ER-positive tumors in the entire cohort.
BREAST CANCER RESEARCH AND TREATMENT
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Amber J. Kiliti, Ghada M. Sharif, Mary Beth Martin, Anton Wellstein, Anna T. Riegel
Summary: Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) plays a crucial role in the initiation and progression of most breast cancers. It regulates gene transcription through recruitment of coregulators, including Amplified in Breast Cancer 1 (AIB1). AIB1, an oncogene overexpressed in some breast cancers, is involved in tumor progression and resistance to endocrine therapy. This review provides an overview of the normal and pathological functions of AIB1, its actions dependent and independent of ERα, as well as its genomic conservation and protein evolution. The efforts to target AIB1 in the treatment of breast cancer are also discussed.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Esmael Besufikad Belachew, Dareskedar Tsehay Sewasew
Summary: The estrogen receptor is crucial in the treatment of estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer, with endocrine resistance posing a challenge. Combining drugs that target different signaling pathways and coregulatory proteins with endocrine therapy may offer a novel therapeutic approach to combat endocrine resistance.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
David Hicks, Ruth M. O'Regan
Summary: The Oncology Grand Rounds series aims to contextualize original reports published in the Journal into clinical practice. By presenting case studies, discussing diagnostic and management challenges, reviewing relevant literature, and providing suggested management approaches, the series helps readers better understand how to apply key research findings.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Anna Kawiak, Anna Kostecka
Summary: Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in women, with estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer accounting for two-thirds of cases. Endocrine therapy has shown benefits in treating estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer, but resistance to therapy remains a challenge. The Bcl-2 family of proteins plays a crucial role in regulating cell survival or death, particularly in resistance to endocrine therapy. Advances have been made in targeting the Bcl-2 family proteins, and their application in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer has been explored.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ioannis A. Voutsadakis
Summary: This study investigates ER-positive/HER2-negative or luminal breast cancers with high mutation numbers and compares them with cancers of the same subtype and low mutation numbers. The results show that breast cancers with high mutation numbers have a higher prevalence of certain genetic mutations and DNA damage response genes. However, the prognosis of these breast cancers is not significantly different compared to those with lower mutation counts. These findings provide information on the suitability of these cancers for immunotherapy and potential combination therapies.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Angelica Ferrando-Diez, Eudald Felip, Anna Pous, Milana Bergamino Sirven, Mireia Margeli
Summary: In recent years, the development of anti-HER2 treatments has improved the landscape of HER2-positive breast cancer. However, relapse remains a major issue. This review focuses on the milestones that have impacted the disease and highlights the importance of understanding the underlying molecular biology for optimizing treatment options. The review also discusses the role of triple-positive disease and modulation of the immune response in treatment and prognosis.
Review
Oncology
Christina Panagiotis Malainou, Nikolina Stachika, Aikaterini Konstantina Damianou, Aristotelis Anastopoulos, Ioanna Ploumaki, Efthymios Triantafyllou, Konstantinos Drougkas, Georgia Gomatou, Elias Kotteas
Summary: The expression of estrogen receptors (ERs) in breast cancer is a strong prognostic and predictive biomarker. However, there is a lack of clinical data regarding ER-low-positive breast cancer, especially in the metastatic setting. Including patients with ER-low-positive breast cancer in clinical trials may improve the understanding of this subtype and allow for the development of novel therapeutic approaches.
Article
Oncology
Maria Sund, Hans Garmo, Anne Andersson, Sara Margolin, Johan Ahlgren, Antonis Valachis
Summary: This study investigates the impact of estrogen therapy on breast cancer mortality risk in women receiving adjuvant endocrine treatment. The results suggest that concurrent use of estrogen therapy with endocrine treatment, either in the short term or long term, does not significantly increase the risk of breast cancer mortality.
BREAST CANCER RESEARCH AND TREATMENT
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Rasha T. Kakati, Hyunsoo Kim, Austin Whitman, Philip M. Spanheimer
Summary: Resistance to endocrine therapy is a major issue for patients with ER-positive breast cancer, and the expression and activation of the RET receptor tyrosine kinase may play a role in this resistance. Identifying high-risk patients and potential drug targets through biomarker-based clinical trials is the aim of this study.
BREAST CANCER RESEARCH AND TREATMENT
(2023)
Article
Biology
Mengping Long, Chong You, Qianqian Song, Lina X. J. Hu, Zhaorong Guo, Qian Yao, Wei Hou, Wei Sun, Baosheng Liang, Xiao-Hua Zhou, Yiqiang Liu, Taobo Hu
Summary: Biomarker expression changes after neoadjuvant therapy in ER-positive/HER2-negative breast cancer were found to be prognostic. PR expression reductions were more frequent than ER expression reductions after neoadjuvant therapy, and the percentage of patients with a decreased Ki-67 index was similar in the three treatment groups. PR losses caused by NET were related to low baseline PR expression, and there was no significant association between PR losses and Ki-67 reductions or ER losses.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lian Duan, Rui Liu, Xiaoyue Cui, Qiaoling Zhang, Dan Cao, Maoshan Chen, Aijie Zhang
Summary: This study identified a prognostic biomarker, UBFD1, associated with ER-positive breast cancer. Higher expression of UBFD1 was observed in ER-positive breast cancer tissues and correlated with poor prognosis. UBFD1 was found to be primarily associated with hormone activity and inflammation. These findings suggest that UBFD1 has the potential to be a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for ER-positive breast cancer.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Shuhan Peng, Shengkun Dong, Chang Gong, Xiaohong Chen, Hongyu Du, Yuehao Zhan, Zhifeng Yang
Summary: This study for the first time identified certain components in the source waters of the Pearl River Basin region in China that promote the proliferation of mammalian cells and confirmed their association with female cancers through the estrogen receptor pathway. These source water components include organic compounds (phthalates, bisphenol A, nonylphenols, and per-/polyfluoroalkyls) and inorganic components (Sb, Co, As, and nitrate). Moreover, these identified water components were present at levels comparable to other regions with high female cancer prevalence, suggesting that the potential risk may not be exclusive to the study region.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
