Review
Oncology
Samantha Gogola, Michael Rejzer, Hisham F. F. Bahmad, Ferial Alloush, Yumna Omarzai, Robert Poppiti
Summary: The standard of care therapy for early prostate cancer includes external beam radiation therapy, brachytherapy, radical prostatectomy, active surveillance, or a combination approach. Androgen deprivation therapy is considered for advanced disease. However, many patients eventually develop castration-resistant prostate cancer, leading to the development of targeted therapies, including prostate cancer stem cell-targeted therapies. In this review, the mechanisms of action of PCSC-targeted therapies are summarized and future development is discussed.
Review
Oncology
Isis Wolf, Christian Gratzke, Philipp Wolf
Summary: Despite research and improvements in diagnosis and therapy, prostate cancer (PC) remains a major challenge. Recent findings have highlighted the role of PC stem cells (PCSCs) in tumorigenesis, relapse, metastasis, and treatment resistance. This review discusses the impact of PCSCs in clinical practice and presents new therapeutic approaches to improve outcomes for PC patients.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Vahideh Keyvani, Espanta Riahi, Meysam Yousefi, Seyed-Alireza Esmaeili, Rana Shafabakhsh, Amin Moradi Hasan-Abad, Maryam Mahjoubin-Tehran, Michael R. Hamblin, Samaneh Mollazadeh, Hamed Mirzaei
Summary: This article discusses the molecular mechanism of gynecologic cancer and the role of cancer stem cells (CSCs) in treatment, aiming to discover more specific therapeutic approaches to gynecologic cancer.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Zhijun Zhou, Min Li
Summary: Targeted therapy is crucial for improving overall survival and reducing side effects in cancer treatment, but each patient responds differently to treatment. The development of cutting-edge technologies, such as next-generation sequencing, has allowed for the identification of more actionable targets. This special issue of BMC Medicine presents a collection of studies on targeted therapies for various cancer types, aiming to bridge the gap between genomic testing and precision medicine and spark innovations in improving the efficacy of targeted therapies.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Victoria O. Hunsu, Caroline O. B. Facey, Jeremy Z. Fields, Bruce M. Boman
Summary: Retinoic acid (RA) agents show anti-tumor activity by inducing cellular differentiation, but have not yet been widely used for systemic treatment in most solid tumors. RA signaling is mediated through retinoic receptor subtypes, with mutations in these receptors offering opportunities for target discovery in personalized medicine.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Markus H. Frank, Brian J. Wilson, Jason S. Gold, Natasha Y. Frank
Summary: The concept of cancer stem cells (CSCs) suggests a hierarchy within tumors where a minority of more primitive cells give rise to more differentiated cells that make up the tumor bulk, but are not capable of perpetuating tumors on their own. CSCs may drive therapeutic resistance and cancer progression, and their identification and isolation methods have been established. Single-cell omics technologies offer opportunities to discover novel molecular pathways for CRC eradication.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jacek R. Wilczynski, Milosz Wilczynski, Edyta Paradowska
Summary: This review provides an overview of the biology of ovarian cancer stem cells (OCSCs) and their impact on chemo-resistance and prognosis in ovarian cancer patients. It discusses the role of OCSCs in cancer progression and recurrence, as well as potential treatment options targeted specifically at OCSCs.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fu Peng, Minru Liao, Rui Qin, Shiou Zhu, Cheng Peng, Leilei Fu, Yi Chen, Bo Han
Summary: Regulated cell death (RCD), also known as programmed cell death (PCD), is a form of cell death that can be controlled by various biomacromolecules, distinct from accidental cell death (ACD). The different subroutines of RCD play crucial roles in tumorigenesis and may lead to the development of potential therapeutic strategies. Targeting the subroutines of RCD with small-molecule compounds has emerged as a promising therapeutic approach and has shown rapid progress in various types of human cancers.
SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION AND TARGETED THERAPY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Shenduo Li, Guilherme Sacchi de Camargo Correia, Jing Wang, Rami Manochakian, Yujie Zhao, Yanyan Lou
Summary: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally, with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) being the most common type. Although targeted therapy has improved survival in NSCLC patients with actionable mutations, therapy resistance and lack of targeted agents for certain oncogenic driver mutations remain challenges. This review summarizes emerging targeted therapies that have been tested in first-in-human clinical trials in the past year.
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Xiangyi Kong, Yihang Qi, Xiangyu Wang, Rui Jiang, Jing Wang, Yi Fang, Jidong Gao, Kuo Chu Hwang
Summary: The therapeutic effect of highly malignant triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is negatively affected by resistant clone formation and severe toxicity. Nano delivery system effectively suppresses and kills tumor cells by targeted delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs, gene fragments, and immune enhancing factors. Combined with photothermal ablation therapy, it achieves synergism, toxicity reduction, gene inhibition, and immune system activation. These nanoparticle delivery systems revolutionize drug design and usage, reducing adverse effects of toxic chemodrugs.
PROGRESS IN MATERIALS SCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Harry J. Gould, Dennis Paul
Summary: Conventional cancer treatment often leads to resistance and severe adverse effects. However, targeted therapies have emerged as a more effective and selective approach for treating cancer by delivering lethal treatment to specific cancer cells while limiting adverse effects.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Botle Precious Setlai, Rodney Hull, Meshack Bida, Chrisna Durandt, Thanyani Victor Mulaudzi, Aristotelis Chatziioannou, Zodwa Dlamini
Summary: Immune response is crucial for patient prognosis and response to cancer treatment. Tumors evade immune surveillance by altering antigen processing pathways and the tumor microenvironment. This review highlights the molecular signaling pathways involved in immune suppression and how cancer cells manipulate antigen processing to escape immune surveillance. Additionally, the review explores the potential use of these pathways in precision medicine and understanding drug resistance.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yinxing Zhu, Xuedan Zhu, Xiaowei Wei, Cuiju Tang, Wenwen Zhang
Summary: Molecular targeted therapy focusing on the HER-2 signaling pathway in gastric cancer has gained attention, with trastuzumab being the only approved drug for HER-2 positive advanced gastric cancer. Ongoing research is developing novel HER2-targeted drugs, and clinical trials are exploring various approaches to overcome resistance and improve treatment outcomes for HER2-positive gastric cancer patients.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-REVIEWS ON CANCER
(2021)
Review
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Ahmed Lotfy, Aya Elgamal, Anna Burdzinska, Ayman A. Swelum, Reham Soliman, Ayman A. Hassan, Gamal Shiha
Summary: Autoimmune hepatitis is a chronic inflammatory liver disease, and adult stem cells (ASCs) have been investigated as potential therapies with positive effects. Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) interact with immune response pathways and are potentially valuable in treating autoimmune diseases like autoimmune hepatitis.
STEM CELL RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Sangeeta Goswami, Swetha Anandhan, Deblina Raychaudhuri, Padmanee Sharma
Summary: This study describes current therapies that aim to modulate the functional activities of myeloid cell populations in the tumor microenvironment, impacting their recruitment, survival, and activity. Myeloid cells are the most abundant immune components in the tumor microenvironment and have diverse functions. The authors highlight key features of monocyte and macrophage biology as potential targets for cancer therapies and discuss the need for a deeper understanding of myeloid cells to improve clinical outcomes.
NATURE REVIEWS IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
