Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sungim Choi, Song Mi Moon, Ji-Soo Kwon, Sung-Han Kim, Seong Yeon Park
Summary: The study evaluated the diagnostic usefulness of varicella zoster virus (VZV) specific IgA and IgG antibodies in patients with herpes zoster (HZ). The results showed significant differences in the levels of VZV-specific IgA and IgG antibodies between HZ patients and healthy controls.
JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Shivam K. Purohit, Carolyn Samer, Hamish E. G. McWilliam, Renee Traves, Megan Steain, Brian P. McSharry, Paul R. Kinchington, David C. Tscharke, Jose A. Villadangos, Jamie Rossjohn, Allison Abendroth, Barry Slobedman
Summary: This study demonstrates that varicella zoster virus suppresses the expression of antigen presentation molecule MR1, highlighting the intricate temporal relationship between infection and ligand availability. The study also suggests that VZV likely encodes multiple viral genes targeting MR1.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Review
Microbiology
Dequan Pan, Wei Wang, Tong Cheng
Summary: Infection with VZV causes chickenpox and shingles, resulting in significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Detecting serum VZV-specific antibodies is crucial for clinical diagnosis, sero-epidemiological research, and evaluating the efficacy of VZV vaccine. Various methods for VZV antibody detection have been developed, and this review summarizes and compares the current methods while discussing future directions in the field.
Article
Dermatology
Patrick Terheyden, Cord Sunderkoetter, Franz-Dietmar Soehngen, Linda Golle, Sonja Schimo, Ralf Baron, Christian Maihoefner, Andreas Binder, Wolfram Poenisch
Summary: This case series demonstrates the satisfactory treatment effectiveness and tolerability of VZV-IgG as adjuvant therapy for immunocompromised HZ patients and supports early intensification of HZ therapy in patients at high risk of severe disease progression.
DERMATOLOGY AND THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Franziska Di Pauli, Paul Morschewsky, Klaus Berek, Michael Auer, Angelika Bauer, Thomas Berger, Gabriel Bsteh, Paul Rhomberg, Kathrin Schanda, Anne Zinganell, Florian Deisenhammer, Markus Reindl, Harald Hegen
Summary: The study did not find MOG-IgG associated with VZV infections, but identified cases with AQP4 IgG related disorders.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pathology
Maria Mostyka, Jinru Shia, William L. Neumann, Christa L. Whitney-Miller, Michael Feely, Rhonda K. Yantiss
Summary: Reactivation of latent varicella zoster virus (VZV) can lead to gastrointestinal involvement, particularly in immunocompromised patients, producing unique histologic features that differ from herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection. Recognition of gastrointestinal VZV infection is crucial due to its potential to progress to life-threatening disseminated disease.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGICAL PATHOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Virology
Peter G. E. Kennedy
Summary: Varicella-Zoster virus (VZV) is a pathogenic alpha herpes virus that causes chickenpox and shingles. In addition to shingles, VZV reactivation can lead to post-herpetic neuralgia and various other neurological conditions such as vasculopathy, giant cell arteritis, segmental motor weakness, myelitis, cranial nerve syndromes, Guillain-Barre syndrome, meningoencephalitis, and zoster sine herpete. However, the limited number of reported cases and the issue of causation when neurological conditions occur without the presence of a shingles rash complicate the field.
Article
Immunology
Huimin Chen, Chumin Liang, Xiaorong Huang, Qianqian Ruan, Zhaowan Li, Ximing Hu, Lilian Zeng, Huifang Lin, Jialing Li, Xin Xie, Qi Zhu, Tao Liu, Limei Sun, Jiufeng Sun
Summary: Low vaccination rates against VZV in low-income areas of Zhanjiang and Heyuan, China contribute to high infection rates, highlighting the need for improved vaccination coverage.
Article
Immunology
Anne A. Gershon, Michael D. Gershon, Eugene D. Shapiro
Summary: The development and application of the varicella vaccine has brought significant health benefits to children and immunocompromised patients worldwide, reducing the incidence of varicella as well as decreasing the incidence of herpes zoster. Additionally, the vaccine provides protection against the varicella-zoster virus and offers an extra layer of prevention for susceptible adults.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Virology
Vincent Guiraud, Henri Thevenet, David Boutolleau
Summary: This study demonstrates that varicella zoster virus DNA can commonly be detected in the blood of immunocompromised patients during the prodromal phase of herpes zoster. Early screening of VZV DNA in the blood of high-risk immunocompromised patients may improve the therapeutic management of herpes zoster.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Mona Marin, Jessica Leung, Adriana S. Lopez, Leah Shepersky, D. Scott Schmid, Anne A. Gershon
Summary: Varicella patients may be infectious before rash onset, although current evidence on this mode of transmission is not sufficient, therefore the main route of varicella transmission remains after rash appearance.
EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Xinzhu Yu, Artitaya Lophatananon, Krisztina Mekli, Kenneth R. Muir, Hui Guo
Summary: This study found that genes related to anti-varicella-zoster virus (VZV) immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels play a role in multiple traits. Using instrumental variables from both inside and outside the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) region, causal associations were identified between anti-VZV IgG levels and certain diseases. The impact of genetic variations in the MHC region on Mendelian randomization (MR) results was also emphasized.
Review
Biology
Anna Bertelli, Valentina Carta, Lucia Mangeri, Arnaldo Caruso, Maria Antonia De Francesco
Summary: Europe has experienced a significant spread of the varicella-zoster virus, with complications and severe forms of chickenpox limited after the introduction of an effective vaccine. Pregnant women are particularly vulnerable to this infection, both for themselves and their fetus. This review focuses on the danger of the varicella-zoster virus during pregnancy, discussing treatment and vaccination issues, and collecting European epidemiological data on this specific population.
Article
Virology
Deborah Fiordelisi, Mariacristina Poliseno, Nicolo De Gennaro, Eugenio Milano, Carmen Rita Santoro, Francesco Vladimiro Segala, Carlo Felice Franco, Giorgia Manco Cesari, Luisa Frallonardo, Giacomo Guido, Giuliana Metrangolo, Greta Romita, Francesco Di Gennaro, Annalisa Saracino
Summary: This retrospective cohort study investigates the association between varicella-zoster virus (VZV) reactivation and vascular risk in People Living with HIV (PLWH). The results show that PLWH with a history of herpes zoster (HZ) have a higher prevalence of ischemic events, and the concurrent presence of VZV and HZ increases the risk of ischemia. Chronic heart disease is a stronger predictor of ischemic events in PLWH.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Seok Hwan Chung, Jung Min Kim, Hwa Sung Rim, Seung Geun Yeo, Sang Hoon Kim
Summary: This study investigated the differences in prognosis and accompanying symptoms of facial paralysis in patients with Ramsay Hunt syndrome (RHS) based on the presence or absence of VZV IgM and IgG antibodies. The results showed that abnormal VZV IgM and IgG levels significantly affected the degree of facial paralysis and accompanying otologic symptoms.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)