Antizyme Restrains Centrosome Amplification by Regulating the Accumulation of Mps1 at Centrosomes

Extra centrosomes are found in many tumors, and their appearance is an early event that can generate aberrant mitotic spindles and aneuploidy. Because the failure to appropriately degrade the Mps1 protein kinase correlates with centrosome overproduction in tumor-derived cells, defects in the factors that promote Mps1 degradation may contribute to extra centrosomes in tumors. However, while we have recently characterized an Mps1 degradation signal, the factors that regulate Mps1 centrosomal Mps1 are unknown. Antizyme (OAZ), a mediator of ubiquitin-independent degradation and a suspected tumor suppressor, was recently shown to localize to centrosomes and modulate centrosome overproduction, but the known OAZ substrates were not responsible for its effect on centrosomes. We have found that OAZ exerts its effect on centrosomes via Mps1. OAZ promotes the removal of Mps1 from centrosomes, and centrosome overproduction caused by reducing OAZ activity requires Mps1. OAZ binds to Mps1 via the Mps1 degradation signal and modulates the function of Mps1 in centrosome overproduction. Moreover, OAZ regulates the canonical centrosome duplication cycle, and reveals a function for Mps1 in procentriole assembly. Together, our data suggest that OAZ restrains the assembly of centrioles by controlling the levels of centrosomal Mps1 through the Cdk2-regulated Mps1 degradation signal.