Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
J. Chalmers, Y. C. L. Tung, C. H. Liu, C. J. O'Kane, S. O'Rahilly, G. S. H. Yeo
Summary: A multicomponent screen for feeding behaviour phenotypes in Drosophila was validated and used to study genes implicated in energy homeostasis and nutritionally regulated genes in hypothalamic neurons. The study identified genes from human GWAS and murine genes that significantly influenced feeding behaviour and energy homeostasis in fruit flies. This approach demonstrates the utility of Drosophila as a model organism for high-throughput genetic screening of obesity-related genes.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Weimin Wang, Yukun Zhang, Xiaoxue Zhang, Chong Li, Lvfeng Yuan, Deyin Zhang, Yuan Zhao, Xiaolong Li, Jiangbo Cheng, Changchun Lin, Liming Zhao, Jianghui Wang, Dan Xu, Xiangpeng Yue, Wanhong Li, Xiuxiu Wen, Zhihua Jiang, Xuezhi Ding, Ghasem Hosseini Salekdeh, Fadi Li
Summary: This study reveals the reciprocal interplay among host genetic variations, the rumen microbiota, and the body weight traits of sheep. The findings provide insights into the diverse microbiota characteristics of the rumen and may help in designing precision microbiota management strategies for controlling and manipulating the sheep rumen microbiota to increase productivity.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
David J. Baer, Michelle Dalton, John Blundell, Graham Finlayson, Frank B. Hu
Summary: Over the years, research on nut consumption has shown that nuts can reduce the risk of chronic diseases. Despite their high fat content, nuts do not cause weight gain. This review discusses factors such as food composition, digestive impact, and appetite regulation related to energy intake from nuts.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Kevin M. Moran, Lina Fernanda Gonzalez-Martinez, Yvon Delville
Summary: Exposure to social stress during puberty in hamsters leads to increased body weight and food consumption. While stressed hamsters gain more weight and accumulate more body fat compared to controls, the effects are long-lasting, with stressed hamsters consistently weighing 10% more than non-stressed counterparts for over two months post-stress period. However, appetite levels are not significantly affected by stress, as shown through food retrieval behavior in conditioning training.
HORMONES AND BEHAVIOR
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Kimberly R. Smith, Timothy H. Moran
Summary: Food intake is tightly regulated by homeostatic signals sensitive to metabolic needs to control body weight; peripherally-secreted gastrointestinal peptides play a key role in appetite regulation; hormone-based pharmacotherapies are available for the treatment of obesity and eating disorders.
PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Amelia Faradina, Yu-Tang Tung, Seu-Hwa Chen, Yu-Chi Liao, Meng-Jung Chou, I-Chun Teng, Wen-Ling Lin, Ching-Chiung Wang, Ming-Thau Sheu, Po-Yu Chou, Chun-Kuang Shih, Anatoly V. Skalny, Alexey A. Tinkov, Jung-Su Chang
Summary: This study found that djulis hull (DH) has positive effects on iron metabolism in obese rats, increasing serum and hepatic iron levels while decreasing appetite hormones, body weight, hepcidin, and liver inflammation. DH can downregulate hepatic hepcidin through the IL-6-JAK-STAT3 pathway and enhance ferroportin via the Keap1-Nrf2 and PHD2-HIF-2 alpha pathways.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Thea Toft Hansen, Arne Astrup, Anders Sjodin
Summary: The systematic review found that increasing protein intake can have a moderate beneficial effect on body weight management. Additionally, individuals with prediabetes or without obesity risk alleles were found to benefit more from a high-protein diet.
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Chang Sun, Peter Kovacs, Esther Guiu-Jurado
Summary: Genetics plays a role in body fat distribution, with variations seen across different ethnic groups. Asians are more prone to type 2 diabetes compared to Europeans, despite having lower BMIs. Most of the research on fat distribution-related genetic loci has been conducted in European populations.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Maria Grazia Cappai, Annette Liesegang, Cecilia Dall'Aglio, Giovanna Coppa, Carolina Pirino, Francesca Mercati, Walter Pinna
Summary: The study found that leptin is produced and receptor expressed in different tissues of the ovary in underweight queens, suggesting that the role of leptin may not be limited to the ovary, but may also affect other systemic functions in the body.
VETERINARY RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Zachary Shea, William M. Singer, Luciana Rosso, Qijian Song, Bo Zhang
Summary: Test weight, an important indicator of soybean seed quality, has been observed to decrease over the past 50 years. This study aimed to identify genetic markers associated with high test weight in soybean and to determine the correlation between test weight and seed composition traits. Results showed that test weight values ranged from 62-77 kg/hL over the three years. Multiple SNPs associated with high test weight were found on chromosomes 15 and 14, and 11 candidate genes were identified. Test weight was negatively correlated with oil content and inconsistently correlated with protein content. The study concluded that genes underlying test weight may be located on chromosome 15.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
George Thom, Alasdair McIntosh, Claudia-Martina Messow, Wilma S. Leslie, Alison C. Barnes, Naomi Brosnahan, Louise McCombie, Dalia Malkova, Ahmad Al-Mrabeh, Sviatlana Zhyzhneuskaya, Paul Welsh, Naveed Sattar, Roy Taylor, Michael E. J. Lean
Summary: The increase in ghrelin during diet-induced weight loss was found to be a predictor of weight regain, indicating that attenuating the effects of ghrelin may improve weight-loss maintenance.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
R. James Stubbs, Jake Turicchi
Summary: Understanding the effects of energy imbalances on physiological and behavioral responses is crucial for managing obesity and undernutrition. Compensatory changes in physiology and behavior are more pronounced in response to negative energy balances, and therapeutic weight loss and famine/semistarvation both involve prolonged energy deficits with key differences.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Austin J. Graybeal, Jada L. Willis, Elisa Morales-Marroquin, Grant M. Tinsley, Sarah E. Messiah, Meena Shah
Summary: Historically, fat mass has been considered to have a significant impact on human body energy homeostasis through its indirect relationship with appetite control. However, recent evidence supports the potential role of fat-free mass (FFM) in appetite control, particularly in the regulation of appetite-related measures. Yet, the underlying biological mechanisms explaining the role of FFM in tonic/episodic appetite regulation remain unclear.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Xue-Lun Zou, Sai Wang, Lei-Yun Wang, Lin-Xiao Xiao, Tian-Xing Yao, Yi Zeng, Le Zhang
Summary: The study found that childhood obesity is significantly associated with an increased risk of stroke, particularly ischemic stroke and large artery stroke. The results remained significant after various sensitivity tests, indicating the robustness of the findings.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Moritz Herle, Mohamed Abdulkadir, Christopher Hubel, Diana Santos Ferreira, Rachel Bryant-Waugh, Ruth Loos, Cynthia M. Bulik, Bianca De Stavola, Nadia Micali
Summary: The study found that polygenic scores for body mass index were associated with increased risk of overeating in early and mid-childhood, while being associated with decreased risk of persistent undereating and fussy eating. However, there was no significant association between polygenic scores for anorexia nervosa and eating behavior trajectories.
NATURE HUMAN BEHAVIOUR
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sasha R. Howard, Leonardo Guasti, Ariel Poliandri, Alessia David, Claudia P. Cabrera, Michael R. Barnes, Karoliina Wehkalampi, Stephen O'Rahilly, Catherine E. Aiken, Anthony P. Coll, Marcella Ma, Debra Rimmington, Giles S. H. Yeo, Leo Dunkel
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2018)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
J. Chalmers, Y. C. L. Tung, C. H. Liu, C. J. O'Kane, S. O'Rahilly, G. S. H. Yeo
Summary: A multicomponent screen for feeding behaviour phenotypes in Drosophila was validated and used to study genes implicated in energy homeostasis and nutritionally regulated genes in hypothalamic neurons. The study identified genes from human GWAS and murine genes that significantly influenced feeding behaviour and energy homeostasis in fruit flies. This approach demonstrates the utility of Drosophila as a model organism for high-throughput genetic screening of obesity-related genes.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Giles S. H. Yeo, Daniela Herrera Moro Chao, Anna-Maria Siegert, Zoe M. Koerperich, Mark D. Ericson, Stephanie E. Simonds, Courtney M. Larson, Serge Luquet, Iain Clarke, Shubh Sharma, Karine Clement, Michael A. Cowley, Carrie Haskell-Luevano, Lex Van der Ploeg, Roger A. H. Adan
Summary: Insights from human and mouse genetics have highlighted the central role of the brain leptin-melanocortin pathway in controlling mammalian food intake, leading to the approval of setmelanotide as a drug for individuals with severe obesity due to specific genetic deficiencies. This research provides a template for drug discovery in complex disorders, showing how a single gene target can eventually lead to the development of an approved drug after 25 years of study.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Deepali Gupta, Georgina K. C. Dowsett, Bharath K. Mani, Kripa Shankar, Sherri Osborne-Lawrence, Nathan P. Metzger, Brian Y. H. Lam, Giles S. H. Yeo, Jeffrey M. Zigman
Summary: Islets are important sites for the action of the hormone ghrelin, with expression of the ghrelin receptor (GHSR) found in alpha, beta, and somatostatin-secreting delta cells. Further analysis revealed that PP-expressing gamma cells in mice and humans are also likely direct targets for ghrelin and its antagonist LEAP2.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Xian Yu, Stephen A. Newland, Tian X. Zhao, Yuning Lu, Andrew S. Sage, Yanyi Sun, Rouchelle S. Sriranjan, Marcella K. L. Ma, Brian Y. H. Lam, Meritxell Nus, James E. Harrison, Simon J. Bond, Xiang Cheng, Jean-Sebastien Silvestre, James H. F. Rudd, Joseph Cheriyan, Ziad Mallat
Summary: ILC2s play a critical role in cardiac healing and improvement of heart function after myocardial infarction. Activation of ILC2 using low-dose IL-2 could be a novel therapeutic strategy to promote a reparative response after MI.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kaitlin H. Wade, Brian Y. H. Lam, Audrey Melvin, Warren Pan, Laura J. Corbin, David A. Hughes, Kara Rainbow, Jian-Hua Chen, Katie Duckett, Xiaoming Liu, Jacek Mokrosinski, Alexander Morseburg, Sam Neaves, Alice Williamson, Chen Zhang, I. Sadaf Farooqi, Giles S. H. Yeo, Nicholas J. Timpson, Stephen O'Rahilly
Summary: Mutations in the MC4R gene are associated with obesity, with the frequency of LoF mutations being higher than previously estimated. Carriers of such mutations may enter adulthood with a significant burden of excess adiposity.
Article
Cell Biology
Sara Kohnke, Sophie Buller, Danae Nuzzaci, Katherine Ridley, Brian Lam, Helena Pivonkova, Marie A. Bentsen, Kimberly M. Alonge, Chao Zhao, John Tadross, Staffan Holmqvist, Takahiro Shimizo, Hannah Hathaway, Huiliang Li, Wendy Macklin, Michael W. Schwartz, William D. Richardson, Giles S. H. Yeo, Robin J. M. Franklin, Ragnhildur T. Karadottir, David H. Rowitch, Clemence Blouet
Summary: The mediobasal hypothalamus plays an important role in energy balance maintenance, with refeeding triggering proliferation and differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitors in the median eminence. The remodeling of perineuronal nets in the mediobasal hypothalamus is essential for metabolic functions, and its disruption in obese mice leads to increased food intake and weight gain. These findings highlight the crucial role of oligodendrocyte differentiation in mediating the effects of nutrition on energy balance.
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Maki Asami, Brian Y. H. Lam, Marcella K. Ma, Kara Rainbow, Stefanie Braun, Matthew D. VerMilyea, Giles S. H. Yeo, Anthony C. F. Perry
Summary: Human embryonic transcription initiates at the one-cell stage, sooner than previously thought, with both upregulation and downregulation of genes impacting early development processes.
Article
Cell Biology
Ionel Sandovici, Aikaterini Georgopoulou, Vicente Perez-Garcia, Antonia Hufnagel, Jorge Lopez-Tello, Brian Y. H. Lam, Samira N. Schiefer, Chelsea Gaudreau, Fatima Santos, Katharina Hoelle, Giles S. H. Yeo, Keith Burling, Moritz Reiterer, Abigail L. Fowden, Graham J. Burton, Cristina M. Branco, Amanda N. Sferruzzi-Perri, Miguel Constancia
Summary: This study demonstrates the vital role of endothelial and fetus-derived IGF2 in the expansion of the feto-placental microvasculature and trophoblast morphogenesis. It reveals that fetal signals play an important role in controlling placental development and highlights the significance of the imprinted Igf2-Igf2r axis in matching placental development to fetal growth.
DEVELOPMENTAL CELL
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
B. Y. H. Lam, A. Williamson, S. Finer, F. R. Day, J. A. Tadross, A. Goncalves Soares, K. Wade, P. Sweeney, M. N. Bedenbaugh, D. T. Porter, A. Melvin, K. L. J. Ellacott, R. N. Lippert, S. Buller, J. Rosmaninho-Salgado, G. K. C. Dowsett, K. E. Ridley, Z. Xu, I. Cimino, D. Rimmington, K. Rainbow, K. Duckett, S. Holmqvist, A. Khan, X. Dai, E. G. Bochukova, R. C. Trembath, H. C. Martin, A. P. Coll, D. H. Rowitch, N. J. Wareham, D. A. van Heel, N. Timpson, R. B. Simerly, K. K. Ong, R. D. Cone, C. Langenberg, J. R. B. Perry, G. S. Yeo, S. O'Rahilly
Summary: MC3R regulates the timing of sexual maturation, linear growth rate, and accrual of lean mass, while MC4R controls appetite, food intake, and energy expenditure. Loss of MC3R leads to delayed puberty, reduced linear growth, and decreased lean mass, while loss of MC4R results in delayed sexual maturation and insensitivity of reproductive cycle length to nutritional perturbation.
Editorial Material
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Giles S. H. Yeo
Summary: The UK government's new obesity strategy mandates larger restaurants and cafes in the country to include calorie labelling on their menus starting from April 2022. It aims to reduce caloric intake and tackle obesity.
NATURE REVIEWS ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Anthony C. F. Perry, Maki Asami, Brian Y. H. Lam, Giles S. H. Yeo
Summary: Gamete genomes are silent until embryonic genome activation (EGA) after fertilization. Recent findings suggest that EGA is triggered in one-cell embryos by fertilization. Post-translational modifications during fertilization may activate transcriptionally favorable chromatin and oocyte-derived transcription factors to initiate EGA. Cancer-associated pathways and genes upregulated by cancer-associated transcription factors suggest a mechanistic link between EGA and the trajectory to cancer.
TRENDS IN CELL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Maki Asami, Brian Y. H. Lam, Martin Hoffmann, Toru Suzuki, Xin Lu, Naoko Yoshida, Marcella K. Ma, Kara Rainbow, Miodrag Guz, Matthew D. VerMilyea, Giles S. H. Yeo, Christoph A. Klein, Anthony C. F. Perry
Summary: Using high-resolution single-cell RNA sequencing, we investigated the transcriptional process during early embryonic development. Our findings suggest that embryonic gene expression initiates within 4 hours of fertilization, primarily from the maternal genome, and is downregulated at the two-cell stage. These insights shed light on the intracellular mechanisms regulating mammalian development and have implications for cancer research.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Stefan Wagner, Daniel I. Brierley, Alasdair Leeson-Payne, Wanqing Jiang, Raffaella Chianese, Brian Y. H. Lam, Georgina K. C. Dowsett, Claudia Cristiano, David Lyons, Frank Reimann, Fiona M. Gribble, Pablo B. Martinez de Morentin, Giles S. H. Yeo, Stefan Trapp, Lora K. Heisler
Summary: This study found that the obesity medication lorcaserin suppresses appetite by activating brainstem PPGNTS neurons, which is a necessary mechanism for its therapeutic benefit. Combination of lorcaserin with GLP-1R agonists liraglutide or exendin-4 produces greater reduction in food intake compared to monotherapy with either drug.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Carmelo Quarta, Marc Claret, Lori M. Zeltser, Kevin W. Williams, Giles S. H. Yeo, Matthias H. Tschoep, Sabrina Diano, Jens C. Bruening, Daniela Cota
Summary: The study discusses the impact of different subpopulations of POMC neurons on appetite, whole-body metabolic physiology, and the development of obesity, proposing a conceptual framework that integrates POMC neuronal heterogeneity with appetite regulation, whole-body metabolic physiology, and obesity development. It highlights the emerging evidence of how POMC neurons respond to distinct combinations of interoceptive signals and food-related cues, indicating their developmental plasticity.
Article
Cell Biology
Karina A. Pena, Sofya Savransky, Breanna Lewis
Summary: Compartmentalization of GPCR signaling is an emerging topic that emphasizes the importance of spatial bias in signaling for physiological relevance. PTH1R was the first GPCR discovered to signal via cAMP from endosomes, challenging the conventional model of GPCR signaling. The location of cAMP generation determines the physiological outcomes of GPCR signaling.
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Cell Biology
Cheng-Xu Ma, Xiao-Ni Ma, Jin-Jin Liu, Cong-Hui Guan, Ying-Dong Li, Nan Zhao, Didac Mauricio, Song-Bo Fu
Summary: The downregulation of primary cilia (PCs) due to BRAFV600E mutation contributes to the aggressiveness and lymph node metastasis of Papillary Thyroid Cancer (PTC).
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Cell Biology
Kejun Wu, Cuihua Huang, Wenrong Zheng, Yubin Wu, Qintao Huang, Menghua Lin, Ruonan Gao, Liqin Qi, Guanlian He, Xiaoying Liu, Xiaohong Liu, Linxi Wang, Zhou Chen, Libin Liu
Summary: Recurrent non-severe hypoglycemia in patients with diabetes is associated with cognitive impairment. This study found that this condition is associated with reduced mitophagy in the hippocampus, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction and neurological impairment.
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Cell Biology
Yifei Lv, Yizhou Huang, Huiyu Fan, Yunxiu Zhao, Linjuan Ma, Yibing Lan, Chunming Li, Peiqiong Chen, Zheng Lou, Jianhong Zhou
Summary: Before menopause, females have a lower incidence of cardiovascular disease than age-matched males, possibly due to the protective effects of sex hormones. 17 beta-E2 inhibits THBS1 expression, preventing cell senescence and apoptosis, and counteracts oxidative stress by suppressing the TGF-beta/Smad signaling pathway.
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Cell Biology
Ana C. L. Camargo, Flavia B. Constantino, Sergio A. A. Santos, Ketlin T. Colombelli, Luiz M. F. Portela, Matheus N. Fioretto, Luisa A. Barata, Guilherme T. Valente, Carlos S. Moreno, Luis A. Justulin
Summary: This study examined the effects of maternal malnutrition on the transcriptomic landscape of the ventral prostate in rats. It found that changes in molecular pathways related to cellular development and tissue morphogenesis were associated with maternal malnutrition. The Abcg1 gene was found to be deregulated in both malnourished rats and prostate cancer models and patients.
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Cell Biology
Sandra Romero-Cordoba, Mayel Chirinos, Nancy Noyola-Martinez, Nayeli Torres-Ramirez, Mitzi Garcia-Olivares, Juan Pablo Aragon-Hernandez, Ixchel Ramirez-Camacho, Rosa Zuniga, Fernando Larrea, Ali Halhali, David Barrera
Summary: This study analyzed the effects of calcitriol, TGF-131, and their combination on human trophoblast cells. The results showed that the combination treatment modified the transcriptional landscape and mainly affected the storage, activity, and metabolism of lipids, which may have an impact on placental development.
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Cell Biology
Traver J. Wright, Richard B. Pyles, Melinda Sheffield-Moore, Rachel R. Deer, Kathleen M. Randolph, Kristen A. Mcgovern, Christopher P. Danesi, Charles R. Gilkison, Weston W. Ward, Jayson A. Vargas, Peyton A. Armstrong, Sarah E. Lindsay, Mohammed F. Zaidan, Justin Seashore, Tamara L. Wexler, Brent E. Masel, Randall J. Urban
Summary: This study investigates the persistent neurologic symptoms in COVID-19 patients after recovery and explores the association between these symptoms and disrupted growth hormone secretion and gastrointestinal discomfort.
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Cell Biology
Li-Li Chen, Ya-Qin Li, Zhi-Hui Kang, Xuan Zhang, Su-Yan Gu, Na Wang, Xue-Yan Shen
Summary: Defects in trophoblastic EMT caused by dysregulation of circTNRC18's interaction with LIN28A play a vital role in the development of preeclampsia. LIN28A overexpression suppresses circTNRC18-mediated inhibition of trophoblast migration, invasion, and EMT, while LIN28A knockdown promotes them. Furthermore, circTNRC18 regulates the intracellular distribution of LIN28A and the expression of insulin-like growth factor II, affecting cell migration and invasion. Targeting the circTNRC18-LIN28A regulatory axis may provide a novel treatment approach for preeclampsia.
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2024)