Article
Cell Biology
Veneta Gerganova, Payal Bhatia, Vincent Vincenzetti, Sophie G. Martin
Summary: The phosphatase 2C Ptc1 is identified as a negative regulator of the kinase Pom1 in fission yeast cells, playing both direct and indirect roles in the cell size control pathway by influencing microtubule stability.
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Alma Reyna Escalona-Montano, Mariana Zuniga-Fabian, Nallely Cabrera, Ricardo Mondragon-Flores, Jenny Nancy Gomez-Sandoval, Araceli Rojas-Bernabe, Augusto Gonzalez-Canto, Laila Gutierrez-Kobeh, Ruy Perez-Montfort, Ingeborg Becker, Maria Magdalena Aguirre-Garcia
Summary: In this study, the researchers cloned and characterized the structure and function of PP2C in Leishmania, finding that LmxPP2C exhibited protein dephosphorylation activity under specific conditions. Immunodetection showed its localization in the flagellar structures of the protozoan, suggesting a potentially important role in specific cellular processes.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Yuri Ohkubo, Keiko Kuwata, Yoshikatsu Matsubayashi
Summary: CEPH, a type 2C protein phosphatase, is identified as a crucial enzyme in the N-starvation-dependent activation of NRT2.1, directly dephosphorylating Ser501 to activate high-affinity nitrate uptake in Arabidopsis. CEPH is mainly expressed in epidermal and cortex cells in roots, upregulated by N starvation via a long-distance signaling from shoots mediated by CEPDL2/CEPD1/2. Loss of CEPH leads to decreased nitrate uptake, tissue nitrate content, and plant biomass.
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Jiaen Sun, Minglei Yang, Weidi Zhao, Fajiu Wang, Liangwei Yang, Chuntao Tan, Tianjun Hu, Huangkai Zhu, Guofang Zhao
Summary: Protein phosphorylation/dephosphorylation is an important regulatory mechanism for controlling cellular processes, and alterations in phosphorylation networks have major implications in diseases, including cancer. TOR signaling pathway and TIPRL play crucial roles in the cell cycle and their dysregulation may contribute to tumorigenesis. This review aims to provide comprehensive insights into the role of TIPRL in cancer development, as well as the TIPRL/PP2A axis and its epigenetic regulation.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kenrick A. Waite, Alicia Burris, Gabrielle Vontz, Angelica Lang, Jeroen Roelofs
Summary: The degradation of proteasome complexes is specifically regulated under different autophagy-inducing conditions. The signals and molecular mechanisms that govern this regulation are only partially understood.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Wilfred M. Anjago, Jules Biregeya, Mingyue Shi, Yixiao Chen, Yupeng Wang, Zonghua Wang, Yonghe Hong, Meilian Chen
Summary: This study found that MoPtc1 and MoPtc2 in the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae are induced by calcium chloride and play a role in regulating MAPK signaling pathways. MoPtc1 is recruited by the adaptor protein MoNbp2 to deactivate Osm1 under hypoosmotic conditions. Additionally, MoPtc1 and MoPtc2 are localized in different cellular compartments during fungal development.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kazuo Tatebayashi, Haruo Saito
Summary: To adapt to increased osmolarity, the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae activates the Hog1 MAPK through the HOG pathway, which governs osmostress response. The SLN1 and SHO1 branches of the pathway activate the MAP3Ks Ssk2/22 and Ste11, respectively, which activate Pbs2 MAP2K to phosphorylate and activate Hog1. Protein phosphatases, including Ptp2, Ptp3, Ptc1, and Ptc2, negatively regulate the pathway. Dephosphorylation of Pbs2 at specific sites, particularly T518 by Ptc1, is crucial for modulating the adaptive response to osmostress. Nbp2 is required for Ptc1-mediated Pbs2 dephosphorylation. Rating: 8/10
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Akos Farkas, Henning Urlaub, Katherine E. Bohnsack, Blanche Schwappach
Summary: The study reveals the important role of the guided entry of tail-anchored proteins (GET) pathway in lipotoxicity and uncovers the hairpin membrane protein Erg1 as a non-canonical GET pathway client. The GET pathway is particularly important for the acute upregulation of Erg1 under low sterol conditions, and several other proteins anchored to the endoplasmic reticulum via a hairpin are also identified as potential GET clients.
JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Fisheries
Xiangyang Yuan, Canli Wang, Wenbin Liu, Guangzhen Jiang, Yongjun Dai
Summary: The study found that 10g/kg and 30g/kg of YH increased the crude protein content in fish muscle and upregulated the expression levels of TOR pathway genes in muscle and hepatocytes.
AQUACULTURE NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yun Chen, Jing-Bo Zhang, Ning Wei, Zhi-Hao Liu, Yang Li, Yong Zheng, Xue-Bao Li
Summary: GhDRP1 acts as a negative regulator in response to drought stress by modulating ABA signaling pathway and flavonoid biosynthesis pathway, affecting stomata movement, water loss, ROS scavenging enzymes, and proline accumulation in cotton. GhDRP1 overexpression transgenic cotton and Arabidopsis exhibited reduced drought tolerance, while GhDRP1-silenced cotton showed enhanced drought tolerance.
PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Paraskevi Kritsiligkou, Karol Nowicki-Osuch, Zorana Carter, Chris J. Kershaw, Declan R. Creamer, Alan J. Weids, Chris M. Grant
Summary: The research discovers a direct protein interaction between Tsa1 and the PKA pathway in response to protein misfolding stress, leading to a targeted reprogramming of gene expression through oxidation-mediated regulation of PKA activity.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Irem Uluisik Yilmaz, Ahmet Koc
Summary: Although boron is essential for many organisms, excessive amounts can cause toxicity. The mechanism behind this toxicity is not fully understood yet. The Gcn4 transcription factor plays a crucial role in the boron stress response. Various transcription factors and cell signaling pathways regulate the Gcn4 transcription factor, but it is unknown how boron signaling is mediated to Gcn4. Our study using yeast as a model reveals that the GCN system is activated by uncharged tRNA stress in response to boron treatment. The TOR pathway is necessary for a proper response against boric acid stress.
JOURNAL OF TRACE ELEMENTS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Maribel Marquina, Eva Lambea, Merce Carmona, Marta Sanchez-Marinas, Sandra Lopez-Aviles, Jose Ayte, Elena Hidalgo, Rosa Aligue
Summary: The MAPKAP kinase Srk1 plays a crucial role in a negative feedback loop regulating the Sty1 pathway by phosphorylating and inhibiting the Wis1 MAPKK. This additional regulatory mechanism allows fine-tuning of MAPK signaling for an appropriate stress response.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kevin Alicea-Torres, Emilio Sanseviero, Jun Gui, Jinyun Chen, Filippo Veglia, Qiujin Yu, Laxminarasimha Donthireddy, Andrew Kossenkov, Cindy Lin, Shuyu Fu, Charles Mulligan, Brian Nam, Gregory Masters, Fred Denstman, Joseph Bennett, Neil Hockstein, Agnieszka Rynda-Apple, Yulia Nefedova, Serge Y. Fuchs, Dmitry Gabrilovich
Summary: Type I interferon receptor signaling serves as a universal mechanism restricting MDSC suppressive activity, with downregulation of IFNAR1 required for activation of immune suppressive properties in MDSC. Modulating IFNAR1 undermines MDSC suppressive activity and has potent anti-tumor effects.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Guangyao Shao
Summary: In this study, CaMK2G and PPP1CA, genes associated with the CaMKII pathway and type 2 diabetes and acute cardiovascular events, were identified as target genes of Empagliflozin through integrated gene analysis and validated in relevant datasets. Molecular docking analysis revealed that Empagliflozin acts on specific amino acid residues of CaMK2G and PPP1CA through the CaMKII pathway, thereby influencing type 2 diabetes and acute cardiovascular events.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Antonio Casamayor, Diego Velazquez, Carlos Santolaria, Marcel Albacar, Morten I. Rasmussen, Peter Hojrup, Joaquin Arino
Summary: Type 1 Ser/Thr protein phosphatases, represented by PP1 and PPZ, have distinct functions and regulations in fungi. PP1c enzymes are more conserved than PPZs. Specific residues in the catalytic domains of PP1 and PPZ have been identified, some of which likely affect the protein's surface charges. Hal3 is a specific inhibitor of PPZ phosphatases in many fungi, but the basis for their interaction is still unclear. The D566 and D615 residues in ScPpz1 may play a crucial role in the regulation of both enzymes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Orthopedics
A. Ruiz, A. Duarte, D. Bravo, E. Ramos Gavila, C. Zhang, M. K. Cowman, T. Kirsch, M. Milne, L. G. Luyt, J. G. Raya
Summary: This study developed and validated imaging probes based on a hyaluronan-binding peptide for imaging inflammatory signaling in PTOA. The results demonstrated the potential of these probes to effectively visualize inflammatory response in vivo and correlate with histologic severity in cartilage and meniscus.
OSTEOARTHRITIS AND CARTILAGE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marcel Albacar, Diego Velazquez, Antonio Casamayor, Joaquin Arino
Summary: Overexpression of protein phosphatase Ppz1 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae strongly inhibits cell growth. However, overexpression of its subunit Hal3 can completely counteract the toxic effects caused by excess Ppz1. Hal3 not only inhibits the enzymatic activity of Ppz1, but also recruits the phosphatase to internal structures.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Antonio Casamayor, Joaquin Arino
Summary: Overexpression of yeast Ser/Thr protein phosphatase Ppz1 leads to a halt in cell proliferation due to changes in gene expression, altered phosphorylation state of proteins, and diverse cellular processes. However, overexpression of the Ppz1 regulatory subunit Hal3 can fully counteract the toxic effects.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Carlos Santolaria, Diego Velazquez, Marcel Albacar, Antonio Casamayor, Joaquin Arino
Summary: The function of the Ppz1 phosphatase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is controlled by its inhibitory subunit Hal3. Hal3 is a moonlighting protein involved in the CoA biosynthetic pathway. Deletion or specific mutations in a region of Hal3's N-terminal extension compromise its function as a Ppz1 inhibitor without affecting its ability to interact with the phosphatase. The presence of a specific sequence explains the unexpected ability of Cab3 to regulate Ppz1 function in Candida albicans. This study contributes to our understanding of Ppz phosphatase regulation and its importance in pathogenic fungi.
Review
Microbiology
Antonio Casamayor, Joaquin Arino
Summary: Hal3 is a yeast protein with dual functions as a regulatory subunit and an enzyme catalyst. The structure and functions of Hal3 vary in different fungi, and recent findings may provide insights into predicting its moonlighting properties.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Irene Bravo-Alonso, Matias Morin, Laura Arribas-Carreira, Mar Alvarez, Consuelo Pedron-Giner, Lucia Soletto, Carlos Santolaria, Santiago Ramon-Maiques, Magdalena Ugarte, Pilar Rodriguez-Pombo, Joaquin Arino, Miguel Angel Moreno-Pelayo, Belen Perez
Summary: Coenzyme A (CoA) is an essential cofactor synthesized from vitamin B5 and involved in various metabolic pathways. This study identified biallelic variants of PPCDC gene in two sisters, leading to a severe inborn error of metabolism with a fatal cardiac phenotype. The variants significantly affected the function of PPCDC enzyme and resulted in reduced CoA levels and energy deficiency in patient-derived cells. The findings highlight the importance of PPCDC in CoA biosynthesis and its role in cardiac function.
JOURNAL OF INHERITED METABOLIC DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Abdelghani Zekhnini, Marcel Albacar, Antonio Casamayor, Joaquin Arino
Summary: The Saccharomyces cerevisiae ENA1 gene, encoding a Na+-ATPase, is transcriptionally regulated by multiple signaling pathways in response to alkalinization and changes in amino acid composition. The Stp1/2 transcription factors of the SPS pathway play a role in ENA1 promoter activity. Deletion of STP1 or STP2 decreases the ENA1 promoter response to alkalinization and changes in amino acid composition. The SPS pathway may participate in the regulation of a subset of alkali-inducible genes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Marcel Albacar, Abdelghani Zekhnini, Jorge Perez-Valle, Jose L. Martinez, Antonio Casamayor, Joaquin Arino
Summary: In this study, the transcriptional impact of moderate alkalinization on Komagataella phaffii yeast was explored, searching for suitable novel promoters for transcription response to the pH signal. Results showed significant changes in mRNA levels of over 700 genes when cultures shifted from pH 5.5 to 8.0 or 8.2. Alkalinization provoked oxidative stress and induced the expression of Na+/Pi cotransporter PHO89 through a calcium-mediated signal.
MICROBIAL CELL FACTORIES
(2023)