Article
Clinical Neurology
Niccolo Zovetti, Maria Gloria Rossetti, Cinzia Perlini, Paolo Brambilla, Marcella Bellani
Summary: This study found neuroimaging evidence suggesting a link between bipolar disorder (BD) and neurodegenerative processes. It showed a progressive reduction in gray matter volume throughout the whole brain, as well as changes in deep brain structures and prefrontal regions. BD patients also exhibited larger gaps between predicted and chronological brain age compared to normal aging. Further systematic reviews and meta-analyses are needed to quantify the impact of brain aging-related effects in BD.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Daichi Sone, Iman Beheshti
Summary: Estimating brain age through brain scans and machine learning models has opened up new avenues in neurology by providing a validated technique for addressing clinical questions. This review summarizes the various clinical applications of brain age estimation in neuropsychiatry and general populations, highlighting its potential for enhancing targeted therapies.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Kuntal Sen, Matthew Whitehead, Carlos Castillo Pinto, Ljubica Caldovic, Andrea Gropman
Summary: UCD is a genetic disorder caused by deficiency in essential enzymes or carriers, leading to neurological damage ranging from mild to severe encephalopathy, primarily due to hyperammonemia and elevation of other neurotoxic intermediates. Noninvasive measures like EEG and MRI can assist in guiding management, providing prognostic information, and studying the pathophysiology of UCD-related brain injury. Utilizing EEG and multimodal brain MRI, UCDC focuses on understanding the immediate and downstream effects of hyperammonemia on brain function, establishing early patterns of brain injury, and tracking recovery and prognosis.
ANALYTICAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Jet M. J. Vonk, Rashid Ghaznawi, Maarten H. T. Zwartbol, Yaakov Stern, Mirjam I. Geerlings
Summary: This study investigated the associations of cognitive and brain reserve with memory decline in mid-life and late-life. The results showed that higher cognitive and brain reserve can protect against memory decline, particularly in late-life.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Thaysa Mara Gazzotto Neves, Estefania Simoes, Maria Concepcion Garcia Otaduy, Elie Leal de Barros Calfat, Pamela Bertolazzi, Naomi Antunes da Costa, Fabio Luis de Souza Duran, Joanna Correia-Lima, Maria da Graca Morais Martin, Marilia Cerqueira Leite Seelander, Victor Henrique Oyamada Otani, Thais Zelia dos Santos Otani, Daniel Augusto Correa Vasques, Geraldo Busatto Filho, Cristiane Kochi, Ricardo Riyoiti Uchida
Summary: High BMI z-scores are associated with lower hypothalamic NAA/Cr ratios. The negative correlations found between the NAA/Cr ratio and serum cytokines, hormones, and neuropeptides suggest a broad cross-talk linking hormonal imbalances, neurohumoral alterations, and hypothalamic functions in adolescents with obesity.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Qinghe Li, Fanghui Dong, Qun Gai, Kaili Che, Heng Ma, Feng Zhao, Tongpeng Chu, Ning Mao, Peiyuan Wang
Summary: Machine-learning models combined with multisequence MRI neuroimaging features significantly improve the diagnosis of major depressive disorder and accurately predict suicide risk in patients with MDD.
JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Nourah M. M. Alruwais, Jenifer M. M. Rusted, Naji Tabet, Nicholas G. G. Dowell
Summary: This study investigated potential subtle differences in blood-brain barrier permeability in carriers of the APOE epsilon-4 genotype compared to carriers of the APOE epsilon-3 genotype. Although the differences were not statistically significant, they suggest early changes in BBB permeability in APOE epsilon-4 carriers, which may help identify at-risk populations and facilitate early interventions to change the trajectory of neurodegenerative decline.
BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Sara A. Heyn, Sophie Bailowitz, Justin D. Russell, Ryan J. Herringa
Summary: Female youth are more likely to develop pPTSD after trauma exposure compared to males. However, little is known about the underlying biomarkers of these sex-based variations. This study found sex-based differences in clinical and brain structure characteristics of youth with PTSD.
DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Keisuke Irie, Amiri Matsumoto, Shuo Zhao, Toshihiro Kato, Nan Liang
Summary: This study examined the neuroscientific basis of using motor imagery (MI) as intervention for children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD). Results showed decreased activity in specific brain regions of children with DCD, suggesting that MI interventions may improve deactivated brain areas by stimulating the mirror neurons system (MNS) and activating the basal ganglia.
FRONTIERS IN HUMAN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Samir Rosas, Keegan A. Schoeller, Edward Chang, Hongyan Mei, Mikhail A. Kats, Kevin W. Eliceiri, Xinyu Zhao, Filiz Yesilkoy
Summary: Label-free and nondestructive mid-infrared vibrational hyperspectral imaging is an important tissue analysis tool that provides spatially resolved biochemical information. This study introduces an advanced mid-infrared spectrochemical tissue imaging modality using metasurfaces to capture quantitative molecular maps of large-area murine brain tissue sections. The results demonstrate that plasmonic metasurfaces enhance chemical contrast in infrared images and enable the detection of ultrathin tissue regions. This imaging method has the potential to have a broad impact on translational research and clinical histopathology.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2023)
Review
Neuroimaging
Melissa J. M. Walsh, Gregory L. Wallace, Stephen M. Gallegos, B. Blair Braden
Summary: Females with ASD exhibit brain differences that overlap with neurotypical cohorts, and show distinct neurodevelopmental patterns across age. While there is support for the female protective effect in ASD, most studies have not investigated the relevant brain circuits.
NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Alice Laniepce, Najlaa Lahbairi, Nicolas Cabe, Anne-Lise Pitel, Geraldine Rauchs
Summary: Cognitive and brain alterations in patients with alcohol use disorder are closely related to sleep disturbances, which may exacerbate issues and increase the risk of relapse.
SLEEP MEDICINE REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
P. N. Ho, T. D. W. Luke, J. E. Pryce
Summary: This study validated the accuracy and robustness of models for predicting serum concentrations of BHB, fatty acids, and urea using milk mid-infrared spectroscopy. The prediction equations could help farmers detect metabolic disorders in cows early in lactation and generate novel phenotypes for genetic improvement.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Simone R. Williams, Frances C. Robertson, Catherine J. Wedderburn, Jessica E. Ringshaw, Layla Bradford, Charmaine N. Nyakonda, Nadia Hoffman, Shantanu H. Joshi, Heather J. Zar, Dan J. Stein, Kirsten A. Donald
Summary: This study found that decreased levels of glutamate in the parietal gray matter and lower choline ratios in the parietal white matter were observed in children who are HIV-exposed uninfected (CHEU), suggesting regional alterations and myelin loss. Additionally, the study revealed associations between neurometabolite profiles and motor developmental outcomes in CHEU.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Shinsuke Koike, Eisuke Sakakibara, Yoshihiro Satomura, Hanako Sakurada, Mika Yamagishi, Jun Matsuoka, Naohiro Okada, Kiyoto Kasai
Summary: This study reveals a robust relationship between prefrontal function and behavioral outcomes across three major psychiatric disorders through a large-sample neuroimaging study.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2022)