Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jia Shi, Meng-Wen Huang, Zi-Dong Lu, Xiao-Jiao Du, Song Shen, Cong-Fei Xu, Jun Wang
Summary: Abnormal immune cell functions are linked to various diseases, and mRNA-based therapy offers a promising approach to regulate immune cell functions and combat these diseases. Effective mRNA delivery systems, such as lipid nanoparticles, are crucial for the success of mRNA therapy. The vaccines developed by Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna have demonstrated the potential of mRNA delivery using lipid nanoparticles, and this has paved the way for further development of mRNA therapy.
JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Camilla Edwards, Robert S. Oakes, Christopher M. Jewell
Summary: Microneedle arrays (MNAs) are patches with micron-scale needles that can penetrate skin, allowing efficient and painless access to immune cell-rich areas. By utilizing immune polyelectrolyte multilayers (iPEMs), nanostructures made from immune signals using electrostatic self-assembly, MNAs can deliver antigen and toll-like receptor agonists (TLRas) in defined ratios. This approach activates antigen presenting cells and antigen-specific T cells, leading to different T cell responses depending on the number of TLRa classes delivered with MNAs. These MNAs technologies provide a way to deliver nanostructured vaccine components at high density and investigate the integration of multiple TLRas in skin to modulate immunity.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Quan Liu, Yanhong Duo, Jianye Fu, Meng Qiu, Zhe Sun, Dickson Adah, Jianlong Kang, Zhongjian Xie, Taojian Fan, Shiyun Bao, Han Zhang, Li-Ping Liu, Yihai Cao
Summary: Therapeutic targeting of the immune system, including immunotherapy and nanotechnology, presents a promising approach for treating various cancers. While immunotherapeutics have limitations, nanotechnology offers unique opportunities to enhance therapeutic efficacy through precision targeting and controlled drug release. Combining these two modalities could provide synergistic efficacy in cancer treatment.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Chen-Fu Lo, Tai-Yu Chiu, Yu-Tzu Liu, Pei-Yun Pan, Kuan-Liang Liu, Chia-Yu Hsu, Ming-Yu Fang, Yu-Chen Huang, Teng-Kuang Yeh, Tsu-An Hsu, Chiung-Tong Chen, Li-Rung Huang, Lun Kelvin Tsou
Summary: This study presents a novel small molecule drug conjugate targeting immune checkpoints, which has shown significant efficacy in treating multiple types of cancer. The conjugate not only induces lasting regression of tumor growth, but also alters the tumor microenvironment and elevates specific gene expressions that were previously inaccessible with conventional treatments.
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Chen-Fu Lo, Tai-Yu Chiu, Yu-Tzu Liu, Pei-Yun Pan, Kuan-Liang Liu, Chia-Yu Hsu, Ming-Yu Fang, Yu-Chen Huang, Teng-Kuang Yeh, Tsu-An Hsu, Chiung-Tong Chen, Li-Rung Huang, Lun Kelvin Tsou
Summary: This study reports a small molecule-based immune checkpoint-targeting drug delivery system, which shows great potential for cancer treatment. The system not only inhibits tumor growth effectively, but also improves the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, leading to enhanced therapeutic efficacy.
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Arslan Habib, Yulai Liang, Naishuo Zhu
Summary: This article reviews recent developments in exosome-based HIV-1 vaccines and discusses their application in vaccine development as well as their potential as biomarkers. However, there are still administrative and technological challenges to fully harness the potential of exosome drug delivery systems.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Engineering, Biomedical
Biaggio Uricoli, Lacey A. Birnbaum, Priscilla Do, James M. Kelvin, Juhi Jain, Emma Costanza, Andrew Chyong, Christopher C. Porter, Sarwish Rafiq, Erik C. Dreaden
Summary: Cytokine signaling plays a crucial role in biological processes such as cell development, tissue repair, and immunity, and can also be utilized as immunotherapies. However, challenges such as poor circulation limit their therapeutic potential. Recent advancements in engineering cytokines have focused on strategies across different size scales to enhance their effectiveness in treating diseases like cancer and autoimmune disorders.
ADVANCED HEALTHCARE MATERIALS
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Coralie Backlund, Sasan Jalili-Firoozinezhad, Byungji Kim, Darrell J. Irvine
Summary: Modulation of the immune system is crucial in therapeutic strategies and vaccine development. Biomaterials are being developed to accurately deliver stimulatory cues to specific cells at the right time and place, ensuring safe and effective immunotherapy. This article discusses the uses of biomaterials in enhancing immune modulation and presents evidence from clinical and preclinical studies on how biomaterials can impact the development of new therapeutics. The focus is on understanding immunological mechanisms and in vivo immune system modulation, as well as overcoming challenges in translating these technologies to clinical practice.
ANNUAL REVIEW OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ben S. Ou, Olivia M. Saouaf, Julie Baillet, Eric A. Appel
Summary: The immune system plays a crucial role in regulating and protecting human health. Sustained release technologies have shown potential in enhancing adaptive immune responses by prolonging exposure to immunogenic signals.
ADVANCED DRUG DELIVERY REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Seung Mo Jin, Sang Nam Lee, Jung Eun Kim, Yeon Jeong Yoo, Chanyoung Song, Hong Sik Shin, Hathaichanok Phuengkham, Chang Hoon Lee, Soong Ho Um, Yong Taik Lim
Summary: A novel immune modulating suspension containing inducers of cell death and supra-adjuvants can effectively increase cytotoxic T lymphocytes and alleviate immune suppression in the tumor microenvironment, leading to enhanced T cell infiltration and inhibition of tumor metastasis. This approach shows promise in increasing the response rate of immune checkpoint blockade therapy, presenting a new nanotheranostic strategy in cancer immunotherapy.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Nicole B. Day, Rianne Dalhuisen, Nichole E. Loomis, Sarah G. Adzema, Jai Prakash, C. Wyatt Shields
Summary: This study describes a tissue-adhesive hydrogel system that can regulate the release of drugs independent of its bulk properties. The release mechanism is mediated by microparticles with defined crosslink densities. By encapsulating different drugs into the particles, multimodal drug release can be achieved. The system demonstrates capabilities of sustained polarization of immune cells and transdermal drug delivery, with implications in treating various skin disorders, managing infections, and delivering vaccines.
ACTA BIOMATERIALIA
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Zile Fu, Xiaoming Zhang, Yanfeng Gao, Jia Fan, Qiang Gao
Summary: This article discusses the crucial role of the immune system in cancer initiation, evolution, invasion, and metastasis. Therapeutics targeting the modulation or boosting of anticancer immune responses have advanced significantly, with the identification of both conventional and emerging drugs that can enhance anticancer immunity. Additionally, advancements in drug delivery systems allow for novel therapeutic strategies and new modes of action in tumor immunology.
CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Alessandro Allegra, Mario Di Gioacchino, Alessandro Tonacci, Claudia Petrarca, Sebastiano Gangemi
Summary: Conventional chemotherapy has limitations in treating hematological malignancies, while immunotherapy shows promising results despite facing challenges. Nanotechnology has the potential to overcome these challenges and enhance the effectiveness of cancer immunotherapy.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Lujie Liu, Yuanwei Pan, Chenchen Zhao, Peng Huang, Xiaoyuan Chen, Lang Rao
Summary: Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy has made significant advancements in cancer treatment, but limited response rates and systemic toxicity hinder its clinical outcomes. Biomaterials have been developed to enhance ICB therapy by increasing tumor antigenicity, reversing immunosuppressive microenvironment, amplifying antitumor immune response, and improving targeted delivery of checkpoint inhibitors. This review discusses current design strategies for biomaterials, their applications in immune modulation and targeted delivery of checkpoint inhibitors for effective ICB therapy, as well as the challenges and future prospects in this field. It is anticipated that this review will contribute to the development of emerging biomaterials for ICB therapy and the advancement of its clinical application.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Matthew D. Kerr, David A. McBride, Arun K. Chumber, Nisarg J. Shah
Summary: A deeper understanding of the immunostimulatory properties of cytoreductive therapies has supported their utility in combination therapies involving cancer vaccines to induce a durable anti-tumor immune response. Combination therapies may have synergies depending on the identity of the cytotoxic agent, vaccine target, dosing schedule, and cancer type, suggesting that combining cancer vaccines with immunomodulatory cytoreductive therapy is a promising strategy for cancer therapy.
EXPERT OPINION ON DRUG DISCOVERY
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Fei Yu, Cong Chen, Shuna Chen, Kaixi Wang, Haitao Huang, Yuanyuan Wu, Puming He, Youying Tu, Bo Li
Summary: During the processing of black tea, the content of organic acids shows different trends in withering and rolling stages, which are regulated by various enzymes. This study provides insights into the dynamic changes and regulatory mechanisms of organic acids in black tea production.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kaixi Wang, Jiafan Wu, Shuna Chen, Hangye Zhao, Puming He, Youying Tu, Bo Li
Summary: Theaflavins (TFs), characteristic components of black tea, have potential anti-diabetic activity by improving pancreatic function, intestinal tight junctions, and mitochondrial biogenesis.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Hyunuk Kang, Hui Zhou, Yushan Ye, Jiangfan Yang, Zhonghua Liu, Puming He, Bo Li, Yuanyuan Wu, Yaomin Wang, Youying Tu
Summary: Tieguanyin tea extracts have positive effects on the cognitive ability and neuroprotection of APP/PS1 mice by alleviating inflammation and improving antioxidant capacity.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cong Chen, Huanqing Zhu, Jiaxin Kang, Hasitha Kalhari Warusawitharana, Shuna Chen, Kaixi Wang, Fei Yu, Yuanyuan Wu, Puming He, Youying Tu, Bo Li
Summary: This study provides a comprehensive understanding of saponin biosynthesis and accumulation in tea plants, identifying key enzymes and transcription factors involved in saponin biosynthesis through analysis of tea flower and seed samples. The mevalonate pathway, along with HMGS, MVD, IDI enzymes, were found to be responsible for saponin accumulation, highlighting the potential regulatory role of ten transcription factors in tea plant saponin biosynthesis.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Youying Tu, Hyunuk Kang, Eunhye Kim, Jiangfan Yang, Puming He, Yuanyuan Wu, Bo Li, Xiaobo Liu, Junsheng Liu
Summary: The study found that Tieguanyin tea extracts could alter fecal metabolites in AD mice, with Tgy-C being the most effective. Metabolomics analysis showed Tgy-C's reduction effect on fecal metabolites in AD mice, which may involve pathways like protein digestion and absorption, and amino acid biosynthesis.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ang Li, Bo Li, Bin Lu, Dong Yang, Suxia Hou, Xiaolong Song
Summary: The generation estimation of retired mobile phones in China is calculated based on sales data and subscriber numbers. The study also analyzes the mass and material characteristics of retired mobile phones, and proposes policy implications for improving the sustainable management system.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Cong Chen, Fei Yu, Xinli Wen, Shuna Chen, Kaixi Wang, Feiquan Wang, Jianming Zhang, Yuanyuan Wu, Puming He, Youying Tu, Bo Li
Summary: This study reveals the formation and mechanisms of (E)-2-hexenal during tea processing, and identifies the role of CsHI in this process. Additionally, it shows that abiotic stresses can regulate the proportions of (Z)-3-hexenal and (E)-2-hexenal in torn tea leaves by modulating CsHI expression levels. The findings of this study are important for the development of tea flavor and plant defense against abiotic stresses.
Editorial Material
Ecology
Ming Nie, Wenwen Liu, Steven C. Pennings, Bo Li
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Huanqing Zhu, Kaixi Wang, Shuna Chen, Jiaxin Kang, Na Guo, Hongbo Chen, Junsheng Liu, Yuanyuan Wu, Puming He, Youying Tu, Bo Li
Summary: Tea seed saponins can stimulate GIP expression via SGLT1 and TGR5, and have potential effects on improving metabolism and related diseases.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shuna Chen, Jiaxin Kang, Huanqing Zhu, Kaixi Wang, Ziyi Han, Leyu Wang, Junsheng Liu, Yuanyuan Wu, Puming He, Youying Tu, Bo Li
Summary: L-theanine is the main amino acid in tea leaves and has both flavor and health benefits. Its immunomodulatory effects, particularly on reducing immunosuppression and improving immunity, have been studied in clinical and epidemiological research. Numerous studies on cells and animals have also shown that theanine plays a role in regulating inflammation, nerve damage, the intestinal tract, and tumors by regulating certain cellular functions.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hongbo Chen, Fei Yu, Jiaxin Kang, Qiao Li, Hasitha Kalhari Warusawitharana, Bo Li
Summary: The composition and contents of organic acids vary in different types of tea. They play important roles in the metabolism of tea plants, nutrient absorption and growth regulation, as well as the aroma and taste quality of tea. However, the research on organic acids in tea is still limited. This article reviewed the progress made in studying organic acids in tea, including analysis methods, physiological functions, composition and influencing factors, sensory contributions, as well as health benefits like antioxidation and digestion promotion. It aims to provide references for further research on organic acids in tea.
Article
Plant Sciences
Yuanfei Pan, Mu Liu, Alejandro Sosa, Bo Li, Mang Shi, Xiaoyun Pan
Summary: This study investigates the metacommunities of endophytic fungi in the leaves of an invasive plant and finds that the structure of these fungal communities is influenced by multiple spatial scales and different drivers. These findings are important for understanding the global patterns of fungal diversity.
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Xian Song, Bo Li, Pengyu Wang, Yizhao Zhou, Jian Wang, Yaqun Wang, Chengbing Fang, Meiyuan Jin
Summary: This article fabricated a flexible piezoelectric sensor to gather data for the pulse-taking procedure and used it to recognize whether a woman is pregnant. The pulse signal was processed by GoogleNet and achieved a 90.48% correction rate, which solidified the objectivity of pulse diagnosis and raised the digitalization level of TCM.
ENGINEERING REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Remote Sensing
Xi Zhang, Xiangming Xiao, Xinxin Wang, Xiao Xu, Shiyun Qiu, Lianghao Pan, Jun Ma, Ruiting Ju, Jihua Wu, Bo Li
Summary: Biological invasions, especially by Spartina alterniflora, are significantly impacting the structure and functions of coastal ecosystems in China. Urgent efforts to control the spread of this invasive species are hindered by the lack of time-series data. By using satellite images, this study successfully generated annual maps of Spartina saltmarshes from 1985 to 2020, revealing a continuous expansion of Spartina along the coast. The invasion history and frequency of changes were found to be influenced by latitude, with low latitudes experiencing longer and more frequent invasions. Human interventions have contributed to the decline in certain areas, but natural spread remains the primary driver of its extensive invasion.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATION AND GEOINFORMATION
(2023)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
W. Liu, Z. Zhang, J. Wu, T. Ma, Y. Zhang, Y. M. Hu, Y. Q. Zhang, Y. Y. Huang, H. X. Jiang, X. K. Jiang, D. Y. Chen
Summary: This article focuses on the pre-launch characterization of the HXI spectrometer, including detection efficiency, energy resolution, and energy to ADC channel relationship. The characterization results show that the HXI spectrometer meets the performance requirements and is capable of performing on-orbit observation activities.
JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION
(2022)
