Article
Clinical Neurology
Andrei Ionut Cucu, Claudia Florida Costea, Antonio Perciaccante, Simon T. Donell, Raffaella Bianucci
Summary: This article reviews the historical development of anatomy, physiology, and surgical treatment of the pituitary gland, from ancient times to modern surgical techniques. It explores the research on its functions and the advancements in surgical methods.
WORLD NEUROSURGERY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Anello Marcello Poma, Agnese Proietti, Elisabetta Macerola, Diana Bonuccelli, Marco Conti, Alessandra Salvetti, Vincenza Dolo, Andrea Chilla, Alessio Basolo, Ferruccio Santini, Antonio Toniolo, Fulvio Basolo
Summary: This study found that the pituitary glands of lethal cases of COVID-19 had the SARS-CoV-2 genome and antigens, confirming viral infection in the pituitary gland. Activation of type I interferon signaling and increased levels of neutrophil and cytotoxic cell scores were observed in virus-positive glands, while mRNA transcripts of pituitary hormones and pituitary developmental/regulatory genes were suppressed in all COVID-19 cases.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Jeremie Joffre, Lauren Rodriguez, Zachary A. Matthay, Elliot Lloyd, Alexander T. Fields, Roland J. Bainton, Philip Kurien, Anita Sil, Carolyn S. Calfee, Prescott G. Woodruff, David J. Erle, Carolyn Hendrickson, Matthew F. Krummel, Charles R. Langelier, Michael A. Matthay, Lucy Z. Kornblith, Judith Hellman
Summary: This study found that COVID-19 infection can lead to endothelial dysfunction and increased permeability. Additionally, factors in the patients' serum can also cause abnormalities in endothelial cell function. These findings suggest that both systemic factors acting on lung endothelial cells and viral infection of endothelial cells play a role in COVID-19-associated endotheliopathy.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Erica Rocco, Maria Chiara Grimaldi, Alessandro Maino, Luigi Cappannoli, Daniela Pedicino, Giovanna Liuzzo, Luigi Marzio Biasucci
Summary: Coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) is often underdiagnosed and its clinical importance underestimated, with invasive and expensive techniques currently used for measurement. Research on potential biomarkers linked to microvascular dysfunction could improve diagnosis, risk stratification, disease progression, and therapy response.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Stavros P. Papadakos, Christos Tsagkaris, Marios Papadakis, Andreas S. Papazoglou, Dimitrios Moysidis, Constantinos G. Zografos, Stamatios Theocharis
Summary: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are rare neoplasms that primarily affect elderly individuals, with the stomach being the most commonly affected site. A thorough understanding of the pathophysiology of GIST is crucial in addressing the challenges associated with the disease.
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROINTESTINAL ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Congxin Dai, Jun Kang, Xiaohai Liu, Yong Yao, Haijun Wang, Renzhi Wang
Summary: Pituitary tumors are complex and heterogeneous with a wide range of characteristics, and most are incidentally discovered and do not require treatment. The recent classification strategies rely on immunohistochemistry, but there are still controversies.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Psychiatry
Manessa Riser, Seth Davin Norrholm
Summary: PACAP, a neuropeptide, regulates cellular stress responses and is highly expressed in both the central nervous system and peripheral tissues. It plays a critical role in adaptive behavioral and neurobiological responses to environmental stressors.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Surgery
Lauren Wallace, Mathew Muir, Linda Romano, Tracey Wyllie, Dennis Gyomber, Russell Hodgson
Summary: The study found that a large proportion of theatre time was spent on non-operative tasks, making staff activities potential targets for operating theatre improvement interventions. The study also identified motivation and team familiarity as the major factors behind efficiently run operating theatres, supporting the use of regular operating teams and maintenance of a highly motivated workforce.
ANZ JOURNAL OF SURGERY
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Laszlo Kiraly, Sanjairaj Vijayavenkataraman
Summary: Despite significant advancements in biofabrication, challenges remain in the clinical application of biomaterials, requiring solutions to technological, practical, ethical, and legal issues, as well as the gap between research labs and patients. The field of congenital cardiac surgery needs viable biomaterials with growth potential to avoid reoperations, highlighting the importance of translational research and collaboration in closing this gap.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Claudia Pivonello, Roberta Patalano, Mariarosaria Negri, Rosa Pirchio, Annamaria Colao, Rosario Pivonello, Renata Simona Auriemma
Summary: Pituitary neuroendocrine tumors are a common type of intracranial tumor. Treatment with dopamine agonists can be effective, but resistance may occur in some patients.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Giuseppe Poli, Valerio Leoni, Fiorella Biasi, Federico Canzoneri, Davide Risso, Roberto Menta
Summary: There is increasing attention on the translational application of biochemical and biological findings, including cholesterol oxidation products. Non-enzymatic oxysterols are being used as molecular markers in clinical biochemistry for the diagnosis and monitoring of various human and veterinary diseases. Enzymatic oxysterols show promise as pharmaceutical agents. Recently, non-enzymatic oxysterols are being quantified to evaluate and improve the quality and shelf life of cholesterol-based food ingredients.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Filippo Confalonieri, Natasha Josifovska, Gerard Boix-Lemonche, Ingar Stene-Johansen, Ragnheidur Bragadottir, Xhevat Lumi, Goran Petrovski
Summary: Vitreous substitutes are essential tools in vitreoretinal surgery, serving the crucial functions of displacing fluid and ensuring retina adhesion. Surgeons now have a wide range of substitutes to choose from, making it challenging to determine the ideal tamponade for optimal outcomes. This article provides an overview of the physical and chemical properties of vitreous substitutes, their clinical applications, and surgical techniques. The future developments in vitreous substitutes are extensively discussed, with a focus on desired outcomes and biomaterials technology.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Ludi Yang, Xiang Gu, Jie Yu, Shengfang Ge, Xianqun Fan
Summary: Oncolytic viruses, either natural or genetically engineered, can replicate in tumor cells and inhibit tumor growth, making them an effective anticancer strategy. Their multifunctional characteristics suggest promising application prospects in cancer therapeutics.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Changwon Wang, Chungkeun Lee, Hangsik Shin
Summary: As a new therapeutic technique based on digital technology, the commercialization and clinical application of digital therapeutics (DTx) are increasing. However, the lack of consensus on a definition, insufficiencies in research and development, clinical trials, standardization of regulatory frameworks, and technological maturity have made the use of DTx as a general medical component ambiguous. This study investigates definitions, clinical trials, commercial products, and regulatory status related to DTx and suggests the necessity and considerations for international agreements on the definition and characteristics of DTx, focusing on commercialization characteristics.
NPJ DIGITAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Kai Zhang, Antonios G. Mikos, Rui L. Reis, Xingdong Zhang
Summary: Scientific research is driven by curiosity and interests. When it comes to translational research of biomaterials, it is crucial to address specific needs of clinical applications. The guest editors of this special issue aim to provide cutting-edge biomaterials research and insights on the translation of biomaterials from bench to clinic.
BIOACTIVE MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Carlo Russo, Sidong Liu, Antonio Di Ieva
Summary: MRI is used for brain tumor assessment, and DCNN has potential in brain tumor segmentation tasks but may fail on different dataset volumes. Utilizing a 3D spherical coordinates transform during preprocessing can improve model accuracy and generalizability.
MEDICAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERING & COMPUTING
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Kathryn Busch, Andrew Davidson, Antonio Di Ieva, Nazih Assaad, Mark Butlin, Alberto Avolio, Hosen Kiat
Summary: This study used non-invasive monitoring methods to evaluate the hemodynamic measurements of bAVM patients before and after surgery, and found significant venous changes after surgery. The velocity and pulsatility of the middle cerebral veins increased postoperatively and stabilized within 14 days.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Anne Jian, Sidong Liu, Antonio Di Ieva
Summary: Survival prediction for brain tumor patients is crucial for surgical planning, treatment selection, and counseling. However, current clinical factors and radiological characteristics are insufficient for accurately predicting survival, especially in heterogeneous tumors like glioma. Artificial intelligence offers powerful tools to capture hidden imaging features that reflect tumor structure and physiology, improving the accuracy of survival prediction.
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Cong Cong, Sidong Liu, Antonio Di Ieva, Maurice Pagnucco, Shlomo Berkovsky, Yang Song
Summary: Deep learning has been effective in histopathology image analysis, but stain colour variation poses challenges. Existing stain normalisation methods either use paired or unpaired images for training, suffering from domain discrepancies or risk of undertrained/overfitted models. This paper proposes a colour adaptive generative network (CAGAN) that combines supervised and unsupervised learning, introducing extra supervision with source domain images. The model is resistant to stain colour variations and uses histogram loss to ensure target domain colours. Experimental results show that the proposed method produces high-quality stain normalised images and improves benchmark algorithms by 5% to 10%.
MEDICAL IMAGE ANALYSIS
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Antonio Di Ieva, Jeffrey Rosenfeld
Summary: Giovanni Andrea Dalla Croce, a 16th-century Venetian physician, gained fame for his modern treatment of wounds. He served as the military surgeon of the Venetian Republic's naval fleet and published a comprehensive handbook on surgery, medicine, and battlefield wound treatment.
NEUROSURGICAL FOCUS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Robert Ahadizad Newport, Carlo Russo, Sidong Liu, Abdulla Al Suman, Antonio Di Ieva
Summary: Recent studies in eye gaze pattern matching have relied on string editing methods borrowed from bioinformatics. However, these methods have been found to produce false negative results in certain cases. To address this limitation, this paper introduces a new method called SoftMatch, which uses fractal curves to preserve locality and discrete Frechet distance measurements for fixation matching. Results show high levels of statistical and substantive significance when matching scanpaths during free-form viewing of unfamiliar stimuli.
Letter
Clinical Neurology
Antonio Di Ieva
NEURO-ONCOLOGY PRACTICE
(2023)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Laya Jose, Sidong Liu, Carlo Russo, Cong Cong, Yang Song, Michael Rodriguez, Antonio Di Ieva
Summary: A deep learning-based approach for automated classification of glioma histopathology images was proposed in this study. Two different deep neural network architectures were tested, and the multiclass method outperformed the ensemble method. The proposed method can assist in the diagnosis and classification of glioma histopathology images.
ARCHIVES OF PATHOLOGY & LABORATORY MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jennilee M. Davidson, Stephanie L. Rayner, Sidong Liu, Flora Cheng, Antonio Di Ieva, Roger S. Chung, Albert Lee
Summary: Proteomics has great potential in studying the molecular regulation of the human brain. This study compared the efficiency of two different protein-extraction buffers on formalin-fixed human brains, and found that a lysis buffer containing TrisHCl, SDS, SDC, and Triton X-100 had superior protein extraction performance. The analysis also revealed differential enrichment of proteins in different brain regions, indicating commonalities in the molecular regulation of neuroanatomically-linked brain functions. Overall, the study developed an optimized method for protein extraction from formalin-fixed human brain tissue and demonstrated its suitability for rapid and routine analysis of molecular signaling pathways in the human brain.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Daniel Peptenatu, Ion Andronache, Helmut Ahammer, Marko Radulovic, Jennifer K. Costanza, Herbert F. Jelinek, Antonio Di Ieva, Kohei Koyama, Alexandra Grecu, Andreea Karina Gruia, Adrian-Gabriel Simion, Iulia Daniela Nedelcu, Cosmin Olteanu, Cristian-Constantin Draghici, Marian Marin, Daniel Constantin Diaconu, Rasmus Fensholt, Erica A. Newman
Summary: This study presents a new fractal fragmentation and disorder index (FFDI) that can efficiently quantify the shape and arrangement of fragments in images. Validation results show that FFDI outperforms existing metrics in resolving spatial patterns of disorder and fragmentation. The FFDI improves the monitoring and understanding of forest fragmentation from satellite imagery and may have wider applicability in biology where image analysis is used.
Article
Neurosciences
Jennilee M. Davidson, Sharlynn S. L. Wu, Stephanie L. Rayner, Flora Cheng, Kimberley Duncan, Carlo Russo, Michelle Newbery, Kunjie Ding, Natalie M. Scherer, Rachelle Balez, Alberto Garcia-Redondo, Alberto Rabano, Livia Rosa-Fernandes, Lezanne Ooi, Kelly L. Williams, Marco Morsch, Ian P. Blair, Antonio Di Ieva, Shu Yang, Roger S. Chung, Albert Lee
Summary: This study reveals the role of cyclin F in regulating substrate solubility and its contribution to the pathogenesis of ALS and FTD. The ALS and FTD-associated protein p62 is identified as a substrate of cyclin F, and its aggregation is promoted by cyclin F expression. Mutations in cyclin F result in dysregulated p62 solubility and formation of p62 foci, which are associated with ALS and FTD pathogenesis.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Miracle C. Anokwute, Veronica Preda, Antonio Di Ieva
Summary: This study reviewed the literature on multidisciplinary team meetings (MDTMs) in neurosurgical care and identified limiting factors that may introduce bias to patient care. Productive MDTMs were found to involve quaternary/tertiary referral centers, a nonhierarchical environment, regularly scheduled meetings, inclusion of nonmedical factors, and use of clinical guidelines and institutional protocols. However, the use of artificial intelligence to reduce bias was not described in the literature.
WORLD NEUROSURGERY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Mehnaz Tabassum, Abdulla Al Suman, Eric Suero Molina, Elizabeth Pan, Antonio Di Ieva, Sidong Liu
Summary: Radiomics is a method of extracting quantitative features from medical images, providing more detailed and objective information about tumor features. Machine learning techniques can enhance tumor diagnosis, treatment response assessment, and patient prognosis prediction. However, practical application of radiomics in clinical settings still needs improvement.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Mahsa Vaezzadeh, Ehsan Kachooei, Shivani Krishnamurthy, Preeti Manandhar, Annemarie Nadort, Gilles J. Guillemin, Antonio Di Ieva, Marina Santiago, Benjamin Heng, Anna Guller
Summary: Combination drug therapy is a promising strategy to improve treatment outcomes for glioblastoma patients. However, there is a lack of clarity in drug testing using 3D in vitro models of glioblastoma. This review explores the available literature on the application of temozolomide (TMZ) in 3D in vitro models of glioblastoma, providing a roadmap for future combination treatment research.
ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Proceedings Paper
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Cong Cong, Yixing Yang, Sidong Liu, Maurice Pagnucco, Antonio Di Ieva, Shlomo Berkovsky, Yang Song
Summary: This paper proposes a novel unified feature and classifier learning framework for imbalanced medical image datasets. The model is equipped with an adaptive unified contrastive (AduC) loss to progressively adapt the model learning process. Experimental results show that the proposed method can significantly improve the classification accuracy and F1-score for medical image classification.
MACHINE LEARNING IN MEDICAL IMAGING, MLMI 2022
(2022)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Jingting Yao, Justin D. Sprick, Jinhee Jeong, Jeanie Park, David A. Reiter
Summary: This study used time-frequency spectral analysis of resting near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) signals to evaluate the regulation of peripheral microvascular perfusion in CKD patients. The findings suggest that CKD patients have impaired neurogenic and endothelial functions, which may be associated with increased sympathetic activity and reduced endothelial function in CKD.
MICROVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Yoh Sugawara, Yusuke Mizuno, Shinya Oku, Yuri Sawada, Takahisa Goto
Summary: This study investigated the role of Protein kinase D (PKD) in aortic contraction and hemodynamics, finding that PKD1 plays a crucial role in these processes through phosphorylation of MYPT1 and actin polymerization in a calcium-independent manner.
MICROVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Xuenan Zhuang, Guiqin He, Yunkao Zeng, Miaoling Li, Yongyue Su, Xuelin Chen, Yining Zhang, Yuhong Gan, Feng Wen, Xiongze Zhang
Summary: This study assessed the impact of acute, heavy alcohol consumption on the ocular microvasculature. The findings suggest that excessive alcohol consumption leads to vasoconstriction in ocular arterioles and vasodilation in capillaries, particularly evident 1-hour post-consumption.
MICROVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Ayuki Nakano, Akane Morita, Shiho Arima, Tohru Nagamitsu, Tsutomu Nakahara
Summary: This study examines the preventative and therapeutic effects of inhibiting mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) on abnormal retinal blood vessels in a rat model of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). The results suggest that mTORC1 activation in proliferating endothelial cells contributes to the appearance and progression of ROP-like retinal blood vessels. Inhibition of mTORC1 may be a promising approach for selectively targeting abnormal retinal blood vessels in ROP.
MICROVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Bing Wang, Xiaohong Song, Xu Zhang, Yuan Li, Mengting Xu, Xueting Liu, Bingwei Li, Sunjing Fu, Hao Ling, Yingyu Wang, Xiaoyan Zhang, Ailing Li, Mingming Liu
Summary: This study found that glycine supplementation can improve pancreatic microcirculation in T1DM mice and reverse the production of inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, glycine supplementation also alleviates damage to pancreatic islet and vascular tissues, suggesting a potential therapeutic effect for T1DM.
MICROVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Merve Erkisa Genel, Kaan Adacan, Selin Selvi, Deniz Erol Kutucu, Ayca Uvez, Elif Ilkay Armutak, Abdurrahman Sengul, Engin Ulukaya, Ebru Gurel Gurevin
Summary: This study investigated the anti-growth/cytotoxic effect of a dinuclear Pd(II) complex on breast cancer cell lines and confirmed its anti-migration and antiangiogenic properties. The results suggest the potential of this complex in the treatment of breast cancer.
MICROVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Cedric Mueller, Christoph Hauser, Justin Carrard, Konstantin Gugleta, Timo Hinrichs, Arno Schmidt-Trucksass, Henner Hanssen, Lukas Streese
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the differences in microvascular health between normotensive individuals and patients with arterial hypertension and to assess the effects of short-term high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on microvascular health in patients with arterial hypertension. The study found that short-term HIIT can ameliorate hypertension-induced retinal microvascular abnormalities in patients with arterial hypertension.
MICROVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Yuyang Hou, Wenjing Du, Qiong Wu, Xinyu Chai, Yinan Wang, Yingqian Mi, Yuan Tian, Mengyan Tang, Jun Li, Dongmei Yan
Summary: This study identified a prognostic signature consisting of four genes in bladder cancer patients and utilized angiogenesis-related genes and molecular subtypes to construct this signature, which could help predict survival outcomes. The study also evaluated immune cell infiltration and predicted chemotherapeutic responses, confirming the effectiveness of this prognostic signature.
MICROVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Sean D. Mcgarry, Cynthia Adjekukor, Suchit Ahuja, Jasper Greysson-Wong, Idy Vien, Kristina D. Rinker, Sarah J. Childs
Summary: The article introduces a software tool called Vessel Metrics for analyzing developmental vascular microscopy images, which can expedite the analysis process and ensure consistency between research groups. The tool includes a segmentation algorithm that accurately quantifies different image types and has been validated in zebrafish and mouse models.
MICROVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Y. P. Latul, C. Ince, N. E. van Trommel, A. van den Brandhof-van den Berg, J. P. W. R. Roovers, A. W. Kastelein
Summary: This study evaluated the real-time detection capability of handheld vital microscopy (HVM) for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and cervical cancer (CC). The results showed that HVM enables easy, real-time, and non-invasive assessment of cervical lesions through the detection of microvascular alterations. This method has the potential to be used for point-of-care screening, reducing unnecessary surgical interventions.
MICROVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Zhifei Liu, Jieqiong Zhang, Xue Li, Qiumei Hu, Xi Chen, Linlin Luo, Liqianyu Ai, Jian Ye
Summary: The study revealed that astrocytic YAP can alleviate retinal pathological angiogenesis by inhibiting overactivation of astrocytes, thereby suppressing excessive VEGF-A production and neuroinflammation.
MICROVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Robert G. Hahn
Summary: The fast-exchange interstitial fluid compartment is directly connected to the circulating blood, while the slow-exchange compartment is not.
MICROVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2024)
Review
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Nadia Hamjane, Mohcine Bennani Mechita, Naima Ghailani Nourouti, Amina Barakat
Summary: Gut microbiota dysbiosis plays a crucial role in the development of obesity-related metabolic abnormalities, including insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. Inflammation is a major mechanism linking gut microbiota dysbiosis to obesity-associated metabolic complications.
MICROVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Guangzhen Zhou, Yan Gao, Yanbin Shi, Shengnan Qiu, Guimei Lin, Xinbing Ding, Wenguang Wang, Yihua Feng, Fei Wang, Jinwei Qiao
Summary: This study utilized an in vitro biomimetic experimental system to investigate the transvascular transport of nano-preparations, and found that the pressure gradient between vascular fluid pressure and interstitial fluid pressure determines the existence of the enhanced penetration and retention effect of nanopreparations.
MICROVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Kenji Chamoto, Barry C. Gibney, Willi L. Wagner, Maximilian Ackermann, Hassan A. Khalil, Steven J. Mentzer
Summary: In the study, the process of angiogenesis in adult regenerating tissue was investigated by grafting portions of the regenerating lung onto the chick chorioallantoic membrane. The results showed peri-graft angiogenesis, particularly in the cardiac lobe. Functional vascular connections were observed between the cardiac lobe and the chick chorioallantoic membrane vascular network. Elevated gene expression levels were found in the cardiac lobe compared to other lobes.
MICROVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2024)
