Article
Psychiatry
Sarah Tarbox-Berry, Barbara C. Walsh, Michael F. Pogue-Geile, Scott W. Woods
Summary: This study presents the first data on APS symptoms in family members of APS patients, showing that the severity of symptoms is greater in probands compared to siblings, especially in the negative/anxiety and positive factors. These results support the importance of non-familial effects on risk for APS and suggest differences in familial contribution to APS symptoms.
SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN
(2023)
Review
Psychology, Clinical
Andrea Raballo, Michele Poletti, Antonio Preti
Summary: This study aimed to fill the knowledge gap regarding baseline exposure to benzodiazepines (BDZ) in individuals at clinical high-risk for psychosis (CHR-P) and its association with the transition to psychosis. The meta-analysis found that ongoing BDZ exposure at baseline in CHR-P is associated with a higher risk of transition to psychosis at follow-up.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Sarah Kerins, Judith Nottage, Gonzalo Salazar de Pablo, Matthew J. Kempton, Stefania Tognin, Dorien H. Niemann, Lieuwe de Haan, Therese van Amelsvoort, Jun Soo Kwon, Barnaby Nelson, Romina Mizrahi, Philip McGuire, Paolo Fusar-Poli
Summary: This study aims to improve the diagnostic and prognostic accuracy of individuals at clinical high-risk for psychosis (CHR-P) by combining clinical assessments with electroencephalography (EEG) biomarkers. The study also seeks to stratify CHR-P individuals based on their risk of transitioning to psychosis, and ultimately aid in the development of personalized treatment strategies. The findings from this study may improve our understanding of the CHR-P state and pave the way for the integration of EEG biomarkers in the assessment of these individuals.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Review
Psychology, Clinical
Andrea Raballo, Michele Poletti, Antonio Preti
Summary: Baseline exposure to antidepressants in individuals at clinical high-risk for psychosis is associated with a reduced risk of transition to psychosis.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Zachary Anderson, Tina Gupta, William Revelle, Claudia M. Haase, Vijay A. Mittal
Summary: Alterations in emotional diversity, particularly lower levels of positive and higher levels of negative emotional diversity, are clinically relevant markers in individuals with a clinical high-risk (CHR) syndrome. Future studies should investigate the sources, downstream consequences, and potential modifiability of decreased emotional diversity in individuals at CHR.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Sewanu Awhangansi, Adeniran Okewole, Philip John Archard, Michelle O'Reilly
Summary: This article evaluates the state of knowledge on Clinical High Risk for Psychosis in Africa, covering epidemiology, risk factors, predictors of psychosis conversion, as well as sociocultural factors and barriers to mental health services. The article discusses assessment approaches, preventive and early intervention strategies, and provides recommendations for further research and culturally valid assessment tools.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Scott W. Woods, Cole Lympus, Thomas H. McGlashan, Barbara C. Walsh, Tyrone D. Cannon
Summary: The Mini-SIPS is a condensed version of the Structured Interview for Psychosis-Risk Syndromes (SIPS), designed to efficiently provide clinicians with the minimum information needed to support a DSM-5 Attenuated Psychosis Syndrome (APS) diagnosis. This study found that the majority of participants intended to use the Mini-SIPS exclusively for clinical purposes, and performance on the post-training quiz was excellent regardless of prior training in structured diagnostic interviewing.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Andrea Raballo, Michele Poletti, Antonio Preti
Summary: Meta-analysis revealed that baseline exposure to antipsychotic medication in clinically high-risk individuals was associated with a higher risk of transition to psychosis. However, sample enrichment was not a plausible explanation for this increased risk.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Lourdes Nieto, Tecelli Dominguez-Martinez, Mauricio Rosel-Vales, Ricardo Saracco-Alvarez, Cesar Celada-Borja, Maria Luisa Rascon-Gasca
Summary: This study compares the sociodemographic, clinical, and functional characteristics of At-Risk Mental State (ARMS) youth and those with a first- or second-degree relative with psychosis (Familial High-Risk: FHR) in a Mexican sample. The findings indicate that ARMS individuals are younger, have less education, and are more likely to be male than those in the FHR group. The ARMS group also exhibits more severe prodromal symptoms, schizotypal personality traits, and general psychopathology. Additionally, their premorbid adjustment deficit from early adolescence is higher compared to the FHR group. The study emphasizes the need for early detection and intervention programs in Mexico to support this vulnerable group.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Erica L. Karp, Trevor F. Williams, Lauren M. Ellman, Gregory P. Strauss, Elaine F. Walker, Philip R. Corlett, Scott W. Woods, Albert R. Powers, James M. Gold, Jason E. Schiffman, James A. Waltz, Steven M. Silverstein, Vijay A. Mittal
Summary: This study investigated self-reported gesture interpretation and performance in individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis, those with internalizing disorders, and healthy controls. The results showed that the clinical high-risk group had significantly lower scores in self-reported gesture interpretation compared to the other two groups, while there were no differences in gesture performance among the three groups. Within the clinical high-risk group, greater deficits in gesture performance were associated with lower verbal learning and memory, and gesture deficits were also linked to higher cross-sectional risk for conversion to a full psychotic disorder.
SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
T. Velikonja, E. Velthorst, J. Zinberg, T. D. Cannon, B. A. Cornblatt, D. O. Perkins, K. S. Cadenhead, M. T. Tsuang, J. Addington, S. W. Woods, T. McGlashan, D. H. Mathalon, W. Stone, M. Keshavan, L. Seidman, C. E. Bearden
Summary: The study suggests that individuals at clinical high risk who have experienced multiple types of childhood trauma may have better cognitive functioning compared to those with minimal trauma. However, the experience of multiple trauma types is not associated with greater cognitive change in CHR converters over time. Further research is needed to understand the complexity of factors contributing to at-risk states.
DEVELOPMENT AND PSYCHOPATHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Ana Catalan, Stefania Tognin, Matthew J. Kempton, Daniel Stahl, Gonzalo Salazar de Pablo, Barnaby Nelson, Christos Pantelis, Anita Riecher-Rossler, Rodrigo Bressan, Neus Barrantes-Vidal, Marie-Odile Krebs, Merete Nordentoft, Stephan Ruhrmann, Gabriele Sachs, Bart P. F. Rutten, Jim van Os, Lieuwe de Haan, Mark van der Gaag, Lucia R. Valmaggia, Philip McGuire
Summary: This study found that individuals at clinical high-risk for psychosis have a reasoning bias known as "jumping to conclusions." The study found that this bias was not associated with the subsequent onset of psychosis, but individuals who developed psychosis showed a greater tendency to jump to conclusions compared to those who did not develop psychosis and healthy controls. This tendency to jump to conclusions was significantly associated with adverse functioning during follow-up.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Mary Sengutta, Anne Karow, Lukasz Gaweda
Summary: The CHR-P subgroup showed significantly higher scores in anomalous self-experiences and childhood trauma, with ASE predicting CHR-P status. Additionally, there was a moderate to strong positive correlation between childhood trauma and ASE, indicating a relationship between exposure to childhood trauma and anomalous self-experiences.
SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Carolyn M. Amir, Simon Kapler, Gil D. Hoftman, Leila Kushan, Jamie Zinberg, Kristin S. Cadenhead, Leda Kennedy, Barbara A. Cornblatt, Matcheri Keshavan, Daniel H. Mathalon, Diana O. Perkins, William Stone, Ming T. Tsuang, Elaine F. Walker, Scott W. Woods, Tyrone D. Cannon, Jean Addington, Carrie E. Bearden
Summary: This study aims to compare substance use patterns and their neurobehavioral correlates in genetic high-risk and clinical high-risk populations. The results show that individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis have higher rates of substance use compared to typically developing controls, while individuals with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome have significantly lower rates. The findings suggest that different factors, such as neurodevelopmental symptoms and social functioning, may contribute to the distinct substance use patterns observed in these populations.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Michelle S. Friedman-Yakoobian, Emma M. Parrish, Shaun M. Eack, Matcheri S. Keshavan
Summary: A comprehensive social and neurocognitive remediation intervention, CLUES, showed feasibility and preliminary efficacy in improving social functioning and social cognition in individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis.
SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Ivanka Ristanovic, K. Juston Osborne, Teresa Vargas, Tina Gupta, Vijay A. Mittal
NEUROPSYCHOBIOLOGY
(2020)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Sophia Kogan, Luz H. Ospina, Vijay A. Mittal, David Kimhy
EUROPEAN ARCHIVES OF PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2020)
Article
Psychiatry
Katherine S. F. Damme, Teresa Vargas, Vince Calhoun, Jessica Turner, Vijay A. Mittal
SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN
(2020)
Article
Psychiatry
Teresa Vargas, Pamela J. Rakhshan Rouhakhtar, Jason Schiffman, Denise S. Zou, Kelsey J. Rydland, Vijay A. Mittal
SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH
(2020)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
K. Juston Osborne, Katherine S. F. Damme, Tina Gupta, Derek J. Dean, Jessica A. Bernard, Vijay A. Mittal
Summary: The study found that CHR youth exhibited poorer temporal accuracy compared to controls, which was associated with abnormal connectivity between the bilateral anterior cerebellum and a right caudate/nucleus accumbens striatal cluster. Poor temporal accuracy accounted for 11% of the variance in worsening of negative symptoms over 12 months.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Matilda Azis, Pamela Rakhshan Rouhakhtar, Jason E. Schiffman, Lauren M. Ellman, Gregory P. Strauss, Vijay A. Mittal
Summary: This study conducted an exploratory factor analysis on 183 individuals meeting CHR criteria, revealing a clear three-dimensional model of positive symptoms. The model distinguishes perceptual abnormalities and two subgroups of delusions, similar to those found in psychotic disorders. This understanding is crucial for diagnosis and clinical progression of psychosis in CHR individuals.
EARLY INTERVENTION IN PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Henry R. Cowan, Vijay A. Mittal
Summary: The study demonstrates the validity of persecutory ideation, bizarre experiences, and perceptual abnormalities in a clinical high-risk youth sample. Self-reported PLEs can be used not only for screening individuals for inclusion in the CHR classification, but also to predict progression to psychotic illness in CHR individuals.
EUROPEAN ARCHIVES OF PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Scott W. Woods, Carrie E. Bearden, Fred W. Sabb, William S. Stone, John Torous, Barbara A. Cornblatt, Diana O. Perkins, Kristin S. Cadenhead, Jean Addington, Albert R. Powers, Daniel H. Mathalon, Monica E. Calkins, Daniel H. Wolf, Cheryl M. Corcoran, Leslie E. Horton, Vijay A. Mittal, Jason Schiffman, Lauren M. Ellman, Gregory P. Strauss, Daniel Mamah, Jimmy Choi, Godfrey D. Pearlson, Jai L. Shah, Paolo Fusar-Poli, Celso Arango, Jesus Perez, Nikolaos Koutsouleris, Jijun Wang, Jun Soo Kwon, Barbara C. Walsh, Thomas H. McGlashan, Steven E. Hyman, Raquel E. Gur, Tyrone D. Cannon, John M. Kane, Alan Anticevic
Summary: This article responds to critique on the clinical high risk syndrome for psychosis by Malhi et al., offering perspectives on CHR nomenclature consistency, disease mechanisms, and biomarkers. The authors believe that CHR diagnosis is not extremely difficult, progression patterns are discernible, psychosis-like symptoms are common but not used to identify CHR, and CHR diagnosis does not frequently cause harmful stigma.
SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Tina Gupta, Vijay A. Mittal
Summary: Research indicates that transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) may be helpful in improving emotional processing deficits and related symptoms in patients with psychosis and depression. Despite limited understanding of this area currently, further investigation into the efficacy of tDCS should be pursued to identify more effective interventions.
EUROPEAN ARCHIVES OF PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Psychiatry
Gregory P. Strauss, Andrea Pelletier-Baldelli, Katherine Frost Visser, Elaine F. Walker, Vijay A. Mittal
SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH
(2020)
Article
Neurosciences
Teresa Vargas, Katherine S. F. Damme, Vijay A. Mittal
Article
Psychology, Developmental
K. Juston Osborne, Teresa Vargas, Vijay A. Mittal
DEVELOPMENT AND PSYCHOPATHOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Joseph Firth, Felipe Schuch, Vijay A. Mittal
RESEARCH IN PSYCHOTHERAPY-PSYCHOPATHOLOGY PROCESS AND OUTCOME
(2020)
Article
Psychiatry
David Kimhy, Amanda Lister, Ying Liu, Julia Vakhrusheva, Philippe Delespaul, Dolores Malaspina, Luz H. Ospina, Vijay A. Mittal, James J. Gross, Yuanjia Wang
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Hannah C. Chapman, Katherine F. Visser, Vijay A. Mittal, Brandon E. Gibb, Meredith E. Coles, Gregory P. Strauss
DEVELOPMENT AND PSYCHOPATHOLOGY
(2020)