Review
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Elisa G. M. Ferreira
Summary: Ultra-light dark matter, composed of bosons with masses ranging from 10(-24)eV < m < eV, has garnered attention for its ability to form a Bose-Einstein condensate or superfluid on galactic scales. Various models have been proposed, including fuzzy dark matter, self-interacting fuzzy dark matter, and DM superfluid, with the potential to reconcile the cold DM picture with small-scale behavior. These models present a rich phenomenology and are being tested using astrophysical and cosmological observations.
ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS REVIEW
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Lingyan Zheng, Yi Wen, Wen Ren, Hong Duan, Jianhan Lin, Joseph Irudayaraj
Summary: A visual method for rapid detection and quantification of Escherichia coli using spectral angle mapping and dark-field microscopy was developed. The method showed high sensitivity with a linear detection range of 6.1 x 101 to 6.1 x 106 CFU/mL in milk samples and a detection limit of ~61 CFU/mL. The method can be utilized as an effective tool to detect Escherichia coli in food samples and monitor pathogens in complex samples.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
(2022)
Article
Physics, Applied
Hui Li, Zixue Su
Summary: Time-resolved dark-field imaging of alpha Fe2O3 nanoparticle and Ag nanowires using scattered electrons by selected crystal planes is achieved by photon-induced near-field electron microscopy (PINEM) with high spatiotemporal resolution.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Shao-Ping Li, Xin-Qiang Li, Xin-Shuai Yan, Ya-Dong Yang
Summary: A simple analysis was conducted on the sensitivity of big-bang nucleosynthesis to light dark matter generated by the thermal freeze-in mechanism. The study found that the ratio of effective neutrino number shift to dark matter relic density can be used as a visualization tool to test the generation of warm dark matter. This method is particularly useful in scenarios involving cold-plus-warm dark matter compositions.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Shichen Xu, Yeye Wen, Zhuo Chen, Nannan Ji, Zhigang Zou, Mingmao Wu, Liangti Qu, Jin Zhang
Summary: The study successfully designed strictly vertical graphene arrays (SVGAs) as the main electrode for the capacitor, showing excellent specific areal capacitance and cycle life. Using organic electrolyte can further increase the output voltage, achieving ultra-high energy density. ECs-SVGAs can effectively smooth arbitrary AC waveforms into DC signals, exhibiting outstanding filtering performance.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Firat Toguz, Daisuke Kawata, George Seabroke, Justin Read
Summary: In this study, the existence of a dark matter "soliton core" predicted in the ultra-light dark matter (ULDM) model is tested using the nuclear star cluster (NSC) of the Milky Way. The results show that a soliton core for a single ULDM particle within a specific mass range is not supported by the observed data. Further dynamical modeling of a larger region of the Galactic center can provide tighter constraints on the mass of dark matter.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Yeongseok Jang, Seungbeom Han, Chulgyu Song, Jinmu Jung, Jonghyun Oh
Summary: Dark field microscopy provides better insight into biology, but most microscopes are limited to 2D samples. We propose a compact cell monitoring system with an optimized dark field filter to enable real-time cell imaging and long-term monitoring.
JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Joseph Holmes, Mi Zhang, Tine Greibe, William L. Schaich, Stephen C. Jacobson, Bogdan Dragnea
Summary: Solving Maxwell's equations numerically to map electromagnetic fields in the vicinity of nanostructured metal surfaces is challenging, especially for non-periodic, extended patterns. However, it is important for many nanophotonic applications to accurately describe the actual spatial field distributions near device surfaces. In this article, we demonstrate that complex light intensity patterns formed by closely-spaced multiple apertures in a metal film can be faithfully mapped with sub-wavelength resolution, from near-field to far-field, using a 3D solid replica of isointensity surfaces. The role of the metal film's permittivity in shaping the isointensity surfaces is captured by simulations and confirmed experimentally.
NANOSCALE ADVANCES
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Joseph P. Johnson, S. Shankaranarayanan
Summary: The study explores the interaction between dark energy and dark matter, finding a unique form of interaction strength and showing equivalence between fields and fluids in certain models. It also categorizes interacting dark energy models in the literature and introduces a novel autonomous system for stability analysis. The research demonstrates that the dark-energy-dominated epoch occurs earlier than noninteracting systems for specific scalar field potentials and coupling strengths.
Article
Agronomy
Masoumeh Hamidi, Abdolreza Safari, Saeid Homayouni, Hadiseh Hasani
Summary: Accurate crop mapping is crucial in agricultural applications, but it is challenging due to the variabilities in spectral, spatial, and temporal characteristics. This study introduces a deep learning framework, called Guided Filtered Sparse Auto-Encoder (GFSAE), to improve the accuracy of crop mapping by incorporating field boundary information. The evaluation on two high-resolution image datasets shows that GFSAE achieves impressive improvements in terms of accuracy metrics compared to the traditional Sparse Auto Encoder (SAE).
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Shansi Zhang, Nan Meng, Edmund Y. Lam
Summary: This paper proposes an efficient Low-light Restoration Transformer (LRT) for LF images under low-light conditions. The method utilizes multiple heads to perform intermediate tasks within a single network, achieving progressive restoration from small scale to full scale. Experimental results show that the proposed method achieves state-of-the-art performance on low-light LF restoration with high efficiency.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON IMAGE PROCESSING
(2023)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
M. Battaglieri, P. Bisio, M. Bondi, A. Celentano, P. L. Cole, M. De Napoli, R. De Vita, L. Marsicano, G. Ottonello, F. Parodi, N. Randazzo, E. S. Smith, D. Snowden-Ifft, M. Spreafico, T. Whitlatch, M. H. Wood
Summary: This study presents the design and performance of a compact detector, BDX-MINI, optimized to detect light dark matter produced by electrons in a beam dump. The robust detector was shown to have stable performance during a six-month period of operation with minimal access.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Maricarmen Guerra, Alex E. Hay, Richard Karsten, Gregory Trowse, Richard A. Cheel
Summary: In this study, instrumented mobile platforms were used to map the turbulent flows in Grand Passage, one of the Bay of Fundy's energetic tidal channels in Nova Scotia, Canada. The aim was to characterize the flow around the PLAT-I floating tidal energy platform developed by SMEC. The data collected through GPS-tracked surface drifters equipped with ADCPs and vessel-mounted ADCP transects successfully captured the spatial and temporal structure of the flow under different tidal conditions.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Luis A. Anchordoqui, Corinne Berat, Mario E. Bertaina, Antonella Castellina, Olivier Deligny, Ralph Engel, Glennys R. Farrar, Piera L. Ghia, Dan Hooper, Oleg Kalashev, Mikhail Kuznetsov, Marcus Niechciol, Angela V. Olinto, Philipp Papenbreer, Lorenzo Perrone, Julian Rautenberg, Andres Romero-Wolf, Pierpaolo Savina, Jorge F. Soriano, Tonia M. Venters
Summary: Particle physics must remain open to unexpected discoveries. The observation of ultra-high energy photons could imply new physical phenomena or undiscovered particle acceleration mechanisms. Detecting UHE photons could reveal the existence of super-heavy dark matter.
ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
E. Aprile, K. Abe, F. Agostini, S. Ahmed Maouloud, M. Alfonsi, L. Althueser, E. Angelino, J. R. Angevaare, V. C. Antochi, D. Anton Martin, F. Arneodo, L. Baudis, A. L. Baxter, L. Bellagamba, A. Bernard, R. Biondi, A. Bismark, A. Brown, S. Bruenner, G. Bruno, R. Budnik, C. Capelli, J. M. R. Cardoso, D. Cichon, B. Cimmino, M. Clark, A. P. Colijn, J. Conrad, J. J. Cuenca-Garcia, J. P. Cussonneau, V. D'Andrea, M. P. Decowski, P. Di Gangi, S. Di Pede, A. Di Giovanni, R. Di Stefano, S. Diglio, A. Elykov, S. Farrell, A. D. Ferella, H. Fischer, W. Fulgione, P. Gaemers, R. Gaior, M. Galloway, F. Gao, R. Glade-Beucke, L. Grandi, J. Grigat, A. Higuera, C. Hils, L. Hoetzsch, J. Howlett, M. Iacovacci, Y. Itow, J. Jakob, F. Joerg, A. Joy, N. Kato, P. Kavrigin, S. Kazama, M. Kobayashi, G. Koltman, A. Kopec, H. Landsman, R. F. Lang, L. Levinson, I. Li, S. Li, S. Liang, S. Lindemann, M. Lindner, K. Liu, F. Lombardi, J. Long, J. A. M. Lopes, Y. Ma, C. Macolino, J. Mahlstedt, A. Mancuso, L. Manenti, A. Manfredini, F. Marignetti, T. Marrodan Undagoitia, K. Martens, J. Masbou, D. Masson, E. Masson, S. Mastroianni, M. Messina, K. Miuchi, K. Mizukoshi, A. Molinario, S. Moriyama, K. Mora, Y. Mosbacher, M. Murra, J. Mueller, K. Ni, U. Oberlack, B. Paetsch, J. Palacio, R. Peres, J. Pienaar, M. Pierre, V. Pizzella, G. Plante, J. Qi, J. Qin, D. Ramirez Garcia, S. Reichard, A. Rocchetti, N. Rupp, L. Sanchez, J. M. F. dos Santos, I. Sarnoff, G. Sartorelli, J. Schreiner, D. Schulte, H. Schulze Eissing, M. Schumann, L. Scotto Lavina, M. Selvi, F. Semeria, P. Shagin, S. Shi, E. Shockley, M. Silva, H. Simgen, A. Takeda, P. -L. Tan, A. Terliuk, D. Thers, F. Toschi, G. Trinchero, C. Tunnell, E. Toennies, K. Valerius, G. Volta, Y. Wei, C. Weinheimer, M. Weiss, D. Wenz, C. Wittweg, T. Wolf, Z. Xu, M. Yamashita, L. Yang, J. Ye, L. Yuan, G. Zavattini, Y. Zhang, M. Zhong, T. Zhu, J. P. Zopounidis
Summary: This paper examines the origins of delayed single- and few-electron emissions in dual-phase time projection chambers. After removing correlated backgrounds, the observed event rates for 1 to 5 electrons are <30 events/(electron x kg x day). The study also derives 90% confidence upper limits for dark matter-electron scattering, electric dipole, magnetic dipole, anapole interactions, as well as exclusion of new parameter space for dark photons and solar dark photons.