Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Ki Mun Bang, Woosung Park, Pawel Ziolkowski, Hyungyu Jin
Summary: Stretchable electronic devices face challenges in thermal conductivity and heat dissipation. Innovative cooling platforms are required to address the heat dissipation issue. Adding alumina powder into the materials can enhance cooling performance and improve energy efficiency.
ACS APPLIED ELECTRONIC MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Zongqing Ren, Jae Choon Kim, Jaeho Lee
Summary: The study investigates the temporal and spatial interplays of various thermal effects in a holey silicon-based lateral thermoelectric device. Holey silicon with anisotropic thermal conductivities delays lateral diffusion while enabling rapid heat dissipation in the vertical direction, showing promise for dynamic thermal management of on-chip hot spots. The Thomson effect is found to strengthen the supercooling effect in the device.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMPONENTS PACKAGING AND MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture
Jinwei Zhang, Sheriff Sadiqbatcha, Liang Chen, Cuong Thi, Sachin Sachdeva, Hussam Amrouch, Sheldon X. -D Tan
Summary: In this paper, a hot-spot aware Thermoelectric Cooler (TEC)-based active cooling technique, called TEC-Array, is proposed to perform targeted cooling of on-chip hot spots. The proposed system involves a 2D array of TEC modules to enable spatially varying cooling for areas consuming more power. The voltage settings of the TEC-Array are dynamically configured using machine learning predicted power-density maps. A numerical simulation framework is also proposed to accurately model the TEC devices. The results show that the TEC-Array cooling can substantially reduce peak temperatures and improve chip performance while maintaining chip design lifetime.
INTEGRATION-THE VLSI JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Sang J. Park, Junyoung Park, Ki Mun Bang, Jung Min Lee, Woosung Park, Pawel Ziolkowski, Hyungyu Jin
Summary: This article discusses the limitations of thermoelectric coolers (TECs) in commercial applications due to their low cooling efficiency, and proposes a design strategy of filler-embedded TECs (F-TECs) to address these challenges. The F-TECs with large power factors and thermally conductive filler material show significantly improved cooling capability and thermal stability, making them suitable for hotspot cooling applications in microprocessors, batteries, and photovoltaic cells.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
H. R. Liu, B. J. Li, L. J. Hua, R. Z. Wang
Summary: This study investigates the practical application of thermoelectric self-cooling technology in commercial projectors through experimental and numerical research. The experimental results show that a carefully designed thermoelectric self-cooling system can outperform traditional forced cooling systems without consuming power. A numerical model is established and validated through the comparison with experimental results. A parametric study analyzes the influence of different physical properties and structures of thermoelectric materials.
Article
Thermodynamics
R. Pakrouh, A. A. Ranjbar, M. J. Hosseini, M. Rahimi
Summary: The crisis of global warming and environmental pollution has driven the development of electric cars, and improving their performance includes designing a suitable cooling system for the battery. This study introduces and examines a new liquid cooling system that combines phase change materials (PCM) and thermoelectric coolers (TEC). The results show that increasing fluid flow rate, TECs number, and input electrical power can lower the battery pack temperature. Additionally, the type of PCM used also affects the performance of the system.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Ryszard Buchalik, Grzegorz Nowak, Iwona Nowak
Summary: This paper discusses the modeling issues of a cooling system with thermoelectric modules in order to achieve the lowest temperature in the cooled space. The analysis considers both steady state and momentary capabilities, and examines different configurations and sizes of the modules. The study also explores the impact of thermal resistance and suggests optimal supply currents for achieving momentary supercooling temperatures.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Ryszard Buchalik, Grzegorz Nowak, Iwona Nowak
Summary: This paper discusses the modeling of a cooling system with thermoelectric modules to achieve the lowest temperature in the cooled space. The optimal sizes and supply currents of the modules for both steady state and momentary supercooling are determined. The effects of thermal resistance on module dimensions and temperature rise are also analyzed.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
N. Vijay Krishna, S. Manikandan, C. Selvam
Summary: Thermal management is crucial for the performance of thermoelectric coolers (TEC). This study investigates the effects of input voltage, hot side air velocity, heat sink configuration, and phase change material (PCM) fill volume on the performance of a 54 W Bismuth Telluride TEC. The results show that increasing input voltage raises the cold and hot side temperatures of the TEC, while increasing hot side air velocity reduces both temperatures. The heat sink with a fully filled square pocket PCM exhibited the best performance among the three configurations examined.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Haowen Liu, Guiqiang Li, Xudong Zhao, Xiaoli Ma, Chao Shen
Summary: Due to its small size, stable operational performance, and precise control of temperature, the thermoelectric cooler (TEC) has been widely used in industries such as electronics and aerospace that require effective thermal management. This paper presents a novel three-dimensional model for TECs that investigates the impact of geometry on cooling performance, thermal-mechanic characteristics, and lifespan. Through simulation and experimentation, correlations between geometry and parameters such as cooling capacity and COP were determined.
Article
Thermodynamics
Xiangbo Cui, Tete Hu
Summary: An effective battery thermal management (BTM) strategy based on thermoelectric cooler (TEC) is proposed in this paper to regulate the battery temperature and reduce energy consumption. The proposed method combines the TEC model and distributed battery thermal model, and utilizes a neural network observer to compensate for model uncertainty. Nonlinear model predictive control (NMPC) and genetic algorithm (GA) optimization are employed to optimize the cooling process. Experimental results demonstrate the accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed method in controlling the battery temperature under different conditions.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Rishikesh Kumar, Mohd. Kaleem Khan, Manabendra Pathak
Summary: Modern electronic devices require efficient cooling due to high power density. The thermoelectric cooler (TEC) offers precise cooling and is widely used in high-end electronic components. In this study, a 3D numerical model is developed to optimize the design parameters of the TEC, such as fill factor, leg dimensions, heat sink size, and phase change material (PCM) filling pattern. Two different heat sink PCM designs are investigated for hotspot mitigation. The results show that the TEC module with a 20% fill factor provides a cooling of 20.5 degrees C with an average cooling per unit input power of 37.5 degrees CW-1, while the TEC module with n-eicosane PCM (M2 design) achieves an effective cooling of 37 degrees C and an average cooling per unit input power of 42.3 degrees CW-1.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Tingrui Gong, Yongjia Wu, Juntao Li, Wenting Lin, Lei Gao, Limei Shen, Nan Zhou, Tingzhen Ming
Summary: In this paper, a framework for the system level optimization of the thin-film thermoelectric cooler (TFTEC) in 3D electronic packaging is developed, considering various factors including size effect, geometric effect, parasitic effect, and localized hotspot. The influences of different factors on the passive and active cooling effects of the TFTEC are evaluated using an orthogonal array. The results show the significant contributions of electrode height, hotspot size, and hotspot heat flux to the cooling effects. Grey relational analysis is used to approach the optimum design factors, leading to improved cooling performance.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Oussama Rejeb, Samson Shittu, Guiqiang Li, Chaouki Ghenai, Xudong Zhao, Christophe Menezo, Abdelmajid Jemni, Mohamed Hedi Jomaa, Maamar Bettayeb
Summary: The study compared the performance of a traditional CPVT solar system with and without the addition of thermoelectric generator modules (TEG) using numerical simulations. The results showed that the CPVT system integrated with TEG showed improvements in electrical power generation during both summer and winter days, while reducing the thermal power output. Overall, integrating thermoelectric generator modules into the CPVT system showed better energy utilization in terms of both electricity and heat.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Rohan Bhuiya, Niank Shah, Divanshu Arora, N. Vijay Krishna, S. Manikandan, C. Selvam, Ravita Lamba
Summary: This study proposes a technique to improve the energy efficiency of thermoelectric cooling systems by introducing phase change material in the heat sink. Computational studies show that the use of phase change material significantly reduces the hot side temperature of thermoelectric cooler, indicating the potential of phase change material for the thermal management of thermoelectric cooling systems.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE
(2022)
