Article
Cell Biology
Eliza J. R. Peterson, Aaron N. Brooks, David J. Reiss, Amardeep Kaur, Julie Do, Min Pan, Wei-Ju Wu, Robert Morrison, Vivek Srinivas, Warren Carter, Mario L. Arrieta-Ortiz, Rene A. Ruiz, Apoorva Bhatt, Nitin S. Baliga
Summary: The success of Mtb is attributed to its ability to adapt and withstand stresses in host microenvironments. The EGRIN 2.0 model reveals the dynamic interaction between environmental cues and regulatory programs in Mtb. Analysis of EGRIN 2.0 shows that modulation of the MtrAB signaling system regulates Mtb growth in response to host microenvironmental cues and affects cell division. Furthermore, MtrA decreases antibiotic effectiveness through intrinsic resistance and drug tolerance mechanisms. This study highlights the importance of MtrA as a drug target and demonstrates how EGRIN 2.0 facilitates the discovery and characterization of Mtb adaptation to specific microenvironments within the host.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Bilin Tao, Zhongqi Li, Yuting Wang, Jizhou Wu, Xinling Shi, Jinyan Shi, Qiao Liu, Jianming Wang
Summary: This study used whole-genome sequencing to assess the reproductive state of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) during within-host endogenous reactivated progression and analyzed the actual effects of ambient pollutants on endogenous reactivation. The results showed that exposure to PM10, PM2.5, SO2, and NO2 can accelerate the reproductive rate of MTB, promoting within-host endogenous reactivation. In contrast, O-3 exposure is negatively associated with the reproductive rate of MTB, inhibiting within-host endogenous activation.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Renata Plocinska, Karolina Wasik, Przemyslaw Plocinski, Ewelina Lechowicz, Magdalena Antczak, Ewelina Blaszczyk, Bozena Dziadek, Marcin Slomka, Anna Rumijowska-Galewicz, Jaroslaw Dziadek
Summary: This study investigates the role of the orphan response regulator Rv3143 in the physiology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium smegmatis. The results suggest that Rv3143 interacts with NuoD and modulates its activity. Deletion of Rv3143 and msmeg_2064 leads to increased sensitivity to reactive nitrogen species and valinomycin, as well as increased reduction of the electron acceptor TTC. Silencing of ndh expression affects cell survival under limited oxygen conditions.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Microbiology
Rhastin A. D. Castro, Sonia Borrell, Sebastien Gagneux
Summary: This review highlights recent research on how antimicrobial resistance evolves in MTBC populations within individual patients, discussing the role of heteroresistance and the factors that modulate its magnitude. It also focuses on the dynamics of MTBC genetic diversity within-host, including spatial substructures in patients' lungs and spatiotemporal heterogeneity in antimicrobial concentrations. The study notes the general characteristics shared between the evolution of MTBC and other bacterial pathogens in humans, while highlighting the unique characteristics of the MTBC.
FEMS MICROBIOLOGY REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Manita Yimcharoen, Sukanya Saikaew, Usanee Wattananandkul, Ponrut Phunpae, Sorasak Intorasoot, Chatchai Tayapiwatana, Bordin Butr-Indr
Summary: This study investigated the adaptive responses of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to isoniazid treatment using a multi-stress system. The expression of stressresponse and lipoarabinomannan-related genes were measured, revealing different adaptations between drug-resistant and drug-susceptible strains. The study demonstrates the complexity of mycobacterial adaptation and provides potential applications for tuberculosis treatment and monitoring in the future.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Qingyun Liu, Haican Liu, Li Shi, Mingyu Gan, Xiuqin Zhao, Liang-Dong Lyu, Howard E. Takiff, Kanglin Wan, Qian Gao
Summary: The study shows that Mycobacterium tuberculosis has adapted and diversified locally in the high-altitude Tibet region after sequential introductions of ancestral strains. Genetic evidence from the Tibetan population suggests unique mutations and positive selection in DNA repair enzymes, indicating adaptation to local environments in Tibet.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Li Wei, Kai Liu, Qingzhi Jia, Hui Zhang, Qingli Bie, Bin Zhang
Summary: Tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis remains a major health issue, as the bacteria can replicate and persist in host cells. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) play critical roles in regulating the host response against Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, with potential clinical implications for tuberculosis diagnosis and therapy development.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Uchenna Watson Waturuocha, M. S. Krishna, Vandana Malhotra, Narendra M. Dixit, Deepak Kumar Saini
Summary: This study investigates the impact of a specific polymorphism in PhoR of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, revealing that the mutation causes a survival disadvantage in host cells, explaining the low prevalence of the SNP in clinical strains. It highlights the importance of considering such SNPs in testing therapeutic and co-therapeutic methods to combat tuberculosis.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Siyuan Feng, Zhongsi Hong, Guoliang Zhang, Jiachen Li, Guo-Bao Tian, Haibo Zhou, Xi Huang
Summary: CRISPR interference was used to study the ppe31 gene in Mycobacterium marinum and Mycobacterium tuberculosis, revealing its role in resistance to acid medium, inflammatory mediator expression in infected macrophages, and host cell death. Deletion of ppe31 from both strains increased sensitivity to acid medium and decreased cell death in macrophages, indicating PPE31 as a virulence factor modulating innate immune responses to mycobacterial infection.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Elsa Anes, David Pires, Manoj Mandal, Jose Miguel Azevedo-Pereira
Summary: Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the causative agent of tuberculosis, has developed a unique strategy to establish infection and transmission by utilizing host macrophages to establish intracellular niches and induce long-term latency in granulomas. It eventually escapes from macrophages through necrotic cell death and triggers a strong inflammatory response, which is necessary for the progression from latency to active disease and transmission.
Article
Immunology
Wenmin Yang, Minqiang Liu, Xi Yu, Yu Huang, Jie Zeng, Yongdong Dai, Hongping Luo, Qinqin Huang, Lin Fan, Jianping Xie
Summary: The study identified the role of Rv1515c in the physiology and pathogenesis of mycobacterium, showing that it is a cell surface-associated protein that disrupts the cytokine profile and promotes endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptosis. Expression of Rv1515c in M. smegmatis enhanced resistance to various stressors and cellular survival within macrophages.
MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Vadim M. Gumerov, Luke E. Ulrich, Igor B. Zhulin
Summary: This study introduces a new version of the MiST database, MiST 4.0, which includes over 10,000 metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) and provides detailed protein representation and BioSample information. A new interface has been developed to allow users to seamlessly switch between genomes and MAGs.
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Shicheng Sun, Michael See, Hieu T. Nim, Kathleen Strumila, Elizabeth S. Ng, Alejandro Hidalgo, Mirana Ramialison, Philip Sutton, Andrew G. Elefanty, Sohinee Sarkar, Edouard G. Stanley
Summary: This study established a reliable model for M. abscessus infection using human pluripotent stem cell-derived macrophages. The model can be used to study pathogen-host interaction and drug discovery.
Review
Microbiology
Kasi Viswanatharaju Ruddraraju, Devesh Aggarwal, Zhong-Yin Zhang
Summary: Tuberculosis is an airborne infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and the treatment of drug-resistant TB requires therapeutic agents with novel mechanisms. Antivirulence, focusing on bacterial virulence factors, is an alternative strategy for treating diseases. Recent advances in understanding the roles of mPTPA and mPTPB in the pathogenesis of TB have been made, along with the discovery of potent, selective, and well-characterized small molecule inhibitors for these proteins in the past decade.
Review
Immunology
Alyssa Schami, M. Nurul Islam, John T. Belisle, Jordi B. Torrelles
Summary: Drug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis pose a threat to global public health and are difficult to treat. Limited research has been conducted on the changes in the cell envelope composition of drug-resistant strains and their impact on infection outcomes.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)