Article
Microbiology
Qin Yang, Yao Zhu, Stefan Schwarz, Lingli Wang, Wenyu Liu, Wenlin Yang, Tian Luan, Siguo Liu, Wanjiang Zhang
Summary: Tetracyclines are broad-spectrum antibiotics used in veterinary medicine and food animal production. This study identified tandem tetracycline resistance genes tet(61)-tet(58) on the novel plasmid pT4303, which can confer resistance to both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The presence of multiple tet genes on the same plasmid suggests a potential vehicle for the dissemination of tetracycline resistance genes.
VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yulin Fu, Yiqiang Chen, Dejun Liu, Dawei Yang, Zhihai Liu, Yingyu Wang, Jiayi Wang, Xueyang Wang, Xiangyue Xu, Xing Li, Junjia He, Junyao Jiang, Weishuai Zhai, Lingli Huang, Tao He, Xi Xia, Chang Cai, Yang Wang, Haiyang Jiang
Summary: The study found that tet(X4), tmexCD1-toprJ1, and other tigecycline resistance genes were more abundant in chicken feces, indicating a higher risk of TRG propagation in chicken feces. Positive correlations between ISCR2/IS26 and TRGs further demonstrated the potential transfer and mobilization of these resistance genes.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jannatul Rumky, Antonina Kruglova, Eveliina Repo
Summary: This study collected sludge samples from a local wastewater treatment plant in Finland to analyze the abundance and effectiveness of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) before and after ultrasonication treatment. The study found that some ARGs showed a decrease in abundance after ultrasonication, but complete elimination was not achieved. Additionally, the presence of class 1 integron (intl1) was observed as an indicator of antibiotic resistance and horizontal gene transmission.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Muhammad Farooq, Camilla Smoglica, Fausto Ruffini, Lidia Soldati, Fulvio Marsilio, Cristina E. Di Francesco
Summary: Antibiotic resistance is a complex and widespread problem that poses a threat to human and animal health. The distribution of resistant bacteria and their genes in poultry farms is a matter of concern globally, including in Italy. This study compares the distribution of resistance genes in litter samples from conventional and antibiotic-free broiler flocks, aiming to identify any influence of farming systems on the spread and maintenance of resistance determinants. The results show the presence of resistance genes in both farming systems, with higher positivity for tetracycline genes in antibiotic-free flocks.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Tao He, Rui-Cheng Wei, Lili Zhang, Lan Gong, Lei Zhu, Jili Gu, Yu-Lin Fu, Yang Wang, De-Jun Liu, Ran Wang
Summary: The emergence of high-level tigecycline resistance tet(X) variant genes poses a new transferable resistance crisis to food safety and human health, with these genes being widely present in samples from layer manures, soils, and lettuce. The detection rate of tet(X)/(X2) was the highest, and tet(X)/tet(X2) and tet(X3) were more abundant in manured soils and lettuce samples.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Yumeng Cheng, Yakun Li, Meng Yang, Yang He, Xinru Shi, Zhidan Zhang, Yesheng Zhong, Yuan Zhang, Hongbin Si
Summary: In this study, two MDR Acinetobacter indicus strains were analyzed and characterized. It was found that BDT201 carried three tet(X) variants, while BDT2076 carried multiple resistance genes. The continuous emergence of MDR bacteria and resistance genes is a global environmental health issue.
VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Fen Gao, Lihong Tu, Mingliang Chen, Hongyou Chen, Xi Zhang, Yuan Zhuang, Jiayuan Luo, Min Chen
Summary: The study investigated the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance profiles of Campylobacter strains collected in Shanghai from 2012 to 2019. The results showed high levels of resistance to ciprofloxacin, nalidixic acid, and tetracycline. Genotyping and resistance analysis of erythromycin-resistant isolates revealed a potential zoonotic transmission of erm(B) in Campylobacter. Continuous surveillance of erythromycin resistance dissemination is crucial for maintaining the effectiveness of antimicrobial therapy.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Kavita Yadav, Linnea Garoff, Douglas L. Huseby, Diarmaid Hughes
Summary: The study revealed significant phenotypic and genetic barriers to the fixation of additional RPP genes in E. coli, except for tet(Q).
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Qipeng Cheng, Yanchu Cheung, Chenyu Liu, Edward Wai Chi Chan, Kwok Yin Wong, Rong Zhang, Sheng Chen
Summary: In this study, essential residues in TetX variants that mediate the evolution of the tetecycline-inactive Tet(X2) enzyme to the active forms were identified. Based on their amino acid sequences and functional features, TetX variants were classified into three classes. Furthermore, the study showed the origin and transmission of different TetX variants, which may contribute to better clinical management of TetX-producing strains.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Satoshi Katada, Akira Fukuda, Chie Nakajima, Yasuhiko Suzuki, Takashi Azuma, Ayaka Takei, Hideshige Takada, Eiryu Okamoto, Toshihide Kato, Yutaka Tamura, Masaru Usui
Summary: Both aerobic composting (AC) and anaerobic digestion (AD) can significantly reduce the concentrations of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria (ARB) and antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs), but AD is more effective than AC. Although the majority of residual antimicrobials decrease after treatment, oxytetracycline levels remain unchanged in most cases.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ee Lean Thiang, Choon Yip Stanley Chai, Choon Weng Lee, Hideshige Takada, Ai Jun Wang, Lay Ching Chai, Chui Wei Bong
Summary: The indiscriminate use of antibiotics in aquaculture and leaching of antibiotics from aquaculture into the environment may lead to the emergence and spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and genes, which is a public concern. Investigations in waters from five marine aquaculture farms in Peninsular Malaysia revealed the presence of various tetracycline antibiotics and genes, with some bacteria carrying multiple tet genes. The detection of tetracycline in Matang posing a medium ecological risk to algae highlights the importance of closely monitoring antibiotic residues in aquaculture farms.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Wenguang Xiong, Jintao Yang, Jiaxiong Zeng, Danyu Xiao, Cuihong Tong, Zhenling Zeng
Summary: Duck farms are important sources of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) that spread to humans and the environment. This study explored the distribution characteristics and potential transmission mechanisms of ARGs in ducks, farm workers, and the environment. The findings suggest that duck manure is a potential hotspot source of ARGs, including tet(X) variants, which spread to the surrounding environment and workers via mobile genetic elements (MGEs). These results help optimize antimicrobial strategies and deepen our understanding of ARG spread in duck farms.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Camilla Smoglica, Muhammad Farooq, Fausto Ruffini, Fulvio Marsilio, Cristina Esmeralda Di Francesco
Summary: This study compared the microbiome composition and abundance of antimicrobial resistance genes in broiler litter samples from conventional and antibiotic-free flocks. The results suggest that antibiotic use can influence the frequency of resistance determinants and the microbial community in poultry flocks.
Article
Microbiology
Kai Peng, Qian Wang, Yan Li, Mianzhi Wang, Cemil Kurekci, Ruichao Li, Zhiqiang Wang
Summary: This study identified additional pathways of tigecycline resistance in environmental Enterobacterales besides tet(X) and tmexCD-toprJ. The most prevalent mechanisms for tigecycline resistance in the study strains were tet(A) mutations and ramR inactivation. The isolates showed resistance to a wide range of antimicrobials and carried various resistance genes.
MICROBIOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Rupert Bassitta, Annika Nottensteiner, Johann Bauer, Reinhard K. Straubinger, Christina S. Hoelzel
Summary: This study quantified the absolute concentrations and relative abundances of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes in manure from organic and conventional farms. The results showed that the relative abundances of AMR genes were higher in conventional farms compared to organic farms. The use of antibiotics was linked to the relative abundance of AMR genes. However, the absolute concentrations of AMR genes were comparable between fertilizers from organic and conventional farms.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Amlan Kumar Patra, Zhongtang Yu
Summary: Bacterial peptidases play important roles in health and nutrient digestion, especially in ruminant animals. This study examined and compared peptidases among species of Prevotella and Paraprevotella. Various types of peptidases were found, with metallopeptidases being the most predominant. The distribution of peptidases among species did not correlate with their phylogenetic relationship. These findings provide new insights into protein degradation mechanisms and could aid in improving dietary nitrogen utilization by ruminant animals.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Chenguang Zhang, Jun Zhang, Zhongtang Yu, Guilian Zhou, Junhu Yao
Summary: Supplementing calves with Saccharomyces cerevisiae products (SCP) can promote their growth, rumen development, and immunity. SCP supplementation increases ruminal short-chain fatty acid concentration, ruminal papilla height, and fiber digestibility, while also raising serum concentrations of total protein, IgA, and IgG and reducing fecal pathogen colony counts. SCP is more effective when supplemented to preweaning calves, and a dosage of 24 to 25 g/d may achieve the best overall effect.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Ayesha Shah, Parag Thite, Teressa Hansen, Bradley J. Kendall, David S. Sanders, Mark Morrison, Michael P. Jones, Gerald Holtmann
Summary: This study found a link between small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) and celiac disease (CeD) through a systematic review and meta-analysis. The prevalence of SIBO is higher in CeD patients, and antibiotic therapy for SIBO positive CeD patients leads to improvement in gastrointestinal symptoms.
JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Tansol Park, Lu Ma, Shengtao Gao, Dengpan Bu, Zhongtang Yu
Summary: This study investigated the direct effect of heat stress on the ruminal microbiota in lactating Holstein cows. Heat stress altered the structure of the microbiota, with an increase in Bacteroidetes and a decrease in Firmicutes. Some genera and co-occurrence were exclusively found in heat-stressed cows. The effects on ruminal microbiota were attributed to the direct effect of heat stress on host metabolism, physiology, and behavior.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Erin R. Shanahan, Seungha Kang, Heidi Staudacher, Ayesha Shah, Anh Do, Grace Burns, Veronique S. Chachay, Natasha A. Koloski, Simon Keely, Marjorie M. Walker, Nicholas J. Talley, Mark Morrison, Gerald J. Holtmann
Summary: This study indicates a link between duodenal microbiota, gastric emptying, and FD symptoms, and this link is largely independent of long-term dietary intake.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jonathon D. Gass, Robert J. Dusek, Jeffrey S. Hall, Gunnar Thor Hallgrimsson, Halldor Palmar Halldorsson, Solvi Runar Vignisson, Sunna Bjork Ragnarsdottir, Jon Einar Jonsson, Scott Krauss, Sook-San Wong, Xiu-Feng Wan, Sadia Akter, Srinand Sreevatsan, Nidia S. Trovao, Felicia B. Nutter, Jonathan A. Runstadler, Nichola J. Hill
Summary: IAV circulates among migratory birds in the Arctic and subarctic regions, connecting Europe and North America. Gulls in Iceland play a significant role in the transmission of the virus. These findings contribute to surveillance strategies for seasonal and emerging viruses with potential public health concerns.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Gina L. Trakman, Winnie Y. Y. Lin, Amy L. Hamilton, Amy L. Wilson-O'Brien, Annalise Stanley, Jessica Y. Ching, Jun Yu, Joyce W. Y. Mak, Yang Sun, Junkun Niu, Yinglei Miao, Xiaoqing Lin, Rui Feng, Minhu Chen, Nitin Shivappa, James R. Hebert, Mark Morrison, Siew C. Ng, Michael A. Kamm
Summary: This study examined the intake of processed foods and food additives in Crohn's disease (CD) patients and control groups from Australia, Hong Kong, and mainland China. The results showed that CD patients consumed more processed foods and food additives compared to the control groups, which may increase their susceptibility to CD development and ongoing inflammation.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Ayesha Shah, Seungha Kang, Nicholas J. Talley, Anh Do, Marjorie M. Walker, Erin R. Shanahan, Natasha A. Koloski, Michael P. Jones, Simon Keely, Mark Morrison, Gerald J. Holtmann
Summary: Patients with functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) often report intolerance to wheat products. This study compared various factors, including gastrointestinal symptoms, sensory function, psychiatric comorbidities, gut-homing immune cells, and duodenal mucosa-associated microbiome (d-MAM), between FGID patients and controls with and without self-reported wheat sensitivity (SR-NCWS). The results showed that anxiety, visceral sensory function, and specific bacterial taxa were associated with FGID, while gut-homing T-cells were associated with SR-NCWS. The study also found differences in the bacterial genera between the FGID subtypes and controls. Patients with FGID, with or without SR-NCWS, showed increased symptom response and anxiety scores compared to controls.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Ayesha Shah, Sahar Pakneeshan, Michael P. Jones, Natasha Koloski, Gavin Callaghan, Mark Morrison, Gerald Holtmann
Summary: Oral vancomycin treatment in PSC-UC patients achieves clinical remission without development of vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE).
INDIAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Samuel Chan, Carmel M. M. Hawley, Elaine M. M. Pascoe, Christopher Cao, Katrina L. L. Campbell, Scott B. B. Campbell, Ross S. S. Francis, Rachael Hale, Nicole M. M. Isbel, Mark Morrison, David W. W. Johnson
Summary: This study aims to assess the feasibility of prebiotic supplementation in reducing infections and gastrointestinal symptoms in kidney transplant recipients. Sixty recipients will be recruited for a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised trial to receive prebiotic therapy or placebo for 4-6 weeks. The outcomes will include recruitment, adherence, tolerance, laboratory parameters, quality of life, gastrointestinal symptoms, and clinical outcomes.
PILOT AND FEASIBILITY STUDIES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Md. Al Amin Sikder, Ridwan B. Rashid, Tufael Ahmed, Ismail Sebina, Daniel R. Howard, Md. Ashik Ullah, Muhammed Mahfuzur Rahman, Jason P. Lynch, Bodie Curren, Rhiannon B. Werder, Jennifer Simpson, Alec Bissell, Mark Morrison, Carina Walpole, Kristen J. Radford, Vinod Kumar, Trent M. Woodruff, Tan Hui Ying, Ayesha Ali, Gerard E. Kaiko, John W. Upham, Robert D. Hoelzle, Paraic O. Cuiv, Patrick G. Holt, Paul G. Dennis, Simon Phipps
Summary: Poor maternal diet during pregnancy increases the risk of severe lower respiratory infections (sLRIs) in infants. This study found that a maternal low-fiber diet (LFD) led to worsened LRI severity in mice offspring due to delayed recruitment of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) and disruption of regulatory T cell expansion in the lungs. The LFD altered the composition of the maternal milk and infant gut microbiome, resulting in reduced secretion of the DC growth factor Flt3L and impaired pDC hematopoiesis. However, therapy with propionate-producing bacteria or propionate supplementation restored gut Flt3L expression and pDC hematopoiesis, providing protection against sLRI.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Ayesha Shah, Veenaa Pakeerathan, Michael P. Jones, Purna C. Kashyap, Kate Virgo, Thomas Fairlie, Mark Morrison, Uday C. Ghoshal, Gerald J. Holtmann
Summary: This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the prevalence of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) in systemic sclerosis (SSc), as well as the risk factors and the effects on gastrointestinal symptoms. The study found that SIBO prevalence in SSc patients is 39.9%, with a 10-fold increased prevalence compared to controls. It also suggested that antimicrobial therapy should be considered for SSc patients with SIBO and diarrhea.
JOURNAL OF NEUROGASTROENTEROLOGY AND MOTILITY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
J. J. Jimenez Loayza, S. Kang, L. Schooth, J. J. Teh, A. de Klerk, E. K. Noon, J. Zhang, J. Hu, A. L. Hamilton, A. Wilson-O'Brien, G. L. Trakman, W. Lin, J. Ching, L. Or, J. J. Y. Sung, J. Yu, S. C. Ng, M. A. Kamm, M. Morrison
Summary: Food additives have been found to affect the microbial dysbiosis associated with Crohn's disease. Sodium sulfite and polysorbate 80 have inhibitory effects on beneficial bacteria, while polysorbate 80 and carboxymethylcellulose can drive changes in the CD mucosa-associated microbiota, leading to early disease recurrence.
Article
Microbiology
Shuwen Jin, Zhe Zhang, Gonghai Zhang, Bo He, Yilang Qin, Bin Yang, Zhongtang Yu, Jiakun Wang
Summary: In this study, we identified the heritable subsets of rumen bacteriota in Hu sheep that may affect the growth traits of young lambs. Maternal rumen bacteria could help predict the growth traits of the young offspring, and the inclusion of both maternal and offspring bacteria improved the accuracy of predictive models. Prevotellaceae bacteria played a key role in rumen fermentation and lamb growth performance.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Qiuju Wang, Yizhe Cui, Nagaraju Indugu, Juan J. Loor, Qianming Jiang, Zhongtang Yu, Linda Baker, Dipti Pitta, Zhaoju Deng, Chuang Xu
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the changes in ruminal microbiota in cows with and without ketosis during the early postpartum period and investigate their impact on disease risk. It was found that the relative abundance of certain bacteria in ketotic cows was positively correlated with the severity of ketosis and associated with increased production of acetyl coenzyme A and butyrate.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2023)