Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Toshiyuki Murase, Patchara Phuektes, Hiroichi Ozaki, Sunpetch Angkititrakul
Summary: Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) was found to be prevalent in Escherichia coli in chicken farms, as detected in chicken feces, carcass surface samples, and retail chicken meat samples. The isolates showed varying levels of resistance to different antimicrobials. It was observed that the qnrS gene is transferred horizontally through plasmids and can be co-selected with the use of TMP.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Wang Wen-jing, Wang Yi-fu, Jin Ya-jie, Song Wu-qiang, Lin Jia-meng, Zhang Yan, Tong Xin-ru, Tu Jian, Li Rui-chao, Li Tao
Summary: An extensively drug-resistant (XDR) Escherichia coli strain 258E was identified in an anal swab sample from a chicken farm in Anhui Province, China. The strain 258E carries an IncN plasmid pEC258-3, which contains multiple resistance genes and is highly similar to a plasmid found in Klebsiella pneumoniae. Conjugation experiments confirm the horizontal transferability of plasmid pEC258-3, posing a significant potential threat in animals, community, and hospital settings.
JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE AGRICULTURE
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Kwangwon Seo, Kyung-Hyo Do, Wan-Kyu Lee
Summary: This study investigated the molecular characteristics of fluoroquinolone-resistant E. coli isolates from suckling piglets with colibacillosis. The results showed that all isolates exhibited multi-drug resistance and mutations in quinolone resistance determining regions. Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes were also identified, along with other resistance genes and toxin genes.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Jacqueline Findlay, Roberto Sierra, Otavio Hallal Ferreira Raro, Marta Aires-de-Sousa, Diego O. Andrey, Patrice Nordmann
Summary: This study analysed a collection of E. coli strains harbouring acquired fosA genes and found high-level resistance to fosfomycin. The strains also carried other antibiotic resistance genes and were capable of transmission through conjugation.
JOURNAL OF GLOBAL ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Zhenbao Ma, Zhenling Zeng, Jiao Liu, Chang Liu, Yu Pan, Yanan Zhang, Yafei Li
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence of bla(NDM-5) in pigs and analyzed the molecular characteristics of NDM-5-producing Escherichia coli isolates in Guangdong province, China. The results revealed that bla(NDM-5) was found in IncX3 and IncHI2 plasmids, with IncHI2 plasmids containing a typical IncHI2 plasmid backbone region and a multiresistance region (MRR). Continued surveillance for the dissemination of bla(NDM-5) among food-producing animals is necessary to understand and control carbapenem resistance.
Article
Microbiology
Jessica Guzman-Otazo, Enrique Joffre, Jorge Agramont, Nataniel Mamani, Jekaterina Jutkina, Fredrik Boulund, Yue O. O. Hu, Daphne Jumilla-Lorenz, Anne Farewell, D. G. Joakim Larsson, Carl-Fredrik Flach, Volga Iniguez, Asa Sjoling
Summary: This study found that environmental bacterial communities from the highly contaminated La Paz River basin in Bolivia have the potential to transfer antibiotic resistance genes to Escherichia coli. The predominant plasmids in the transconjugants belonged to the incompatibility group N and were verified to be mobile. Interestingly, all transconjugants also acquired the class 1 integron intl1. Metal resistance genes were found to have a minor role in the spread of multidrug-resistant plasmids at the investigated sites.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Minh-Duy Phan, Kate M. Peters, Laura Alvarez Fraga, Steven C. Wallis, Steven J. Hancock, Nguyen Thi Khanh Nhu, Brian M. Forde, Michelle J. Bauer, David L. Paterson, Scott A. Beatson, Jeffrey Lipman, Mark A. Schembri
Summary: The plasmid-associated resistance gene, AAC (6')-Ib-cr, provides a selective advantage for the dissemination of Escherichia coli ST131, a highly antibiotic resistant clone. This gene, which inactivates the fluoroquinolone antibiotic ciprofloxacin, is present in over 70% of strains from the rapidly growing subgroup of multidrug resistant ST131. The presence of this gene gives ST131 an edge even in the presence of chromosomal FQ-resistance mutations.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Abimbola Olumide Adekanmbi, Olabisi Comfort Akinlabi, Adedolapo Victoria Olaposi
Summary: There is a rapid rise in the incidence of quinolone resistant bacteria in Nigeria. Most studies in Nigeria have focused on isolates from the clinical settings, with few focusing on isolates of environmental origin. This study aimed to investigate the antibiogram and carriage of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes by quinolone-resistant isolates obtained from a pool of cefotaxime-resistant Escherichia coli (E. coli) recovered from sewage leaking out of some surface-leaking sanitary sewers in a University community in Nigeria. The findings showed a high level of resistance to antibiotics and carriage of PMQR genes by quinolone-resistant E. coli obtained from the leaking sanitary sewers, suggesting a potential environmental and public health concern.
ARCHIVES OF MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Abdolrahman Khezri, Ekaterina Avershina, Rafi Ahmad
Summary: This study analyzed strains from Norwegian patients and found the IncFIB plasmid to be the most prevalent in both E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates, along with identifying certain plasmid-mediated antibiotic resistance genes. Hybrid assembly was used to more confidently locate plasmids and predict antibiotic resistance genes.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Samuel Lihan, Sai Y. Lee, Seng C. Toh, Sui S. Leong
Summary: The study investigated the distribution and characteristics of plasmid-mediated antibiotic-resistant E. coli in rivers and aquaculture farms, revealing a higher distribution of MAR in rivers compared to aquaculture environments. Results suggest that E. coli from riverbed sediments may serve as reservoirs for MAR bacteria.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Mehri Haeili, Hila Salehzeinali, Somayyeh Mirzaei, Zeinab Pishnian, Amin Ahmadi
Summary: This study investigated quinolone resistance determinants in Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli isolates from human and animal sources, showing a high prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes. The presence of PMQR genes in food-producing animal isolates is of great concern, indicating a widespread issue of antibiotic resistance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Ayush Pathak, Daniel C. Angst, Ricardo Leon-Sampedro, Alex R. Hall
Summary: Some bacterial resistance mechanisms can degrade antibiotics, potentially protecting neighboring susceptible cells. However, the effects of such mechanisms on bacterial communities of more than two species are not well understood. By conducting experiments on multispecies communities, we found that resistance in one species reduced antibiotic inhibition of other species, but the extent of benefit varied among species.
Article
Microbiology
Christa Ewers, Anno de Jong, Ellen Prenger-Berninghoff, Farid El Garch, Ursula Leidner, Sumeet K. Tiwari, Torsten Semmler
Summary: Livestock animals may serve as a significant source of ESBL/pAmpC E. coli contamination for humans. Analysis of Escherichia spp. isolates from healthy livestock fecal samples revealed a variety of ESBL/pAmpC types, with the majority of genes located on plasmids, indicating the potential dissemination of cephalosporin resistance genes through globally successful plasmid lineages in livestock.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nabi Jomehzadeh, Morteza Saki, Khadijeh Ahmadi, Golshan Zandi
Summary: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of quinolone resistance and the presence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes among extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli isolates. The results showed a high resistance rate to nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin among ESBL-producing isolates. The most frequent PMQR gene was aac(6')-Ib-cr variant. The coexistence of aac(6')-Ib-cr variant and qnrB was the most widely distributed genotype among quinolone resistance isolates.
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Hakon Kaspersen, Thomas H. A. Haverkamp, Hanna Karin Ilag, Oivind Oines, Camilla Sekse, Jannice Schau Slettemeas
Summary: Using long-read sequencing on a MinION device and analysis with the MOB-suite pipeline, the genome sequences of 12 quinolone-resistant Escherichia coli strains containing qnrS1 were successfully assembled, with six of them closed after hybrid assembly.
MICROBIOLOGY RESOURCE ANNOUNCEMENTS
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Alessandra Carattoli, Gabriele Arcari, Giulia Bibbolino, Federica Sacco, Dario Tomolillo, Federica Maria Di Lella, Maria Trancassini, Luigi Faino, Mario Venditti, Guido Antonelli, Giammarco Raponi
Summary: A study conducted in a university hospital in Rome, Italy identified multiple CZA-resistant KPC-3 protein variants, including novel variants that had not been reported before. These variants showed different sensitivities and activities to antibiotics, possibly due to mutations caused by amino acid substitutions, insertions, and deletions.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Infectious Diseases
Gabriele Arcari, Alessandra Oliva, Federica Sacco, Federica Maria Di Lella, Giammarco Raponi, Dario Tomolillo, Ambrogio Curtolo, Mario Venditti, Alessandra Carattoli
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate ceftazidime-avibactam resistant and susceptible Klebsiella pneumoniae strains isolated from a patient with SARS-CoV2. The patient's condition, antimicrobial therapies, and microbiological data were collected. The study found the presence of highly conserved ST2502 strains producing KPC-31 and KPC-3, selected by CZA and carbapenem treatments, respectively, in the patient.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY & INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Marco Falcone, Giusy Tiseo, Gabriele Arcari, Alessandro Leonildi, Cesira Giordano, Sara Tempini, Giulia Bibbolino, Roberto Mozzo, Simona Barnini, Alessandra Carattoli, Francesco Menichetti
Summary: From November 2020 to March 2021, hvKp was isolated in 36 COVID-19 patients, with 80.6% developing infections including bloodstream infections, ventilator-associated pneumonias, and complicated urinary tract infections. The majority of infections were caused by ST147 strains carrying multiple resistance genes. The 30-day mortality rate among infected patients was 48.3%.
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Daniela Fortini, Slawomir Owczarek, Anna Maria Dionisi, Claudia Lucarelli, Sergio Arena, Alessandra Carattoli, Laura Enter Net Italia Colistin Resistance Study Grp, Laura Villa, Aurora Garcia-Fernandez
Summary: This study analyzed a collection of Salmonella enterica strains collected in Italy over a 3-year period. The prevalence of colistin-resistant strains was determined, and mobile colistin resistance (mcr) genes were detected. Additionally, chromosomal mutations potentially involved in colistin resistance were identified. The study highlights the importance of national surveillance in monitoring colistin resistance and studying new mechanisms.
Editorial Material
Microbiology
Patricia A. Bradford, Robert A. Bonomo, Karen Bush, Alessandra Carattoli, Michael Feldgarden, Daniel H. Haft, Yoshikazu Ishii, George A. Jacoby, William Klimke, Timothy Palzkill, Laurent Poirel, Gian Maria Rossolini, Pranita D. Tamma, Cesar A. Arias
Summary: The inconsistent assignment of names to beta-lactamase variants has caused confusion in published literature. The widespread use of whole genome sequencing has led to a rapid increase in the number of new beta-lactamase genes. In November 2021, an international group of beta-lactamase experts met virtually to establish a consensus on the naming of naturally-occurring beta-lactamase genes. This document formalizes the process for naming novel beta-lactamases and their subsequent publication.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Federica Sacco, Giammarco Raponi, Alessandra Oliva, Giulia Bibbolino, Vera Mauro, Federica Maria Di Lella, Lorenzo Volpicelli, Guido Antonelli, Mario Venditti, Alessandra Carattoli, Gabriele Arcari
Summary: The spread of extremely-drug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae, mediated by high-risk clones, poses a major health threat worldwide. This study analyzed an outbreak of NDM-1 metallo-beta-lactamase-producing K. pneumoniae and studied the global spread of NDM variants and their association with 16RMTases. The findings suggest that aminoglycosides may have a limited future as a second-line treatment against NDM-producing K. pneumoniae.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Giulia Pilla, Gabriele Arcari, Christoph M. Tang, Alessandra Carattoli
Summary: This study found that plasmid maintenance genes are highly stable pINV-encoded elements in different strains of S. flexneri. The researchers also developed a plasmid multilocus sequence typing (pMLST) method based on different combinations of alleles of certain genes, which can classify pINV plasmids into distinct "virulence sequence types" (vSTs). Furthermore, the study suggests an intimate co-evolution of pINV with the chromosome of its bacterial host based on phylogenetic analysis. The findings demonstrate the potential of plasmid maintenance loci as genetic characteristics for studying the molecular phylogenesis of S. flexneri pINV and the phylogenetic relationship between this plasmid and its bacterial host.
MICROBIAL GENOMICS
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Gabriele Arcari, Alessandra Carattoli
Summary: The life span of people in developed countries is growing rapidly, thanks to the extensive use of antibiotics in clinical practice over the past seven decades. Meanwhile, the rapid growth of the population in low and middle income countries has led to the spread of commensal bacteria transmitted through human contact. The boundaries between multidrug-resistance and hypervirulence in Klebsiella pneumoniae clones are fading away, raising concerns.
PATHOGENS AND GLOBAL HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
A. Oliva, D. Al Ismail, G. Arcari, MC. Miele, E. Casali, F. Sacco, L. Volpicelli, M. De Angelis, M. T. Mascellino, F. Cancelli, G. Raponi, A. Carattoli, M. Venditti
Summary: This study describes the clinical characteristics of patients infected with Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (KPC-Kp) and explores the in vitro activity of fosfomycin-containing combinations. The results show that the combination of fosfomycin and meropenem exhibits synergistic activity in 40% of cases, suggesting it as a valuable therapeutic option for KPC variants.
JOURNAL OF GLOBAL ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Valerio Capitani, Gabriele Arcari, Alessandra Oliva, Federica Sacco, Gaia Menichincheri, Linda Fenske, Riccardo Polani, Giammarco Raponi, Guido Antonelli, Alessandra Carattoli
Summary: This article reports a four-patient outbreak caused by Providencia stuartii in a hospital in Rome. Phenotypic analysis and whole-genome sequencing revealed highly related strains with XDR characteristics. The strains carried various virulence factors and resistance genes, which were found on plasmids similar to those found in previous Klebsiella pneumoniae strains in the same hospital. The emergence of XDR P. stuartii strains poses a significant public health threat, and monitoring their spread and developing new control and treatment strategies is crucial.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Valeria Russini, Maria Letizia Giancola, Grazia Brunetti, Carmela Calbi, Elena Anzivino, Carla Nisii, Lucia Scaramella, Anna Maria Dionisi, Francesca Faraglia, Marina Selleri, Laura Villa, Sarah Lovari, Maria Laura De Marchis, Teresa Bossu, Francesco Vairo, Adolfo Pagnanelli, Emanuele Nicastri
Summary: Despite the global cholera outbreaks, returning European travelers have only reported few cases. The study presents a case of a 41-year-old male returning to Italy from Bangladesh with watery diarrhea. The patient's stools were tested positive for Vibrio cholerae and norovirus. Whole genome sequencing and bioinformatics analysis revealed the strain belonged to ST69 and was related to a 2018 outbreak in Dhaka, Bangladesh. The multidisciplinary approach adopted ensured rapid and accurate diagnosis, clinical management, and epidemiological investigation.
TROPICAL MEDICINE AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Gabriele Arcari, Riccardo Polani, Stefania Santilli, Valerio Capitani, Federica Sacco, Francesco Bruno, Aurora Garcia-Fernandez, Giammarco Raponi, Laura Villa, Giuseppe Gentile, Alessandra Carattoli
Summary: In 2021, Klebsiella pneumoniae ST307 strains causing pulmonary and bloodstream infections in a hospital in Rome, Italy, exhibited high levels of resistance to ceftazidime-avibactam (CZA). One of these strains showed resistance to both CZA and carbapenems and carried two copies of bla(KPC-3) and one copy of bla(KPC-31) on plasmid pKpQIL.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Ama Szmolka, Akos Gellert, Dora Szemerits, Fanni Rapcsak, Sandor Spisak, Andras Adorjan
Summary: Plasmids carrying high-risk resistance mechanisms in pathogenic E. coli, especially the colistin resistance gene mcr-1, have gained attention in veterinary medicine. This study provides evidence of the emergence of mcr-1 in a multi-resistant avian pathogenic E. coli strain from waterfowl in Hungary, and describes its complete plasmid sequence. The results show that the mcr-1 plasmid in the Hungarian duck strain has a high genome identity with IncX4 type plasmids found in human, animal, and food reservoirs of enteric bacteria. The study emphasizes the importance of continuous surveillance of high-risk antimicrobial resistance genotypes, including neglected animals like waterfowl, as possible reservoirs for the colistin resistance gene mcr-1.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Federica Sacco, Giammarco Raponi, Alessandra Oliva, Giulia Bibbolino, Vera Mauro, Federica Maria Di Lella, Lorenzo Volpicelli, Guido Antonelli, Mario Venditti, Alessandra Carattoli, Gabriele Arcari
Summary: The spread of extremely-drug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae is a major global health threat, with high-risk clones playing a key role. It was found that New Delhi metallo (NDM) is often associated with 16S rRNA methyltransferases (16RMTases), both of which are spreading in K. pneumoniae.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
(2022)