Review
Veterinary Sciences
David Graham, Simon J. More, Padraig O'Sullivan, Elizabeth Lane, Damien Barrett, Jose-Maria Lozano, Hans-Hermann Thulke, Sharon Verner, Maria Guelbenzu
Summary: The mandatory Irish national BVD eradication program started in 2013, with ear notch tissue collected from newborn calves for testing, and key decisions made by industry groups. Efforts to control the virus have led to a decrease in prevalence to 0.55% by the end of 2020, with plans to seek EU recognition by 2023.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Sandie Arnoux, Fabrice Bidan, Alix Damman, Etienne Petit, Sebastien Assie, Pauline Ezanno
Summary: A study comparing three different French cattle farming systems found that the impact and efficiency of BVD vaccination depend on herd characteristics, with rewards and economic impacts varying among different breeds.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Maria P. Guelbenzu-Gonzalo, Jose-Maria Lozano, Padraig O'Sullivan, Elizabeth A. Lane, David A. Graham
Summary: In Ireland, an industry-led compulsory eradication programme for bovine viral diarrhoea (BVD) began in 2013, focusing on identifying and eliminating persistently infected calves, implementing biosecurity, and continuous surveillance. Investigations in herds with positive results aim to identify sources of infection, resolve BVD status of all animals, and agree on biosecurity measures. Recommendations commonly relate to risks associated with contact with neighbouring cattle, personnel, cattle purchases, and vaccination, aiming to minimize reintroduction risks.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Andrea Franziska Huser, Jessica Grace Schaer, Claudia Bachofen, Elena de Martin, Jasmine Portmann, Hanspeter Stalder, Matthias Schweizer
Summary: Bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) and Border disease virus (BDV) are closely related pestiviruses affecting cattle and sheep, respectively. Switzerland initiated a program to eradicate BVD in cattle in 2008, leading to a significant decrease in BVDV seroprevalence in cattle and transmission to sheep. Despite the persistent presence of BDV in sheep, the BVD eradication program in cattle has partially benefited the overall population.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Lina Cristancho-Fajardo, Elisabeta Vergu, Gael Beaunee, Sandie Arnoux, Pauline Ezanno
Summary: Considering farmers' dynamic decision-making is important for understanding disease propagation. Obtaining information from geographic neighbors seems to be more effective in controlling bovine viral diarrhea.
VETERINARY RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Microbiology
Caitlin A. Evans, Michael P. Reichel
Summary: Bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) is an economically important virus in domestic cattle, with control and eradication programmes developed but still facing risks of incursion into previously cleared herds. Cross-species transmission to non-bovine animals poses a potential challenge to successful control and eradication efforts.
Article
Virology
Chengyuan Ji, Yao Zhang, Ruini Sun, Jiale Ma, Zihao Pan, Huochun Yao
Summary: A bovine enterovirus (BEV) strain causing severe diarrhea in cattle, designated as HB19-1, was isolated and characterized in this study. Although challenged ICR mice did not show typical disease symptoms, significant pathological damage was observed in the lungs, intestines, and muscle tissues. It is important to reinforce epidemiological surveillance of this virus to control its spread.
Review
Microbiology
Widi Nugroho, Risma Juniarti Paulina Silitonga, Michael Philipp Reichel, Sri Handayani Irianingsih, Muhammad Satryo Wicaksono
Summary: This review provides an update on the epidemiology of Bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) in Indonesia and Southeast Asia, with a focus on control options for BVDV in the Indonesian cattle population. The study reveals that BVDV is endemic in 10 out of 34 provinces in Indonesia, with the predominant subgenotypes being BVDV-1a and BVDV-1c. However, BVDV is currently not considered a priority disease for control in Indonesia. The review highlights the need for additional measures to control BVDV transmission, particularly in relation to imported cattle from Australia.
Article
Microbiology
Laura Gallina, Michel C. Koch, Arcangelo Gentile, Ida Treglia, Cristiano Bombardi, Luciana Mandrioli, Marilena Bolcato, Alessandra Scagliarini, Cord Drogemuller, Torsten Seuberlich, Sara Ciulli
Summary: This study reported an outbreak of BVDV in a naive Holstein dairy herd in northern Italy, leading to an unusually high prevalence of calves with neurological signs and hypomyelination. Virological and molecular analyses identified non-cytopathic BVDV genotype 1b as the cause of the disease in calves, with genetic variability and host factors contributing to the unique disease phenotype characterized by hypomyelination and neurological signs. Whole-genome sequencing revealed high sequence identity between BVDVs from affected calves, with variation rates in the E1 and E2 regions.
VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Geography
Orla Shortall, Adam Calo
Summary: This study explores the governance of schemes to eradicate bovine viral diarrhoea in the UK and Ireland. Despite the novel industry-led design, new governance mechanisms for ensuring compliance have not yet been established, leading to potential challenges in compliance and legitimacy.
JOURNAL OF RURAL STUDIES
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Ninnet Gomez-Romero, Carlos F. Arias, Antonio Verdugo-Rodriguez, Susana Lopez, Luis Fernando Valenzuela-Moreno, Carlos Cedillo-Pelaez, Francisco Javier Basurto-Alcantara
Summary: Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is a significant viral pathogen in ruminants, causing a wide range of clinical manifestations and economic losses in the beef and dairy industries. Traditional vaccines have limitations, leading to research on subunit vaccines as a viable alternative for BVDV protection.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Virology
Chun-Yu Liu, Hao Guo, Hong-Zhe Zhao, Li-Na Hou, Yong-Jun Wen, Feng-Xue Wang
Summary: In this study, we optimized the genetic coding, constructed a genetic engineering vector vaccine, and successfully induced specific neutralizing antibodies against BVDV-1 in immunized guinea pigs and calves, demonstrating the great potential of BoHV-1 gE/E2-Linker-E2(+) and BoHV-1 Delta gE in preventing BVDV-1 and BoHV-1 infections.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Omer Baris Ince, Alparslan Ayaz
Summary: This study aimed to determine the seropositivity and associated risk factors of BVDV infection in the dairy cattle population in the Aegean Region of Turkey. BVDV infection was found to be positively correlated with age, common pasture use with small ruminants, the use of natural insemination, and history of respiratory and/or reproduction problems. The results showed that BVDV infection is common in dairy herds in the Aegean Region, and a risk assessment would aid the implementation of a voluntary control programme for BVDV in this region.
TROPICAL ANIMAL HEALTH AND PRODUCTION
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Anahita Emadi, Lida Abdolmohammadi Khiav, Mohsen Lotfi, Sina Soleimani, Maryam Dadar
Summary: Bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) infection is a widespread animal disease that causes various health issues. The current gold standard method for detecting BVDV has limitations, leading to the development of an in-house ELISA system with high accuracy and reliability.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGICAL METHODS
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Malgorzata D. Klimowicz-Bodys, Katarzyna Ploneczka-Janeczko, Michal Czopowicz, Miroslaw Pawel Polak, Agnieszka Lachowicz-Wolak, Krzysztof Rypula
Summary: The study demonstrates that a single dose of commercial modified-live virus vaccine can stimulate a continuous, high, and stable antibody response in dairy cows against bovine viral diarrhea, indicating its effectiveness in inducing a strong immune response.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Claudia Blakebrough-Hall, Paul Hick, T. J. Mahony, Luciano A. Gonzalez
Summary: Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in cattle feedlots. This study aimed to explore factors associated with BRD case fatality in feedlot cattle. The results showed that animals that died from BRD had lower average daily gain, reduced weight at first BRD pull, higher visual BRD scores, and received more treatments for BRD compared to those that survived. Additionally, the odds of being seronegative for BVDV-1 and having a positive BCoV nasal swab result were higher in animals that died compared to those that survived.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bao Tram L. Hoang, Stephen J. Fletcher, Christopher A. Brosnan, Amol B. Ghodke, Narelle Manzie, Neena Mitter
Summary: RNA interference (RNAi) is a powerful tool utilized for crop protection, with spray-induced gene silencing (SIGS) being a non-transgenic approach that relies on double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) for inducing RNAi. However, challenges in efficiency arise in plants and insects, where mechanisms of dsRNA uptake and movement through plant tissues need to be thoroughly investigated for effective delivery.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Onkar Nath, Stephen J. Fletcher, Alice Hayward, Lindsay M. Shaw, Ardashir Kharabian Masouleh, Agnelo Furtado, Robert J. Henry, Neena Mitter
Summary: The study presents a chromosome-level genome assembly of the commercial avocado cultivar Hass, offering valuable insights into the genetic characteristics and biosynthetic pathways of avocados. Analysis of the genome revealed specific features of heptose biosynthesis in avocados and highlighted the importance of endoglucanase genes in fruit ripening. The genome also identified unique genes in avocado and related species, providing a foundation for the development of elite avocado varieties in the future.
HORTICULTURE RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Stephen J. Fletcher, Jonathan R. Peters, Cristian Olaya, Denis M. Persley, Ralf G. Dietzgen, Bernard J. Carroll, Hanu Pappu, Neena Mitter
Summary: Tospoviruses infect crops worldwide and plants use RNA interference (RNAi) to defend against them. However, high levels of virus-derived small-interfering RNAs (vsiRNAs) can still be detected in infected plants. Additionally, the host species produces virus-activated small interfering RNAs (vasiRNAs) that can modulate gene expression, except in a specific accession of N. benthamiana.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Billy O'Donohue, Jayeni Hiti-Bandaralage, Madeleine Gleeson, Chris O'Brien, Maggie-Anne Harvey, Antony van der Ent, Katherine Pinto Irish, Neena Mitter, Alice Hayward
Summary: A protocol was established for in vitro micropropagation of the Se hyperaccumulator Neptunia amplexicaulis, showing potential for Se phytoextraction applications.
NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jonatan Nino-Sanchez, Prabhakaran T. Sambasivam, Anne Sawyer, Rachael Hamby, Angela Chen, Elizabeth Czislowski, Peng Li, Narelle Manzie, Donald M. Gardiner, Rebecca Ford, Zhi Ping Xu, Neena Mitter, Hailing Jin
Summary: Spray-induced gene silencing (SIGS) is a promising tool for controlling fungal plant diseases. Delivering dsRNA as BioClay can enhance RNA durability on plants and prolong its protection against fungal pathogens. This research represents a major step forward for the adoption of SIGS as an eco-friendly alternative to traditional fungicides.
JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Jiaxi Yong, Miaomiao Wu, Run Zhang, Shengnan Bi, Christopher W. G. Mann, Neena Mitter, Bernard J. Carroll, Zhi Ping Xu
Summary: This study demonstrates that layered double hydroxide nanoparticles can quickly penetrate plant leaf cells and chloroplasts, delivering small interfering RNA to downregulate targeted genes. This has significant implications for plant protection against viruses and understanding gene function.
Article
Plant Sciences
Rebecca M. Degnan, Alistair R. McTaggart, Louise S. Shuey, Leny Jane S. Pame, Grant R. Smith, Donald M. Gardiner, Volker Nock, Rebecca Soffe, Sarah Sale, Ashley Garrill, Bernard J. Carroll, Neena Mitter, Anne Sawyer
Summary: Rust fungi are a diverse group of plant pathogens that pose threats to the diversity of native flora and cause crop yield losses. RNA interference induced by exogenous dsRNA has potential for managing rust fungi. Targeting key genes with exogenous dsRNA significantly reduces germination and development of infection structures in rust fungi, and has broad applicability.
MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Virology
Rebecca K. Ambrose, Claudia Blakebrough-Hall, Jennifer L. Gravel, Luciano A. Gonzalez, Timothy J. Mahony
Summary: Metagenomics was used to sequence viral nucleic acids in the nasal swabs of BRD-affected cattle, revealing several viruses associated with the disease. Some of these viruses were well-known (bovine viral diarrhoea virus 1), while others were not fully characterised (bovine coronavirus) or previously unreported in BRD-affected cattle in Australia (bovine rhinitis, bovine influenza D, and bovine nidovirus). A case-control study found a significant association between the presence of at least one virus and BRD. Full genome sequences for bovine coronavirus and bovine nidovirus were completed, shedding light on their roles in the disease.
Review
Agronomy
Yuxin Xue, Jayeni Chathurika Amarathunga Hiti-Bandaralage, Neena Mitter
Summary: Duboisia is a crucial source of alkaloids, extracted from Australian native woody species of the Solanaceae family. Hybrids between Duboisia myoporoides R. Br. and D. leichhardtii F. Muell. have become the commercial crop, but cutting propagation has been a challenge for industry expansion. Micropropagation offers an efficient and sustainable alternative for Duboisia clonal propagation, providing a faster and cleaner propagation avenue for elite propagules.
Article
Plant Sciences
Muhammad Umair Ahsan, Francois Barbier, Alice Hayward, Rosanna Powell, Helen Hofman, Siegrid Carola Parfitt, John Wilkie, Christine Anne Beveridge, Neena Mitter
Summary: This study investigated the potential molecular cues regulating the yearly flowering cycle in avocado for two consecutive crop cycles. Homologues of flowering-related genes were identified and assessed for their expression profiles. The study found that avocado homologues of known floral genes were upregulated at the typical time of floral induction.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
H. J. Lamb, L. T. Nguyen, T. E. Briody, R. K. Ambrose, B. J. Hayes, T. J. Mahony, E. M. Ross
Summary: This study demonstrates that Nanopore sequencing can be used for both rapid genotyping and disease diagnosis using the same sample, combining routine genotyping and disease detection into one cost-competitive test with a rapid turnaround time.
ANIMAL PRODUCTION SCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Christopher W. G. Mann, Anne Sawyer, Donald M. Gardiner, Neena Mitter, Bernard J. Carroll, Andrew L. Eamens
Summary: The conflict between the need to conserve natural ecosystems and to feed an expanding population is driving the demand for more ecologically sustainable pathogen control measures. RNA-based biopesticides offer an eco-friendly alternative to conventional fungicides for crop protection. The development of pathogen-specific RNAi-inducing sprays and the understanding of gene silencing pathways in plants and fungi are crucial for the success of this technology.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biology
Rebecca M. Degnan, Louise S. Shuey, Julian Radford-Smith, Donald M. Gardiner, Bernard J. Carroll, Neena Mitter, Alistair R. Mctaggart, Anne Sawyer
Summary: Double-stranded RNA acts both preventatively and curatively against myrtle rust disease in perennial plants. Spray treatment reduces disease coverage and improves long-term plant health, offering a solution to long-standing myrtle rust epidemics.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Ritesh G. Jain, Stephen J. Fletcher, Narelle Manzie, Karl E. Robinson, Peng Li, Elvin Lu, Christopher A. Brosnan, Zhi Ping Xu, Neena Mitter
Summary: Foliar spray of double-stranded RNA carried on clay particles or BioClay can effectively disrupt multiple life stages of whitefly in crop hosts. The use of adjuvants enhances the uptake and movement of foliar-applied dsRNA. By delivering the dsRNA as a BioClay spray, it improves protection against immature insect stages and shows potential for complete life cycle control of whitefly and possibly other pests.