Review
Immunology
Amin Khoshbayan, Fateme Taheri, Majid Taati Moghadam, Zahra Chegini, Aref Shariati
Summary: Previous studies have linked Chlamydia pneumoniae (Cpn) infection to atherosclerosis, with recent research pointing to the importance of Cpn in atherosclerotic lesions through various mechanisms. However, inconsistent and contradictory findings exist in the literature. The bacterium is suggested to cause atherosclerosis by inducing phenotypic changes in smooth muscle cells, dysregulation of endothelin-1, and releasing pro-inflammatory cytokines from Toll-like receptor-2 (TLR2).
MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Simon Kraler, Florian A. Wenzl, Georgios Georgiopoulos, Slayman Obeid, Luca Liberale, Arnold von Eckardstein, Olivier Muller, Francois Mach, Lorenz Raeber, Sylvain Losdat, Martin O. Schmiady, Konstantinos Stellos, Kimon Stamatelopoulos, Giovanni G. Camici, Annie Srdic, Francesco Paneni, Alexander Akhmedov, Thomas F. Luescher
Summary: sLOX-1 is associated with fatal events and plaque progression in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS). Increased sLOX-1 levels predict mortality risk and coronary plaque progression beyond traditional risk factors.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Jiaxing Ding, Huili Li, Wei Liu, Xuehua Wang, Yu Feng, Hongquan Guan, Zhijian Chen
Summary: The study found that serum exosomes from patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI-Exo) could promote the formation of foam cells in macrophages and accelerate the progression of atherosclerosis. The expression of miR-186-5p in AMI-Exo was downregulated and showed high diagnostic performance for AMI. miR-186-5p directly inhibited LOX-1, and its deficiency increased lipid accumulation, while miR-186-5p mimics had the opposite effect.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NANOMEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Akanksha Tomar, Sibasis Sahoo, Muthusankar Aathi, Shobhan Kuila, Mohd Azeem Khan, Guru Raj Rao Ravi, Jeyakanthan Jeyaraman, Jawahar L. Mehta, Kottayil I. Varughese, Arulandu Arockiasamy
Summary: This study identifies two druggable sites of lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) receptor 1 (LOX-1) and shortlists small molecules targeting these sites. Experimental results show that four of the selected molecules bind to LOX-1 receptor with high affinity. The findings suggest that LOX-1 can be targeted with small molecules, providing strategies to identify novel inhibitors for attenuating ox-LDL - LOX-1 interaction.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Rusan Catar, Lei Chen, Hongfan Zhao, Dashan Wu, Julian Kamhieh-Milz, Christian Luecht, Daniel Zickler, Alexander W. Krug, Christian G. Ziegler, Henning Morawietz, Janusz Witowski
Summary: Atherosclerotic artery disease is a major global cause of death and healthcare burden. This study analyzes the effects of native LDL and oxidized LDL on the expression of their receptors in endothelial cells. The results show that native LDL mainly signals through LDLR receptors, while oxidized LDL mainly signals through LOX-1 receptors, and both engage different signaling pathways involving ERK1/2, p38, AP-1, and NF-kappa B transcription factors.
Article
Immunology
Xiaohua Wu, Bei Cheng, Xiaojuan Guo, Qinqin Wu, Shan Sun, Ping He
Summary: The biochemical mechanisms of Chlamydia pneumoniae (Cpn)-induced foam cell formation in early atherosclerosis involve upregulation of SR-A1 and ACAT1, as well as downregulation of ABCA1/G1 expression by both PPAR alpha and PPAR gamma pathways.
MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Layal El-Hajjar, Judy Hindieh, Rana Andraos, Marwan El-Sabban, Jalil Daher
Summary: Cardiovascular disease caused by atherosclerosis is a major cause of death worldwide. This study explores the role of oxidized LDL and the LOX-1 scavenger receptor in endothelial dysfunction and inflammation, providing insight into the pathways involved in atherosclerosis progression.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Valter Lubrano, Silvana Balzan, Angela Papa
Summary: Atherosclerosis is a major cause of cerebral infarction and other ischemic cardio-cerebrovascular diseases. Despite the benefits of lipid-lowering therapies, many patients who have achieved their lipid-lowering goals still face a high risk of cardiovascular disease. LOX-1, a scavenger receptor that accepts oxidized low-density lipoproteins, plays a crucial role in atherosclerosis progression. Other factors such as cytokines, shear stress, and advanced glycation end-products can also affect LOX-1 expression. The OLR1 gene, encoding LOX-1, has different isoforms induced by splicing or single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), which can have varying effects on atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. Understanding these variants can lead to the development of new preventive therapies and the identification of individuals at a higher risk of cardiovascular events.
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Rajshekhar A. Kore, Ashim K. Bagchi, Kottayil Varughese, Jawahar L. Mehta
Summary: In this review, we focus on the newly studied and developed LOX-1 inhibitors that may have potential for treating diseases characterized by LOX-1 activation.
FUTURE MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Torben Mentrup, Florencia Cabrera-Cabrera, Bernd Schroeder
Summary: The LOX-1 receptor plays a crucial role in atherosclerosis, promoting oxLDL uptake and signaling cascade leading to foam cell formation. Proteolysis acts as a regulatory mechanism for LOX-1 function, generating cleavage products with different biological functions and potential diagnostic value.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Integrative & Complementary Medicine
Yao Si-jie, Lan Tao-hua, Zhang Xin-yu, Zeng Qiao-huang, Xu Wen-jing, Li Xiao-qing, Huang Gui-bao, Liu Tong, Lyu Wei-hui, Jiang Wei
Summary: This review summarizes the research progress of LOX-1 and its relation to atherosclerosis (AS), and further examines the anti-AS effects of 10 active components of herbal medicine through LOX-1 regulation. LOX-1 targeted therapy may offer a promising and novel approach for prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis.
CHINESE JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Li Yan, Qingling Jia, Hui Cao, Chuan Chen, Sanli Xing, Yan Huang, Dingzhu Shen
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the mechanism by which fisetin improves atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. Results showed that fisetin treatment reduced AS plaque and lipid accumulation, as well as downregulated the expression of PCSK9, LOX-1, p53, p21, and p16.
EXPERIMENTAL AND THERAPEUTIC MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zhiwen Wang, Juan Chen, Zhuanglin Zeng, Qing Zhang, Gaohui Du, Xiaopeng Guo, Yumiao Wei
Summary: In this study, the researchers investigated whether ectopic expression of LOX-1 receptor in the liver could eliminate circulating Ox-LDL and prevent its deposition in the vascular wall, thereby alleviating the progression of atherosclerosis.
MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
M. Murdocca, C. De Masi, S. Pucci, R. Mango, G. Novelli, C. Di Natale, F. Sangiuolo
Summary: Recent studies have demonstrated a strong correlation between metabolic disorders, tumor onset, and progression, leading to the exploration of new therapeutic strategies targeting metabolic targets. The OLR1 gene encodes the LOX-1 receptor protein, which has been shown to be involved in atherosclerosis and more recently in various tumors. Upregulation of LOX-1 in tumors has been linked to cancer initiation, progression, and metastasis, indicating it as a promising therapeutic target for enhancing current antineoplastic strategies.
CANCER GENE THERAPY
(2021)
Review
Biology
Tanya Sharma, Francesco Romeo, Jawahar L. Mehta
Summary: Understanding the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis is crucial in cardiovascular medicine. Atherosclerosis involves a multi-step process of lipid accumulation and downstream changes. LOX-1 has emerged as an important factor in atherosclerosis.
Correction
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
K. Hokynar, E. J. Vesterinen, T. M. Lilley, A. T. Pulliainen, S. J. Korhonen, J. Paavonen, M. Puolakkainen
APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Satu Kurkela, Mirja Puolakkainen, Kati Hokynar, Tea Nieminen, Harri Saxen, Laura Mannonen, Risto Pietikainen
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY & INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2019)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Magnus Unemo, Marit Hansen, Ronza Hadad, Ylva Lindroth, Hans Fredlund, Mirja Puolakkainen, Martin Sundqvist
Article
Microbiology
Suvi Korhonen, Kati Hokynar, Laura Mannonen, Jorma Paavonen, Eija Hiltunen-Back, Mirja Puolakkainen
Article
Microbiology
Kati Hokynar, Kaisu Rantakokko-Jalava, Antti Hakanen, Marika Havana, Laura Mannonen, Pia Jokela, Satu Kurkela, Maija Lappalainen, Magnus Unemo, Mirja Puolakkainen
Article
Microbiology
Kati Hokynar, Satu Kurkela, Tea Nieminen, Harri Saxen, Eero J. Vesterinen, Laura Mannonen, Risto Pietikainen, Mirja Puolakkainen
Article
Microbiology
Tiina Rantsi, Jolande A. Land, Paivi Joki-Korpela, Sander Ouburg, Kati Hokynar, Jorma Paavonen, Aila Tiitinen, Mirja Puolakkainen
Article
Microbiology
Suvi Korhonen, Kati Hokynar, Tiina Eriksson, Kari Natunen, Jorma Paavonen, Matti Lehtinen, Mirja Puolakkainen
Article
Infectious Diseases
Barbara Weinbaum, Analee Williams, Ronza Hadad, Bryan Vinluan, Mirja Puolakkainen, Magnus Unemo, Damon Getman
Article
Infectious Diseases
Magnus Unemo, Marit Hansen, Ronza Hadad, Mirja Puolakkainen, Henrik Westh, Kaisu Rantakokko-Jalava, Carina Thilesen, Michelle J. Cole, Iryna Boiko, Pham T. Lan, Daniel Golparian, Shin Ito, Martin Sundqvist
BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2020)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
May Wenche Joraholmen, Mona Johannessen, Kirsten Gravningen, Mirja Puolakkainen, Ganesh Acharya, Purusotam Basnet, Natasa Skalko-Basnet
Letter
Infectious Diseases
Mirja Puolakkainen, Laura Mannonen, Magnus Unemo
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Gilbert Greub, Trestan Pillonel, Patrik M. Bavoil, Nicole Borel, Lee Ann Campbell, Deborah Dean, Scott Hefty, Matthias Horn, Servaas A. Morre, Scot P. Ouellette, Yvonne Pannekoek, Mirja Puolakkainen, Peter Timms, Raphael Valdivia, Daisy Vanrompay
Summary: The International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes (ICSP) rejected the proposal to use gene sequences as type for naming prokaryotes in 2020. Instead, the Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes Described from Sequence Data (SeqCode), which considers genome sequences as type material for naming species, was published in 2022. The taxonomy subcommittee for the phylum Chlamydiae (Chlamydiota) within ICSP believes that using gene sequences as type would be beneficial for the classification of difficult-to-culture microorganisms such as chlamydiae and other intracellular bacteria. They recommend registering new names of uncultured prokaryotes in the SeqCode registry.
NEW MICROBES AND NEW INFECTIONS
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Tiina Holster, Elina Urpilainen, Jorma Paavonen, Ulla Puistola, Mirja Puolakkainen
Summary: This study explored the role of C. trachomatis infection in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) by analyzing antibody responses to chlamydial TroA, HtrA, and MOMP. The results showed that women with these antibodies were more likely to have a complete response to the first-line treatment.
ANTICANCER RESEARCH
(2023)
Correction
Microbiology
Kati Hokynar, Jani J. Sormunen, Eero J. Vesterinen, Esa K. Partio, Thomas Lilley, Veera Timonen, Jaana Panelius, Annamari Ranki, Mirja Puolakkainen