Article
Immunology
Allison M. Owen, Liming Luan, Katherine R. R. Burelbach, Margaret A. A. McBride, Cody L. L. Stothers, Olivia A. A. Boykin, Kalkena Sivanesam, Jessica F. F. Schaedel, Tazeen K. K. Patil, Jingbin Wang, Antonio Hernandez, Naeem K. K. Patil, Edward R. R. Sherwood, Julia K. K. Bohannon
Summary: Immunocompromised populations are at high risk of life-threatening infections, and strategies to protect these patients are urgently needed. This study explores the use of trained immunity, which enhances the immune response to subsequent infections, as a promising approach. The researchers demonstrate that the MyD88-dependent signaling pathway plays a critical role in TLR-mediated trained immunity, providing valuable insights into the mechanisms underlying this process.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Stavros Garantziotis, Rashmin C. Savani
Summary: The extracellular matrix (ECM) is not only a structure but also plays key roles in cellular responses. Proteoglycans (PGs), a component of ECM, have been found to be crucial in both health maintenance and disease development by activating the innate immune system and influencing cell fate.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Ryma Haroun, Sahar Naasri, Ayman J. Oweida
Summary: TLRs are essential for immune responses and can mediate inflammation by recognizing molecular patterns in pathogens and damaged cells. TLR ligands have gained attention in cancer research, especially in combination with cancer treatments like immunotherapy, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy (RT). However, the role of TLRs in cancer, particularly in response to radiation, is still poorly understood. This review examines how TLR signaling affects tumor response to RT and proposes a framework for TLR-based therapies with RT.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Antonios Lazaridis, Eleni Gavriilaki, Stella Douma, Eugenia Gkaliagkousi
Summary: Essential hypertension is a highly heterogeneous disease with a complex etiology, where subclinical inflammation and abnormal activation of TLR signaling play crucial roles in its pathogenesis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Katarzyna Wicherska-Pawlowska, Tomasz Wrobel, Justyna Rybka
Summary: The innate immune system recognizes pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) through pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), activating immune cells and initiating inflammatory and immune responses. This system also plays a role in cancer immunosurveillance, with potential for natural and synthetic agonists of PRRs to be used as adjuvants in cancer immunotherapies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Bettina Hoden, David DeRubeis, Margarita Martinez-Moczygemba, Kenneth S. Ramos, Dekai Zhang
Summary: Innate immune response mechanisms play a crucial role in lung cancer immunity and immunotherapy. TLR signaling can modulate the tumor microenvironment and enhance the immune sensitization of tumor cells to treatments.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Gyu Hwan Hyun, In Ho Cho, Yoon Young Yang, Da-Hye Jeong, Yun Pyo Kang, You-Sun Kim, Seul Ji Lee, Sung Won Kwon
Summary: This study investigates the immunological action of complex pectin by studying its interaction with Toll-like receptors (TLRs). The research shows that pectic heteropolysaccharides (HPSs) derived from terrestrial plant cell walls can bind to TLR4 and activate the immune response. The findings provide a better understanding of the interaction between complex carbohydrates and proteins.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mohammad Enamul Hoque Kayesh, Michinori Kohara, Kyoko Tsukiyama-Kohara
Summary: This review discusses the importance of TLR responses in HCV infection and the mechanisms adopted by HCV to avoid immune surveillance mediated by TLRs.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Risa Tamagawa-Mineoka
Summary: The skin acts as a physical barrier and toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a role in both infectious and non-infectious inflammatory diseases. In atopic dermatitis (AD), skin barrier dysfunction allows stimuli to penetrate the skin and activate the innate immune system, leading to inflammation.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Virology
Karsten Eichholz, Tuan Hiep Tran, Coraline Cheneau, Thi Thu Phuong Tran, Oceane Paris, Martine Pugniere, Eric J. Kremer
Summary: This study examines the interactions between danger-associated molecular patterns and human adenoviruses and their impact on vaccines. The interaction between human adenoviruses and HNP-1 can modify the response of antigen-presenting cells, influencing vaccine efficacy. HNP-1 binds to the capsids of human adenoviruses and directs them to Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), leading to internalization, inflammasome response, and IL-1β release.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Cassio Luiz Coutinho Almeida-da-Silva, Luiz Eduardo Baggio Savio, Robson Coutinho-Silva, David M. Ojcius
Summary: The innate immune system in vertebrates and invertebrates relies on conserved receptors and ligands, and pathways to initiate a rapid response against microbial infections and other sources of stress and danger. Research on NOD-like receptors (NLRs) has advanced in the past two decades, providing insight into the ligands and conditions that activate NLRs, as well as the outcomes of NLR activation in cells and animals. NLRs play crucial roles in diverse functions, such as transcription of MHC molecules and initiation of inflammation, and their activation can be direct or indirect depending on the ligands involved. Future discoveries will contribute to a better understanding of the molecular details and physiological consequences of NLR activation.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Priscila Saamara Masin, Hugo Alves Visentin, Laise Nayana Sala Elpidio, Ana Maria Sell, Lorena Visentainer, Quirino Alves De Lima Neto, Joana Maira Valentini Zacarias, Patricia Couceiro, Andressa Higa Shinzato, Manuel Santos Rosa, Paulo Rodrigues-Santos, Jeane Eliete Laguila Visentainer
Summary: This study investigated the association between polymorphisms in TLR1 and TLR2 genes and susceptibility/protection against leprosy in southern Brazil. The results showed that certain genotypes in TLR1 and TLR2 were more frequent in the control group, suggesting a potential protective role against leprosy.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Sui-Ling Liao, Man-Chin Hua, Ming-Han Tsai, Kuan-Wen Su, Chi Lin, Tsung-Chieh Yao, Li-Chen Chen, Kuo-Wei Yeh, Jing-Long Huang, Shen-Hao Lai
Summary: This study investigates the association between zinc status and immune homeostasis, as well as infectious outcome. The findings suggest that higher serum zinc is associated with a decreased risk of pneumonia and enterocolitis in well-nourished children.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Mahsa Jalili, Azita Hekmatdoost
Summary: Ω-3 long-chain fatty acids play a crucial role in regulating inflammation and the immune system, especially in pathogen recognition and downstream signaling pathways. They may exert anti-inflammatory effects by influencing lipid rafts, modulating cytokines, and receptors, among other pathways.
Review
Microbiology
Mohammad Enamul Hoque Kayesh, Michinori Kohara, Kyoko Tsukiyama-Kohara
Summary: Dengue virus, caused by DENV, is a major threat to human health. The immune system plays a crucial role in fighting against DENV. While there is a partially protective dengue vaccine available, further research is needed to develop a fully protective, durable, and safe vaccine.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Parasitology
Robson da Paixao de Souza, Maria Ilma Araujo, Diego Mota Lopes, Sergio Costa Oliveira, Jamille Souza Fernandes, Kelvin Edson M. de Jesus, Edgar M. Carvalho, Ricardo Riccio Oliveira, Luciana Santos Cardoso
Summary: This study examined the characteristics of B and T lymphocytes in individuals with low parasite loads of Schistosoma mansoni. The results showed that resistance to infection and reinfection was associated with a mixed Th1 and Th2 immune response. Individuals with low parasite loads had a higher proportion of Th1 and Th2 cells, as well as increased expression of costimulatory and regulatory molecules. These findings suggest that controlling the parasite load requires a coordinated Th1, Th2, and regulatory response.
PARASITOLOGY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Erika S. Guimaraes, Fabio V. Marinho, Nina M. G. P. de Queiroz, Maisa M. Antunes, Sergio C. Oliveira
Summary: STING, as an immune sensor, plays a crucial role in the early detection of bacterial pathogens. It activates immune responses by detecting bacterial DNA or cyclic dinucleotides, leading to the production of interferons and proinflammatory cytokines and participating in the metabolic reprogramming of macrophages. However, STING-mediated immune responses during bacterial infections can also be detrimental to the host.
Review
Immunology
Rodrigo C. O. Sanches, Fabio Mambelli, Sergio C. Oliveira
Summary: This article reviews the role of neutrophils in schistosomiasis and explores the potential connection between these cells and inflammasome activation in this context.
PARASITE IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Luis Eduardo Alves Damasceno, Guilherme Cesar Martelossi Cebinelli, Mariane Font Fernandes, Daniele Carvalho Nascimento, Gabriel Azevedo Publio, Marco Aurelio Ramirez Vinolo, Sergio Costa Oliveira, Tim Sparwasser, Thiago Mattar Cunha, Fernando Queiroz Cunha, Jose Carlos Alves-Filho
Summary: This study reveals an intrinsic role of STING in limiting the pathogenic program of T(H)17 cells, suggesting it as a potential target to control T(H)17 cell-mediated inflammation by inducing IL-10 production and reducing IL-17A expression.
Editorial Material
Microbiology
Sergio C. Oliveira, Erika S. Guimaraes
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Marcela Mizuhira Gobbo, Marina Bocamino Bomfim, Wille Ygor Alves, Karen Cristina Oliveira, Patricia Paiva Corsetti, Leonardo Augusto de Almeida
Summary: This review evaluates the effects of antibiotic therapy on gut microbiota and its impact on autoimmune diseases through preclinical studies. The findings suggest that antibiotic therapy can both improve and worsen autoimmune conditions, with the outcome being influenced by factors such as gender, IL-10, and Treg cells.
AUTOIMMUNITY REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Aleksander Branda Santana, Bianca Silva Souto, Natalia Cristina de Melo Santos, Jessica Assis Pereira, Carlos Alberto Tagliati, Romulo Dias Novaes, Patricia Paiva Corsetti, Leonardo Augusto de Almeida
Summary: Treatment with 5-FU increases susceptibility to pulmonary infection by P. aeruginosa in BALB/c mice, while fecal microbiota transplantation offers protection against this susceptibility to infection.
Review
Immunology
Laura Machado Menegati, Erick Esteves de Oliveira, Bernardo de Castro Oliveira, Gilson Costa Macedo, Flavia Marcia de Castro e Silva
Summary: Obesity and allergic asthma are chronic inflammatory diseases with distinct immunological features. When combined, they result in more severe asthma symptoms and lower therapy responsiveness, leading to decreased life quality and higher morbidity/mortality rates. Obesity can prompt specific asthma phenotypes, which vary based on atopic status, age, and gender. The microbiome plays an important role in susceptibility or resistance to asthma development, and specific bacteria correlate with features of the obese-asthmatic phenotype.
IMMUNOLOGY LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Thiago Caetano Andrade Belo, Natalia Cristina de Melo Santos, Bianca Silva Souto, Caio Pupin Rosa, Ana de Souza Santos, Karen Cristina Oliveira, Patricia Paiva Corsetti, Leonardo Augusto de Almeida
Summary: Excessive use of ivermectin can lead to gut dysbiosis, characterized by imbalances in the intestinal microbiome. This study found that ivermectin-induced gut dysbiosis caused damage to gut and liver tissues, but did not significantly affect susceptibility to lung infection.
MICROBES AND INFECTION
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Carolina S. de Oliveira, Mariane M. Baptistella, Alexia P. Siqueira, Michele O. Carvalho, Luiz Fernando Ramos, Bianca S. Souto, Leonardo A. de Almeida, Elda G. dos Santos, Romulo D. Novaes, Ester S. C. Nogueira, Pollyanna F. de Oliveira
Summary: The study examines the effects of vitamin D and probiotics on colorectal cancer. It shows that these two factors have a protective effect and can modulate inflammatory elements, cell differentiation, and proliferation. The combination of vitamin D and probiotics supplementation at low doses can be applied in the prevention and long-term treatment of colorectal cancer.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Keyla S. G. de Sa, Luana A. Amaral, Tamara S. Rodrigues, Adriene Y. Ishimoto, Warrison A. C. de Andrade, Leticia de Almeida, Felipe Freitas-Castro, Sabrina S. Batah, Sergio C. Oliveira, Monica T. Pastorello, Alexandre T. Fabro, Dario S. Zamboni
Summary: In this study, it is demonstrated that Gasdermin-D (GSDMD) is activated during the early stages of Leishmania infection, promoting NLRP3 inflammasome activation without causing cell death. GSDMD is cleaved into a noncanonical fragment, indicating the subversion of host response by Leishmania. Skin biopsies from patients with leishmaniasis also show activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and GSDMD.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Jordana Damasceno Gitirana de Santana, Oscar Alejandro Santos-Mayorga, Jonatas Rodrigues Florencio, Mirella Chrispim Cerqueira de Oliveira, Luisa Maria Silveira de Almeida, Julianna Oliveira de Lucas Xavier, Danielle Cristina Zimmermann-Franco, Gilson Costa Macedo, Adriana Lucia Pires Ferreira, Orlando Vieira de Sousa, Ademar Alves da Silva Filho, Maria Silvana Alves
Summary: This study investigated the chemical constituents and antibacterial activity of the medicinal plant Vernonia polyanthes. The results showed that the V. polyanthes leaf rinse extract (Vp-LRE) contained glaucolide A, which exhibited significant antibacterial activity against MRSA strains. Additionally, other compounds in Vp-LRE were found to interact with beta-lactamase. These findings suggest that V. polyanthes could serve as a potential natural source of phytochemicals with antibiotic properties.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Amanda dos Santos Lima, Romulo Dias Novaes, Lucas Cezar Pinheiro, Leonardo Augusto de Almeida, Hercia Stampini Duarte Martino, Alexandre Giusti-Paiva, Nora Pap, Daniel Granato, Luciana Azevedo
Summary: This study evaluated the bioactivity and gut microbiota modulation of blackcurrant diets in rats with DMH-induced colon carcinogenesis. The results showed that high doses of blackcurrant increased pro-inflammatory parameters and the expression of anti-apoptotic cytokines, accentuating colon cancer initiation. Additionally, blackcurrant altered the composition and function of the gut microbiome. These findings suggest that high doses of blackcurrant act as a pro-oxidant, exacerbating the inflammatory environment and CRC progression.
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Sophia Alexandre de Queiroz Cavalcanti, Leonardo Augusto de Almeida, Juciano Gasparotto
Summary: Recent research has shown that excessive intake of saturated fatty acids, commonly found in animal fats and processed foods, can lead to dysbiosis, chronic low-grade inflammation, and dysfunction of the blood-brain barrier, ultimately increasing the risk of developing Parkinson's disease. Diets low in saturated fats but high in fibers, on the other hand, can promote microbial diversity and improve gut health, potentially reducing the risk of neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson's.
JOURNAL OF NEUROIMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Caio Pupin Rosa, Thiago Caetano Andrade Belo, Natalia Cristina de Melo Santos, Evandro Neves Silva, Juciano Gasparotto, Patricia Paiva Corsetti, Leonardo Augusto de Almeida
Summary: Intracellular production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) plays a significant role in both the lethal effects on microorganisms and the regulation of inflammation and metabolism. Various microorganisms have been found to modulate the assembly or disruption of inflammasomes through ROS production. This process is a significant milestone in our understanding of the immunology of intracellular pathogens.
