Article
Behavioral Sciences
Ozge Selin Cevik, Kenan Cevik, Gulhan Orekici Temel, Leyla Sahin
Summary: This study examined the effects of environmental enrichment on memory functions in maternally separated rats. The results showed that environmental enrichment did not affect memory performance, while maternal separation increased it. This suggests that environmental enrichment alone is not sufficient to compensate for the detrimental effects of maternal separation stress on memory.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Guilherme Salgado Carrazoni, Ben-Hur Souto das Neves, Marisele dos Santos Soares, Karine Ramires Lima, Pamela B. Mello-Carpes
Summary: Maternal deprivation leads to long-lasting memory deficits, while maternal exercise can modify the offspring's cellular machinery. This study tested whether starting to run or reducing the intensity of running during pregnancy can protect prepubertal female offspring against memory deficits induced by maternal deprivation. The results showed that starting to exercise before pregnancy and reducing the intensity during pregnancy enhanced offspring spatial learning, but combining exercise with maternal deprivation impaired it. These findings suggest that starting to exercise during pregnancy is more effective than reducing exercise intensity to prevent memory deficits in female offspring induced by maternal deprivation.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rachel Schroeder, Preethy Sridharan, Lynn Nguyen, Alexandra Loren, Noelle S. Williams, Kavitha P. Kettimuthu, Coral J. Cintron-Perez, Edwin Vazquez-Rosa, Andrew A. Pieper, Hanna E. Stevens
Summary: Prenatal stress affects embryonic brain development by dysregulating NAD(+) synthesis machinery and GABAergic interneuron development, leading to cognitive deficits and depression-like behavior in adulthood. Maternal administration of the NAD(+) modulator, P7C3-A20, protects offspring from the detrimental effects of prenatal stress.
ANTIOXIDANTS & REDOX SIGNALING
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pawel Grochecki, Irena Smaga, Paulina Surowka, Marta Marszalek-Grabska, Predrag Kalaba, Vladimir Dragacevic, Patrycja Kotlinska, Malgorzata Filip, Gert Lubec, Jolanta H. Kotlinska
Summary: Maternal separation is a major contributor to neurodevelopmental disorders. This study suggests that dopamine signaling plays a key role in maternal separation-induced learning disabilities. The new dopamine transporter inhibitor, CE-123, can effectively counteract the spatial learning and memory deficit caused by maternal separation in rats, particularly in females. It restores cognitive impairment and dopamine signaling in adolescent rats exposed to maternal separation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Renata L. Alves, Camila C. Portugal, Igor M. Lopes, Pedro Oliveira, Cecilia J. Alves, Fernando Barbosa, Teresa Summavielle, Ana Magalhaes
Summary: Research has revealed that depressive mothers may find it challenging to interact with their children. Maternal stress may worsen mother-child attachment, increasing the likelihood of negative developmental consequences.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Sedigheh Khanjani Jolodar, Mohammadreza Bigdeli, Akbar Hajizadeh Moghaddam
Summary: Hypericin has shown significant preventive effects on cognitive deficits and hippocampal inflammation induced by maternal separation, suppressing the expression of inflammatory factors and preventing memory impairment. It may play a role in ameliorating dysfunctions in the autism model.
MINI-REVIEWS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Evelyn S. Park, Jasmin Freeborn, Venugopal Reddy Venna, Stefan Roos, J. Marc Rhoads, Yuying Liu
Summary: The probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 did not change ultrasonic vocalizations in neonatal mice exposed to maternal separation stress, but modulated gene expression related to stress and pain in the brain. This suggests that the probiotic may have a role in reducing stress and pain.
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jolanta H. Kotlinska, Pawel Grochecki, Agnieszka Michalak, Anna Pankowska, Katarzyna Kochalska, Piotr Suder, Joanna Ner-Kluza, Dariusz Matosiuk, Marta Marszalek-Grabska
Summary: Repeated maternal separation has long-term effects on the neurophysiology of the rodent brain, specifically in the regions responsible for memory. These effects vary depending on the sex of the rats, and enhancing glutamate neurotransmission can improve memory deficits.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jessica F. de Souza, Mayara M. Silveira, Heloisa H. A. Barcellos, Leonardo J. G. Barcellos, Ana C. Luchiari
Summary: This study investigated the effects of anthropogenic noise on dusky damselfish and found that exposure to high-intensity music increased anxiety and decreased memory retention, suggesting the deleterious potential of noise for reef species.
MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Mehran Arabi, Shohreh Hosseini Nasab, Zahra Lorigooini, Shakiba Nasiri Boroujeni, Seyyed Mohsen Mortazavi, Maryam Anjomshoa, Hossein Amini-Khoei
Summary: Early life stress can lead to various complications, but auraptene shows significant protective effects against these negative impacts, especially in behavior, hippocampus, and serum. The study also suggests that different doses of auraptene may have varying effects on heart samples in mitigating the adverse effects of maternal separation stress.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jose-Luis Bermejo, Raul Valldecabres, Israel Villarrasa-Sapina, Gonzalo Monfort-Torres, Adria Marco-Ahullo, Bruno Ribeiro Do Couto
Summary: This study examined the effects of acute high-intensity resistance exercise on cortisol levels and cognitive performance in healthy male powerlifting subjects. It found that acute exercise immediately increased cortisol levels and led to a significant deterioration in memory and learning ability. The study highlights the relative effects of resistance exercise on cortisol and cognitive performance based on the intensity and type of exercise, the timing of measurement, and the brain areas involved.
Article
Neurosciences
Brishti A. White, Julia T. Ivey, Ruth Velazquez-Cruz, Robin Oliverio, Bailey Whitehead, Mark Pinti, John Hollander, Li Ma, Gangquin Hu, Zachary M. Weil, Kate Karelina
Summary: Physical exercise is a potentially beneficial rehabilitation approach for traumatic brain injury (TBI) recovery. This study examined the effects of post-injury exercise on cognitive function, histopathology, mitochondrial function, and oxidative stress in male and female mice with controlled cortical impact (CCI) injury. The results showed that exercise had different effects on cognitive recovery and mitochondrial function depending on the intensity and sex of the mice, indicating the importance of individualized rehabilitation strategies for TBI patients.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Elizabeth B. Campbell, Mia Delgadillo, Laura C. Lazzeroni, Peter N. Louras, Jonathan Myers, Jerome Yesavage, J. Kaci Fairchild
Summary: This study examines the impact of combined exercise and cognitive training (CT) on cognition for older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The results suggest that both aquatic- and land-based exercise with CT interventions can significantly improve learning and memory outcomes for MCI patients, but improvement in executive functioning, processing speed, language, and visuospatial abilities is limited to water-based and CT treatment groups. The differences in linear growth patterns between groups were not significant.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Xiaohui Zhang, Xueying Wang, James Ayala, Yuliang Liu, Junhui An, Donghui Wang, Zhigang Cai, Rong Hou, Mingyue Zhang
Summary: The research aimed to evaluate the possible adverse effects of the traditional parenting mode on the gut microbiota of captive giant pandas, and the results showed that early and frequent maternal separation did not change the diversity indices of the gut microbes, but it increased certain bacteria abundance and stress-related fecal metabolites in the intestinal tract of giant pandas in adulthood, which affected protein digestion and absorption functions and disturbed short-chain fatty acids metabolism.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yuxiao Wan, Ziyi Wu, Xingyue Li, Ping Zhao
Summary: Sevoflurane exposure during pregnancy can lead to abnormal development of the central nervous system in offspring rats. Sevoflurane increases the expression of cannabinoid 1 receptor (CB1R) in the hippocampus, but its effects on fetal and offspring rats after maternal anesthesia are still unclear. In this study, pregnant rats were exposed to sevoflurane or air, and the expression of CB1R, cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5), and neuronal markers were observed in fetal brains. Neurobehavioral and cognitive tests were performed on the offspring, and it was found that sevoflurane exposure impaired neurobehavioral abilities and cognitive memory. CB1R may be a target for mitigating these impairments induced by maternal anesthesia.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
J. J. Dimatelis, I. M. Vermeulen, K. Bugarith, D. J. Stein, V. A. Russell
METABOLIC BRAIN DISEASE
(2016)
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Elmi Badenhorst, Silvia Mamede, Amaal Abrahams, Kishor Bugarith, Jacqui Friedling, Geney Gunston, Roisin Kelly-Laubscher, Henk G. Schmidt
ADVANCES IN PHYSIOLOGY EDUCATION
(2016)
Article
Physiology
J. J. Dimatelis, S. Hendricks, J. Hsieh, N. M. Vlok, K. Bugarith, W. M. U. Daniels, V. A. Russell
EXPERIMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY
(2013)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sarah Hescham, Laurian Grace, Lauriston A. Kellaway, Kishor Bugarith, Vivienne A. Russell
METABOLIC BRAIN DISEASE
(2009)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Nokuthula Makena, Kishor Bugarith, Vivienne A. Russell
METABOLIC BRAIN DISEASE
(2012)
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Elmi Badenhorst, Silvia Mamede, Amaal Abrahams, Kishor Bugarith, Francois Cilliers, Chivaugn Gordon, Geney Gunston, Virginia Zweigenthal, Henk G. Schmidt
Summary: Research on commonly misunderstood fundamental biomedical concepts in a medical curriculum is limited. The proportions of incorrect responses decreased significantly by students' academic year, with certain misunderstandings appearing frequently across the curriculum. Qualitative analysis identified 15 categories of common misunderstandings, suggesting preventative measures could be implemented by educators to prevent robust misconceptions.
ADVANCES IN PHYSIOLOGY EDUCATION
(2021)
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Amaal Abrahams, Lunelle Pienaar, Kishor Bugarith, Geney Gunston, Elmi Badenhorst
Summary: Misalignments in teaching pedagogies between secondary schools and tertiary institutions have exacerbated educational disparities among students from different backgrounds. A&P Foundational Knowledge Assessment was developed to establish the levels of preparedness of first-year medical students. The study aimed to assess the validity of the assessment in determining students' prior knowledge and predicting their academic performance.
ADVANCES IN PHYSIOLOGY EDUCATION
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
J. Jayakumar, F. Amien, G. Gunston, L. Pio de Paulo, S. Crawford-Browne, G. Doyle, K. Bugarith
AFRICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH PROFESSIONS EDUCATION
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
K Bugarith, TT Dinh, AJ Li, RC Speth, S Ritter
Article
Neurosciences
S Ritter, K Bugarith, TT Dinh
JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE NEUROLOGY
(2001)