Review
Business
Charles Calderwood, Lieke L. ten Brummelhuis, Amanda S. Patel, Trevor Watkins, Allison S. Gabriel, Christopher C. Rosen
Summary: This review provides a cross-disciplinary synthesis of evidence on the implications of physical activity for job performance and proposes a resource-based framework to guide future research in this area.
JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Fotini Vasilopoulos, Michelle R. Ellefson
Summary: The study found a positive relationship between physical activity and emotional regulation, and a negligible relationship with behavioral regulation in children born in 2000-2001 in the UK. Physical activity was predictive of academic achievement through emotional regulation in 7-year-olds and behavioral regulation in 11-year-olds, with socioeconomic status moderating this relationship. This suggests early interventions focusing on attention rather than behavior may have a greater impact on academic attainment.
Article
Sport Sciences
Jingkai Wei, Ruixue Hou, Liyang Xie, Eeshwar K. Chandrasekar, Haidong Lu, Tiansheng Wang, Changwei Li, Hanzhang Xu
Summary: This study aimed to estimate the association of sleep, sedentary activity, and physical activity with cognitive function among older adults. The results suggest that replacing sedentary activities with moderate-to-vigorous physical activity is associated with better cognitive function, and in older adults sleeping no longer than 7 hours per night, replacing excessive sleep with sedentary or physical activities may also benefit cognition. Future research is needed to examine the long-term cognitive outcomes of replacing different activity statuses.
JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND MEDICINE IN SPORT
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Andreas Stenling, Daniel Eriksson Sorman, Magnus Lindwall, Liana Machado
Summary: This study aimed to examine the bidirectional within- and between-person relations between physical activity and cognitive function. The results showed that higher levels of physical activity at baseline were associated with less decline in episodic memory recall. Positive occasion-specific within- and between-person relations were observed, with the most consistent being between physical activity and episodic memory recall.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES B-PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Qi Zhang, Chun-Chi Ma, Yalong Jiang, Huale Geng
Summary: The existence of pre-existing flaws in rock mass has a significant impact on mechanical properties and fracturing behaviors. A series of uniaxial compression tests on sandstone specimens were conducted to investigate the effects of flaw type, infilling material, and flaw shape. The results show that relatively rigid infilling can improve the mechanical properties of the rock. The cracking process and crack type around the hole-like flaw are influenced by the type and shape of the infilling material, as it changes the stress state around the flaw.
FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Christine St. W. Laurent, Sanna Lokhandwala, Tamara Allard, Angela Ji, Tracy Riggins, Rebecca M. C. Spencer
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between nap habituality and sedentary time and physical activity in preschool-aged children. The study also explored the association between nap physiology and movement behaviors, as well as the impact of missing a nap on movement behaviors. The findings suggest that there is no significant relationship between naps and movement behaviors in children.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Sina Gerten, Tobias Engeroff, Johannes Fleckenstein, Eszter Fuezeki, Silke Matura, Ulrich Pilatus, Lutz Vogt, Johannes Pantel, Winfried Banzer
Summary: Participating in physical activity, maintaining physical performance, and reducing sedentary behavior are beneficially associated with cognitive function in older adults. This study found that light physical activity had a positive impact on executive function, while attention and working memory were related to physical performance.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Lucas Melo Neves, Raphael Ritti-Dias, Valeria Juday, Raquel Marquesini, Aline Mendes Gerage, Gilberto Candido Laurentino, Renato Hoffmann Nunes, Brendon Stubbs, Carlos Ugrinowitsch
Summary: Brain atrophy, a decrease in brain volume, is associated with cognitive health in older adults. Insufficient moderate and vigorous physical activity (MVPA) has been linked to lower brain volume. This study found that meeting weekly MVPA recommendations helps preserve the volume of over 30 brain areas and structures in older adults. Additionally, cardiorespiratory fitness is an important predictor of brain volume preservation.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Peixuan Zheng, James D. Pleuss, Dusty S. Turner, Scott W. Ducharme, Elroy J. Aguiar
Summary: This study found a dose-response association between habitual physical activity and cognitive function in a nationally representative sample of U.S. older adults aged >= 60 years.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Mattienne R. van der Kamp, Bram W. Nieuwdorp, Boony J. Thio, Monique Tabak, Arvid W. A. Kamps, Hermie J. Hermens, Jean M. M. Driessen
Summary: The study aimed to compare self-reported Physical Activity Questionnaire for Children (PAQ-C) with objectively measured physical activity using accelerometry in children with asthma. The results showed weak to moderate correlations between PAQ-C and accelerometer data, with a PAQ-C score of 3.5 or higher potentially serving as a screening tool for ruling out physical inactivity in a portion of the pediatric asthma population.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Susan Aguinaga, Navin Kaushal, Guilherme M. Balbim, Robert S. Wilson, JoEllen E. Wilbur, Susan Hughes, David M. Buchner, Michael Berbaum, Edward McAuley, Priscilla M. Vasquez, Isabela G. Marques, Tianxiu Wang, David X. Marquez
Summary: The Latin dance program has a positive impact on working memory performance among middle-aged and older Latinos, with leisure physical activity playing a key role in mediating this relationship.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Sport Sciences
Carlos Martin-Martinez, Pedro L. Valenzuela, Marcos Martinez-Zamora, Oscar Martinez-de-Quel
Summary: Objectives: This systematic review with meta-analysis aimed to assess the effects of school-based physical activity (PA) interventions on language skills in children and adolescents. The results showed significant benefits for reading, vocabulary, and comprehension, with a non-significant trend observed for language school grades. No significant benefits were observed for spelling or verbal fluency, and no consistent differences were observed between integrated and non-integrated PA interventions. Further research is needed to determine the moderating factors of these effects.
JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND MEDICINE IN SPORT
(2023)
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Kelsey R. Sewell, Kirk I. Erickson, Stephanie R. Rainey-Smith, Jeremiah J. Peiffer, Hamid R. Sohrabi, Belinda M. Brown
Summary: Physical activity and sleep are important factors influencing cognitive function, and they may be interrelated. The limited existing literature has not thoroughly examined the causal relationships between physical activity, sleep, and cognition.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jianwei Zhu, Fenfen Ge, Yu Zeng, Yuanyuan Qu, Wenwen Chen, Huazhen Yang, Lei Yang, Fang Fang, Huan Song
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the association between patterns of physical and mental activity and dementia, and the role of disease susceptibility in modifying this association. The results showed significant associations between multiple physical and mental activity items and the risk of dementia. Additionally, activity patterns more adherent to frequent vigorous exercise, housework-related activity, and friend/family visit were associated with a reduced risk of dementia.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pawel Sutkowy, Alina Wozniak, Celestyna Mila-Kierzenkowska, Karolina Szewczyk-Golec, Roland Wesolowski, Marta Pawlowska, Jaroslaw Nuszkiewicz
Summary: Physical exercise has been proven to improve cognitive function and memory, provide analgesic and antidepressant effects, delay brain aging, and prevent the development of diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders. It helps to maintain the oxidant-antioxidant balance, preventing or alleviating oxidative stress.
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Eero Sormunen, Norbert Erdmann, Suzanne C. S. A. Otieno, Mirjamaija Mikkila-Erdmann, Eero Laakkonen, Teemu Mikkonen, Md Arman Hossain, Roberto Gonzalez-Ibanez, Mario Quintanilla-Gatica, Paavo Ht Leppanen, Marja Vauras
Summary: This study investigates sixth-grade students' self-efficacy beliefs and attitudes towards online inquiry, revealing that gender and free-time internet use have the most significant impact on students' beliefs and attitudes.
JOURNAL OF INFORMATION SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Veera F. Virkkala, Aino-Maija Eloranta, Anna Liisa Suominen, Anu Vierola, Tiina Ikavalko, Juuso Vaisto, Santtu Mikkonen, Mirja Methuen, Ursula Schwab, Heli T. Viljakainen, Jukka Leinonen, Matti Narhi, Timo A. Lakka
Summary: The study found that higher consumption of high-fiber grain products and milk, as well as a higher diet quality, were associated with lower caries experience. On the other hand, higher consumption of potatoes and emotional overeating were associated with higher caries experience. In addition, higher snacking frequency, desire to drink, slowness in eating, and food fussiness were associated with higher caries experience, while enjoyment of food and higher diet quality were associated with lower caries experience.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Education & Educational Research
Maria Psyridou, Asko Tolvanen, Priyanka Patel, Daria Khanolainen, Marja-Kristiina Lerkkanen, Anna-Maija Poikkeus, Minna Torppa
Summary: This study aimed to identify the most accurate model for predicting adolescent reading difficulties (RD) using 17 kindergarten-age variables. The results showed that the neural networks model was the most accurate method for early prediction of reading difficulties.
SCIENTIFIC STUDIES OF READING
(2023)
Article
Education & Educational Research
Jani Hartikainen, Eero A. Haapala, Anna-Maija Poikkeus, Arja Saakslahti, Arto Laukkanen, Ying Gao, Taija Finni
Summary: Due to educational reforms in many countries, including Finland, new or renovated comprehensive schools have increasingly incorporated open and flexible designs. Open learning spaces provide children with more opportunities to engage in physical activity, which has been associated with better academic performance and behavior.
LEARNING ENVIRONMENTS RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Mirja Methuen, Hanna Kangasmaa, Viivi Karoliina Alaraudanjoki, Anna Liisa L. Suominen, Vuokko Anttonen, Hannu Vahanikkila, Panu Karjalainen, Juuso Vaisto, Timo A. Lakka, Marja-Liisa Laitala
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and severity of erosive tooth wear (ETW) among Finnish adolescents and to evaluate the association between the use of erosive products and ETW. The study found that the prevalence of ETW among Finnish adolescents is comparable to other Nordic and European countries. Boys had a higher frequency of severe ETW compared to girls. Consumption of erosive drinks, fruits, and berries was significantly associated with the severity of ETW.
Article
Sport Sciences
Annie M. Skinner, Dimitris Vlachopoulos, Alan R. Barker, Sarah A. Moore, Alex Rowlands, Sonja Soininen, Eero A. Haapala, Juuso Vaisto, Kate Westgate, Soren Brage, Timo A. Lakka
Summary: The study aimed to assess the associations of physical activity (PA) volume, PA intensity distribution, and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) with bone mineral content, lean mass, and fat mass in children. The results showed that PA volume was positively associated with bone mineral content in both females and males, and positively associated with lean mass (males) or negatively associated with fat mass (males). PA intensity was negatively associated with bone mineral content in males. MVPA was positively associated with lean mass and negatively associated with fat mass in both females and males.
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS
(2023)
Article
Education & Educational Research
Maria Psyridou, Asko Tolvanen, Pekka Niemi, Marja-Kristiina Lerkkanen, Anna-Maija Poikkeus, Minna Torppa
Summary: This study examines the developmental interplay between silent reading fluency and reading comprehension from Grade 1 to Grade 9. The results indicate that there is a correlation between silent reading fluency and reading comprehension at the between-person level, but only weak developmental associations are found at the within-person level, with a change in the direction of the associations over time.
READING AND WRITING
(2023)
Article
Education & Educational Research
Eija Pakarinen, Lars-Erik Malmberg, Anna-Maija Poikkeus, Martti Siekkinen, Marja-Kristiina Lerkkanen
Summary: This study examined the psychometric properties of a commonly used classroom observation measure by testing the reliability of indicators for higher-order constructs. The results showed that most observer disagreement was found in the instructional support domain, and the levels of disagreement varied depending on the teacher being observed. It highlights the need for a better understanding of how observers process information on complex classroom interactions to improve training programs and the reliability and accuracy of assessment procedures.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH & METHOD IN EDUCATION
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Christoph Saner, Alistair M. Senior, Hanyue Zhang, Aino-Maija Eloranta, Costan G. Magnussen, Matthew A. Sabin, Markus Juonala, Marco Janner, David P. Burgner, Ursula Schwab, Eero A. Haapala, Berit L. Heitmann, Stephen J. Simpson, David Raubenheimer, Timo A. Lakka
Summary: This study tested for protein leverage and the protein leverage hypothesis in children and adolescents. The results showed that proportional energy intake of proteins was inversely associated with energy intake, and increased energy intake on diets with lower protein content was counterbalanced by increased energy expenditure and did not lead to increased adiposity.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Eero A. Haapala, Emmi Kuronen, Johanna K. Ihalainen, Niina Lintu, Marja H. Leppaenen, Tuomo Tompuri, Mustafa Atalay, Ursula Schwab, Timo A. Lakka
Summary: This study found that physical fitness is associated with systemic low-grade inflammation in children. Specifically, higher cardiorespiratory fitness, greater number of completed sit-ups, longer distance jumped in the standing long jump, and shorter time in the 50-meter shuttle run were associated with lower inflammatory biomarkers. However, these associations were not significant after adjusting for body fat percentage.
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Sehrish Naveed, Taisa Sallinen, Aino-Maija Eloranta, Hannamari Skog, Henna Jalkanen, Soren Brage, Ulf Ekelund, Heikki Pentikaeinen, Kai Savonen, Timo A. Lakka, Eero A. Haapala
Summary: In this study, a combined dietary and physical activity intervention in children did not have an effect on cognition. However, improvements in diet quality and participation in organized sports and reading were associated with improved cognition.
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Petri Jalanko, Laura Saisanen, Elisa Kallioniemi, Mervi Kononen, Timo A. Lakka, Sara Maeaettae, Eero A. Haapala
Summary: This study found that physical fitness is associated with cerebellar gray matter volume in adolescents, with cardiorespiratory fitness, neuromuscular performance, and speed-agility showing specific associations. These associations were also found to be sex-specific.
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Timo A. Lakka, Kirsikka Aittola, Elina Jarvela-Reijonen, Tanja Tilles-Tirkkonen, Reija Mannikko, Niina Lintu, Leila Karhunen, Marjukka Kolehmainen, Marja Harjumaa, Elina Mattila, Riia Jarvenpaa, Miikka Ermes, Santtu Mikkonen, Janne Martikainen, Kaisa Poutanen, Ursula Schwab, Pilvikki Absetz, Jaana Lindstrom, Jussi Pihlajama
Summary: This study conducted a one-year experiment to explore the effectiveness of lifestyle interventions based on multiple behavior change theories and combined digital and face-to-face communication in preventing risk factors for type 2 diabetes. The results showed that the intervention group with combined digital and face-to-face communication had better improvement in diet quality and waist circumference compared to the control group.
LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH-EUROPE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Educational
Kati Vasalampi, Asko Tolvanen, Minna Torppa, Anna-Maija Poikkeus, Hilla Hankimaa, Kaisa Aunola
Summary: In this four-year longitudinal study, the researchers found that PISA reading achievement, self-concept of ability in literacy, cynicism, and exhaustion were unique determinants of educational track choice after comprehensive school. The study suggests that comprehensive schools need to focus on not only the development of basic skills but also on literacy motivation and school well-being, as these factors can have a long-term impact on students' educational paths.
LEARNING AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES
(2023)