Article
Clinical Neurology
Sue Peters, Keith R. Lohse, Tara D. Klassen, Teresa Liu-Ambrose, Sean P. Dukelow, Mark T. Bayley, Michael D. Hill, Sepideh Pooyania, Jennifer Yao, Janice J. Eng
Summary: Cognitive deficits are common poststroke and cognitive rehabilitation is often used to improve them. This study aimed to determine whether a higher dose of exercise during inpatient rehabilitation can improve cognitive outcomes over a 1-year period poststroke.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Rehabilitation
Marluce Lopes Basilio, Giane Amorim Ribeiro Samora, Danielle Aparecida Gomes Pereira, Veronica Franco Parreira, Louise Ada, Luci Fuscaldi Teixeira-Salmela
Summary: The study revealed that individuals with stroke had higher energy demand in the paretic upper limb during unilateral arm crank submaximal exercise testing compared to the nonparetic side and controls. There was a strong relationship between energy demand and upper limb activity in stroke patients, indicating the potential impact of energy demand on real-life upper limb activity post-stroke.
ARCHIVES OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Elizabeth W. Regan, Reed Handlery, Jill C. Stewart, Joseph L. Pearson, Sara Wilcox, Stacy Fritz
Summary: This study integrated survivors of stroke into a standard exercise-based CR program and evaluated the impact through physical function measures and qualitative assessment. Results showed that exercise-based CR could significantly improve cardiovascular endurance, health status, and quality of life for survivors of stroke.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2021)
Review
Rehabilitation
Shereen Khattab, Elise Wiley, Hanna Fang, Julie Richardson, Joy MacDermid, Ada Tang
Summary: There were no sex differences in the effects of exercise on memory, executive functioning, language or global cognition in individuals with stroke. Further research is needed to address sex differences in individuals with stroke to enable better targeting, prevention, and interventions in stroke rehabilitation.
DISABILITY AND REHABILITATION
(2021)
Review
Psychiatry
Takeshi Shimada, Shoko Ito, Aya Makabe, Ayumi Yamanushi, Ami Takenaka, Kojiro Kawano, Masayoshi Kobayashi
Summary: This study serves as an update to a recent systematic review and meta-analysis on the effect of aerobic exercise on cognition in schizophrenia. The findings suggest that aerobic exercise can significantly improve global cognition, attention/vigilance, working memory, and verbal learning in individuals with schizophrenia. Group exercise, exercise supervised by professionals, as well as longer duration and higher frequency of exercise are associated with greater improvements in global cognition.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Rehabilitation
Jorge Motta Anjos, Mansueto Gomes Neto, Franciele Silva dos Santos, Katna de Oliveira Almeida, Edimar Alcides Bocchi, Yasmin de Souza Lima Bitar, Andre Rodrigues Duraes
Summary: High-intensity interval training has positive effects on the functioning and health-related quality of life of post-stroke patients. It improves cardiorespiratory fitness, balance, and gait speed, leading to better physical function in these patients.
CLINICAL REHABILITATION
(2022)
Review
Rehabilitation
Kate Gamble, April Chiu, Casey Peiris
Summary: This study systematically reviewed the impact of core stability exercises in addition to usual care physiotherapy on patient outcomes after stroke. The findings suggest that incorporating core stability exercises may lead to improved trunk control, dynamic balance, and walking speed in individuals with acute and chronic stroke.
ARCHIVES OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Marco Iosa, Nele Demeyere, Laura Abbruzzese, Pierluigi Zoccolotti, Mauro Mancuso
Summary: Cognitive deficits are common in stroke patients, and early identification is crucial for making appropriate care plans. The Oxford Cognitive Screen is a reliable tool for assessing cognitive deficits in stroke patients. Principal component analysis identifies major components related to different cognitive domains.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Sport Sciences
Shu-Chun Huang, Chih-Chin Hsu, Tieh-Cheng Fu, Carl P. C. Chen, Ming-Feng Liao, Chien-Ya Hsu, Jong-Shyan Wang
Summary: The study found that stepper-based exercise training can improve cardiopulmonary fitness in nonambulatory hemiplegic patients with ischemic stroke and reduce heteroaggregation of monocytes with platelets. This research provides new possibilities for the rehabilitation of nonambulatory hemiplegic patients.
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Philippe Azouvi, Marc Rousseaux, Paolo Bartolomeo, Dominic Perennou, Pascale Pradat-Diehl, Laurent Wiart, Gilles Rode, Olivier Godefroy
Summary: This study aimed to determine the most sensitive combination of tests for detecting peripersonal unilateral neglect (UN) after stroke. A secondary analysis was conducted on a multicentric study involving 203 individuals with right hemisphere damage and 307 healthy controls. The results showed that a combination of four scores from three simple tests (bells test, line bisection, and reading) provided good discrimination for identifying UN in stroke patients.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Rehabilitation
David J. Clark, Dorian K. Rose, Katie A. Butera, Brooke Hoisington, Louis DeMark, Sudeshna A. Chatterjee, Kelly A. Hawkins, Dana M. Otzel, Jared W. Skinner, Evangelos A. Christou, Samuel S. Wu, Emily J. Fox
Summary: This study compared two post-stroke rehabilitation interventions on walking function and prefrontal cortical activity. The accurate adaptability and steady state walking interventions showed similar improvements in walking speed, but accurate adaptability training may reduce the demand on prefrontal resources during walking.
CLINICAL REHABILITATION
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Yifan Gao, Bin Feng, Rong Hu, YingYue Zhang, Yajun Shi, Yong Xu, Jing Ma
Summary: This study aimed to compare the differences in maximum exercise capacity in post-PCI patients measured by CPET and TET, and analyze the factors influencing the differences. The results showed that the maximum exercise capacity measured by TET was significantly higher than that measured by CPET, and it was negatively correlated with waist-hip ratio.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Rehabilitation
Neeraj S. Limaye, Lilian Braighi Carvalho, Sharon Kramer
Summary: Aerobic exercise has significant effects on neuroplasticity and brain repair in stroke survivors, increasing levels of certain serum biomarkers. Further research is needed to determine the optimal exercise intensity and modalities, especially in acute and subacute stroke survivors.
ARCHIVES OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION
(2021)
Article
Rehabilitation
Sophia G. Girgenti, Autumn O. Brunson, Elisabeth B. Marsh
Summary: Although individuals with low stroke severity tend to recover well, cognitive impairment is common independent of stroke size or location. This study examined the patterns of recovery for individual cognitive domains and identified factors associated with outcome. The results showed distinct patterns of recovery for different cognitive domains, with stroke severity and rehabilitation influencing the trajectory and baseline function predicting long-term outcome.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE & REHABILITATION
(2023)
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Simone K. Huber, Ruud H. Knols, Patrick Arnet, Eling D. de Bruin
Summary: This systematic review compares the effects of different motor-cognitive intervention concepts on gait and cognitive functions in chronic stroke patients. The findings suggest that motor-cognitive interventions may be more effective than non-combined training approaches, with simultaneous-incorporated training showing the most promising results. Further research is needed to investigate the effects of motor-cognitive intervention concepts on gait control and cognitive functions.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Shane J. T. Balthazaar, Morten Sengelov, Kim Bartholdy, Lasse Malmqvist, Martin Ballegaard, Birgitte Hansen, Jesper Hastrup Svendsen, Anders Kruse, Karen-Lise Welling, Andrei V. Krassioukov, Fin Biering-Sorensen, Tor Biering-Sorensen
Summary: At the six-month timepoint following traumatic SCI, there were no significant differences in occurrences of arrhythmias between participants with cervical and thoracic SCI compared to the findings observed in the first month following SCI. Bradycardia was present in 29% and 33% of participants with cervical and thoracic SCI, respectively, six months after SCI. The mean maximum HR increased significantly from 4 weeks to 6 months post-SCI, however mean minimum and maximum HR were not significantly different between the groups at the six-month time point.
JOURNAL OF SPINAL CORD MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Amanda H. X. Lee, Emmanuel K. Tse, Thomas E. Nightingale, Rahul Sachdeva, Matthias Walter, Andrei Krassioukov
Summary: This study investigated the patterns and perceptions of cannabis use among women with spinal cord injury (SCI), as well as the knowledge of physicians regarding recreational and synthetic cannabinoids. The results showed that some women used cannabis during pregnancy and breastfeeding, mainly for sleep aid and relief of morning sickness. Most physicians had poor knowledge of recreational cannabis products but were more knowledgeable about synthetic cannabinoids.
JOURNAL OF SPINAL CORD MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Rehabilitation
Yetsa A. Tuakli-Wosornu, Kangxin Wang, Maryam Fourtassi, Catherine Stratton, Laura Paulina Munoz-Velasco, Abderrazak Hajjioui, Rory Cooper, Joseph K. Balikuddembe, Mark Peterson, Uma Pandiyan, Andrei Krassioukov, Deo Rishi Tripathi, Angela Palomba, Bo-Young Hong
Summary: This study aimed to examine the impact of the coronavirus pandemic on the physical and mental health and healthy lifestyle behaviors of people with disabilities living in the community. A web-based global survey was conducted, collecting 3550 responses from 65 countries over a period of 3 months. The results showed that people with disabilities experienced a greater decrease in physical activity levels, reduced intake of fruits and vegetables, and decreased sleep duration compared to those without disabilities.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE & REHABILITATION
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Katherine Gray, Whitley Sheehan, Laura McCracken, Klaus Krogh, Rahul Sachdeva, Andrei V. Krassioukov
Summary: This systematic review examines the use of local analgesics, specifically lidocaine or bupivacaine, to prevent autonomic dysreflexia (AD) in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI). The review finds that lidocaine has a beneficial effect on AD in some studies, but the small sample sizes and conflicting results highlight the need for larger, well-monitored clinical trials.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Lauren Rietchel, Andrea L. Ramirez, Shea Hocaloski, Stacy Elliott, Matthias Walter, Andrei Krassioukov
Summary: This study found that autonomic dysreflexia (AD)-associated heart rate changes during penile vibrostimulation (PVS) and urodynamic studies (UDS) appear to be related to the magnitude of systolic blood pressure increases. Highly elevated systolic blood pressure with bradycardia suggests the presence of severe AD. Cardiovascular monitoring and early detection of AD are recommended during PVS and UDS to reduce the risk of life-threatening complications.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Matthias Walter, Andrea L. Ramirez, Amanda H. X. Lee, Thomas E. Nightingale, Daniel Rapoport, Alex Kavanagh, Andrei V. Krassioukov
Summary: This study demonstrates that fesoterodine can alleviate lower urinary tract symptoms and urinary incontinence in patients with chronic spinal cord injury, improving their quality of life. During the treatment period, patients experienced increased cystometric capacity, decreased maximum detrusor pressure, alleviation of symptoms related to neurogenic detrusor overactivity, as well as a reduction in the severity and frequency of autonomic dysreflexia events.
JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Zoe K. Sarafis, Jordan W. Squair, Otto F. Barak, Geoff B. Coombs, Jan Elaine Soriano, Kelly A. Larkin-Kaiser, Amanda H. X. Lee, Alex Hansen, Maro Vodopic, Rinaldo Romac, Christopher Grant, Rebecca Charbonneau, Tanja Mijacika, Andrei V. Krassioukov, Philip N. Ainslie, Zeljko Dujic, Aaron A. Phillips
Summary: Cervical spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to impaired common carotid artery (CCA) responsiveness and increases the risk of cardiovascular disease.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Rahul Sachdeva, Ali Hosseinzadeh, Aaron Rizzardo, Andrea Maharaj, Michael Berger, Andrei Krassioukov
Summary: This study assessed the effects of oxycodone/naloxone on pain, constipation, and autonomic dysreflexia in spinal cord injury patients. The results showed that oxycodone/naloxone improved pain, bowel function, and severity of autonomic dysreflexia.
ANNALS OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Rajat Emanuel Singh, Aliya Ahmadi, Ann M. Parr, Uzma Samadani, Andrei V. Krassioukov, Theoden I. Netoff, David P. Darrow
Summary: Multiple studies have shown that epidural spinal cord stimulation (eSCS) can restore volitional motor control in participants with motor-complete spinal cord injury (SCI). However, there has been a lack of rigorous quantitative descriptions of muscle coordination. In this study, six participants with chronic SCI underwent a brain motor control assessment (BMCA) to investigate the impact of eSCS on muscle activity complexity and muscle synergies. Results showed that eSCS immediately reduced muscle activity complexity and improved coordination between muscle groups over time. Muscle synergies were also restored with eSCS, supporting the neural hypothesis of muscle synergies.
JOURNAL OF NEUROENGINEERING AND REHABILITATION
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Kelly K. O'Brien, Francisco Ibanez-Carrasco, Soo Chan Carusone, Ahmed M. Bayoumi, Ada Tang, Kiera McDuff, Tizneem Jiancaro, George Da Silva, Brittany Torres, Mona R. Loutfy, Shaz Islam, Joanne Lindsay, Colleen Price, Mehdi Zobeiry, Zoran Pandovski, Ivan Illic, Puja Ahluwalia, Darren A. Brown, Lisa Avery, Patricia Solomon
Summary: The aim of this study is to evaluate the implementation of an online telecoaching community-based exercise intervention for adults living with HIV. The study will be conducted in two phases, with the intervention phase involving thrice weekly online exercise sessions and supervised personal training, and the follow-up phase encouraging independent exercise. The study will assess various physical and contextual factors, as well as health status and physical activity levels through quantitative and qualitative assessments.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Soshi Samejima, Claire Shackleton, Raza N. Malik, Kawami Cao, Anibal Bohorquez, Tom E. Nightingale, Rahul Sachdeva, Andrei V. Krassioukov
Summary: Spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to severe cardiovascular dysfunction, and autonomic dysreflexia (AD) is one of the causes of high blood pressure in SCI patients. Recently, spinal cord stimulation (SCS) has been considered as a potential intervention to alleviate unstable blood pressure after SCI. This case series demonstrates the real-time effect of epidural SCS (eSCS) at the lumbosacral spinal cord in mitigating AD in individuals with SCI.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tiev Miller, Dirk Lange, Jayachandran N. Kizhakkedathu, Kai Yu, Demian Felix, Soshi Samejima, Claire Shackleton, Raza N. Malik, Rahul Sachdeva, Matthias Walter, Andrei V. Krassioukov
Summary: Despite the common practice of catheter reuse in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI), there is a risk of developing catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI). This study investigated the microbiological burden and surface changes of reused catheters in the short term. The results showed the presence of bacterial biofilm and antibiotic-resistant bacteria on all reused catheter surfaces, as well as asymptomatic bacteriuria in the majority of participants. These findings suggest that short-term catheter reuse may increase the susceptibility to CAUTI in SCI individuals.
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Ashley Morgan, Kenneth S. Noguchi, Ada Tang, Jennifer Heisz, Lehana Thabane, Julie Richardson
Summary: Many older adults fail to meet recommended levels of aerobic or strength training exercise, but high-intensity interval or circuit-based strengthening may provide a time-efficient solution. This review examined the effects of this type of exercise on physical and cognitive functioning for older adults living in the community, as well as adherence, retention, and adverse events. The evidence suggests that upper body-focused measures showed some benefits, while lower body-focused, self-report, and cardiovascular measures had mixed results. More research is needed to determine the cognitive effects.
JOURNAL OF AGING AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Fredrika S. Magnuson, Peter Christensen, Andrei Krassioukov, Gianna Rodriguez, Anton Emmanuel, Steven Kirshblum, Klaus Krogh
Summary: Neurogenic bowel dysfunction is a common problem among individuals with spinal cord injury or multiple sclerosis, often resulting in constipation, difficulty with bowel evacuation, and fecal incontinence. The current treatment algorithm does not fully align with clinical practice, calling for an updated version to guide healthcare professionals in treating NBD.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Daniel D. Hodgkiss, Gurjeet S. Bhangu, Carole Lunny, Catherine R. Jutzeler, Shin-Yi Chiou, Matthias Walter, Samuel J. E. Lucas, Andrei V. Krassioukov, Tom E. Nightingale
Summary: Spinal cord injury (SCI) often leads to low cardiorespiratory fitness, but exercise can improve it. This study aimed to assess whether certain SCI characteristics and exercise considerations can moderate changes in cardiorespiratory fitness.